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i UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. ! 



MORFORD'S 



Short-Trip Guide 



TO 



AMERICA. 

( United States and Dominion of Canada.) 






By henry MORFORD, ' ---^^— 

Author of the ''Short-Trip Guide to Europe*' ^^Over^Sea^ 
*' Paris in '67" &>c. 



NEW YORK: A 
SHELDON & CO , 677 Broadway. 

LONDON: 
W. H. SMITH & SON, 186, Strand ; S. FRENCH, 89, Strand. 



%^ 



Entered at Stationers' Hall, London— all rights reserved. 

Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1873, 

By HENKY MORFORD, 

In the Office of the Librarian of Congress, at Washington, D. 0. 



James Sutton & Co., Printers, S3 Liberty St,, N. Y. 



TABLE OF OOISTTEFTS. 



Cost and Time of Short American Trips 7 

Pkeparations for the Trip to America 17 

What to Do and Avoid on Shipboard 30 

Bell-Timb at Sea 40 

New York CiTr, Harbor and Suburbs 42 

Route No. 1.— Northern— New York to Niagara and Canada 63 

No. 2.— Northern— New York to Nia^,ara and Canada 83 

No. 3. — Northern— New York to Saratoga, Lake George, &c. 91 
No, 4.— Eastern- Kew York to Boston, by New Haven, 

Providence, &c 103 

No. 5.— Eastern— Boston to Portland and Canada 124 

No. 6.— Northern and Eastern— Boston to White Mountains, 

&c 129 

No. 7.— Northern and Eastern— New Yoik to White Moan- 
tains, &c 136 

No. 8.— Near Western— New York to Philadelphia 144 

No. 9.— Weptern and Southern — Philadelphia, to Baltimore, 

Washington and Richmond 162 

No. 10.— South Western— Eichmond to Charleston, Savan- 
nah, New Orleans, &c 189 

No. 11.— South Western— Washington or Richmond to Nash- 
ville and New Orleans 195 

No. 12.— Western— New York or Philadelphia to Cincinnati 

and Chicago 197 

No. 13.— Western— New York to Chicago, &c 206 

No. 14.— Western— Cincinnati to Louisville, St. Louie and 

Chicago 217 

No. 15.— Northern and Western— Buffalo to Chicago, by Lake 

Shore 226 

No. 16.— Northern— New York or Philadelphia to Coal and 

Oil Regions 228 

No. 17.— Canadian and Western— Nit. gara to Detroit and 

Chicago 231 

No. 18.— North Western— Chicago to St. Paul and Lake 

Superior 237 

No. 19.— Canadian — Niagara to Toronto, Ottawa. Montreal, 

Quebec, &c 241 

No. 20. — Canadian — Niagara to Toronto, Montreal and Que-- 

bec. by Steamprs 257 

No. 21.— Far Western— Chicago to Omaha, Salt Lake City 

and San Francisco 261 

Off Route and Minor Places 277 

Distances, Time and Fares 304 

Steamship Lines and Banking HoneeB — 

American Hotels for Travellers — 

Reminders to Ramblers — 



ADVERTISEMENT 

TO THE THIRD EDITION. 



The preparation of the " Short-Trip Guide to America" 
was induced by the practical success of the Guide to Europe, 
on the same plan, and the generally admitted want of some 
hand-book for tourists in America, fitted for pocket-use, and 
railway, carriage or steamer reading, by convenient size, 
clearness of type, and giving the data most ordinarily re- 
quired, while carefully avoiding tedious and unnecessary 
details. Such a book had long been regarded as a necessity, 
especially for 

1st. The very large and constantly-increasing body of Eng- 
lish-speaking people, principally from the British Islands, 
crossing the Atlantic for a short sojourn in the New "World, 
and desirous of seeing the greatest possible variety of 
interesting places within a limited period, without undue 
expenditure; and 

2nd. The only-less-numerous body of Americans who 
have made but partial acquaintance with their own country, 
and who need intelligent guidance in the selection and 
traversing of the most attractive routes. 

It was believed that this volume, prepared with much care 
and labor, and after many years of very extensive travel on 
both continents, would be found to meet the requirements 
of both classes; affording no small amount of assistance, 
meanwhile, to those visiting America for longer sojourn and 
having no occasion to economize time or money. And the even 
unexpected approval and success with which the work has 
met, in the brief time elapsing since the first publication in 
May, 1873, have already forced not only a third republication, 
but the most costly and laborious efforts to make it as nearly 
perfect as possible for a volume of no greater bulk. Mean- 
while, very extensive personal tours of the Middle and Far 



ADYERTISEMENT. 

West, extending to California, liave enabled the author pro- 
prietor to re-arrange all that portion of the volume covering 
those routes, and to give a completeness of direction to Califor- 
nia-hound travelers^ unattainable elsewhere^ in any publication^ 
as well as to indicate the condition and features of re-built 
Chicago, to a very satisfactory extent. It is believed that 
convenience will be greatly subserved by calling attention, 
in this place, to what the author-proprietor considers the 
Great American Round Tour, in the succession following : 
New York to Philadelphia, Harrisburg, Altoona, Pittsburg, 
Columbus, Cincinnati, Indianapolis and St. Louis (see Route 
13) ; St Louis to Chicago (see Route 14) ; Chicago to Omaha, 
Ogden, Salt Lake City, San Francisco, Lake Tahoe, the Big 
Trees, Yosemite Valley, etc. (see Route 21) ; return to Chi- 
cago, with option of visit to St. Paul, etc.; Chicago to 
Detroit, the Western Canadian l;owns, and Niagara Falls 
(reverse Route 17) ; Niagara Falls to Hamilton, Toronto, 
Prescott, Ottawa, Montreal, Quebec and the Saguenay river 
(see Route 19) ; Quebec to Portland (Me.), the White Moun- 
tains, Boston, and other New England cities (see Routes 5 
and 6), and thus return to New York ; or, Portland, the 
White Mountains, Lake Champlain, Lake George, Saratoga, 
Catskill Mountains, and return to New York by the Hudson 
river (see Routes 1 and 3, reversed). Such a circuit literally 
embraces the most charming features of American travel, 
at a season when the Southern routes are unadvisable ; and 
the tourist who can afford time and money to make it in that 
succession, will wisely improve his opportunities. 

To one additional feature attention is especially called : a 
paper immediately preceding the Index — *' Off Route and 
Minor Places,"— in which those desirous of visiting, for local 
or personal reasons, towns or natural curiosities not embraced 
in the Index or in any of the regular routes" will be likely to 
find the places required, with brief but suflBcient directions 
for reaching them 

New York and London, 

May,, 1873. 



The ShofHfip Guide to Amenca, 



COST AND TIME OF SHORT AMERICAN TRIPS. 

Several important questions are inyolved, with 
Europeans, and especially with Englishmen, in the 
calculations preceding a trip to America: so that 
Whethei" to go ? precedes the corresponding queries, 
Hoiu to go f and Where to go f The distance is 
known to be great, between the Old and New 
Worlds, though it is really only about one-eighth of 
that around the globe. 

With many men Time is the great object, and 
the want of it the great hindrance; though they 
may annually spend quite as much of it as would 
be necessary for a Summer tour across the Atlantic, 
in lingering about home watering-places and sea- 
shore resorts, re-visiting the often-seen Lake Coun- 
try, the Welsh, Irish and Scottish Mountains, etc., 
or repeating old experiences on the Ehine, among 
the Swiss Alps or the Pyrenees. This, too, at a time 
when the great Continent of the West has been made 
so much more broadly accessible, and so much more 
closely linked to that of Europe, by the Pacific Eail- 
road, the Atlantic Cable, and other enterprises — 
when the late great civil war in the United States; 



^ SHORT-TRIP GUIDE 

lias necessarily left many fields worth visiting and 
relics worth gathering — and when steam-transit 
between the two Continents has become so rapid 
and reliable that the ocean -passage is little more 
than that of a ferry. This false idea of Time is, as 
already said, the bugbear which hinders many of 
those who have comparatively -liberal means and a 
fair proportion of Jeisure; but with a far greater 
"number of those who love Nature in her varying 
moods and wide differences, and who desire to see 
the different peoples of the world, at liome, — Money 
is the anxiety, the want of it the hindrance, and the 
belief that a mint is necessary for anything in the 
shape of transatlantic travel, the great bugbear which 
confines them to one continent. 

A large proportion of this is a mistake, originally 
induced by want of intelligent inquiry, and material- 
ly added to by the exaggerations, not to call them 
falsehoods, of some of those who have been over the 
desired routes. While *^ going to America" was 
principally confined to the wealthy few or those 
driven by business demands, it was at once an easy 
and a tempting thing to do, to add to the supposed 
importance of what had been done, by overstating 
the cost as well as enlarging on the personal adven- 
ture and peril ; and, truth to say, the habit has not yet 
quite died out, now, when the many follow in the track 
of the few and detection is so much easier. Many a 
man, of quite the average integrity, but who supplies 
(as he beheves) the center at home of an admiring 



COST AND TIME OF TRIPS, 9 

circle, not many members of wliich are likely to fol- 
low him abroad — cannot resist the temptation to 
show, when he returns, that he has been doing, in 
the way of cost, what they had better not attempt if 
they do not wish to fail miserably ; and it is just 
possible that there have been members of the oppo- 
site sex, guilty of adding to the misunderstanding 
by corresponding exaggerations of their own eleva- 
tion above the untraveled and, consequently, the 
easily-deceived. 

Travelers tell " travelers' stories," in a pecuniary 
as well as an adventurous point of view : that is the 
truth, briefly stated ; and those stories frighten away 
many who would else enlarge their knowledge of 
life by seeing other continents than their own. 

Now it is the fact that the European can spend 
much money in America, within a very brief period 
and without going over any wonderful space, if he 
will ; just as in travels on the Continent, years ago, 
the tiverage Englishman spent twice as much, under 
the same circumstances, as the man of any other 
nation, creating in different minds the impression 
of his being a "prince" and a "fool" — until the 
American became first his rival and then his ad- 
mitted superior, in the detail of lavish and tasteless 
expenditure, and the Englishman who made any 
pretensions to common sense, taking a lesson from 
the example, comparatively abandoned the field of 
extravagance. The lavish and the reckless may still 
pave their very way with gold, if they will — as evi- 



10 8E0BT-TRIP GUIDE. 

denced by the fact that a certain well-known Eng- 
lishman, spending less than three months in the 
United States, drew upon his London bankers 
during his absence, for nearly £3,000 : the expend- 
iture all the more notable, because the tourist, a 
markedly free liver and entertainer, made no pur- 
chases of consequence for preservation, did not play, 
and never indulged in what are called the " costly 
vices." Others have followed, in different approxi- 
mations, ranging between £300 and £800 the month 
of absence; though it is to the credit of the national 
wisdom, to say that these instances of what must be 
considered wasteful expenditure for any one not in 
possession of a princely patrimony or a great bank- 
ing-house, are somewhat rare. 

So much for what may be spent in very brief 
tours, by those who can afford plenty of money, or 
think that they can do so : now for what may be 
saved, or rather for the question upon how little 
these brief tours may really be made, without dis- 
comfort or painful compromise of position. 

Even in the steerage, on some of the best-appoint- 
ed lines, passages may be made with much less dis- 
comfort than most stay-at-home people suppose ; and 
it is not at all certain that thousands of hardy ?:>er- 
sons, limited in means, who spend the requisite 
amounts of time and money on very questionable 
home -amusements, approaching to vices, might not 
do well to tempt a little rugged life in the forward 
parts of the ships that carry over their wealthy 



COST AND TIME OF TRIPS. 11 

brothers in the saloon-cabins. For on the best 
lines the discomforts, inconveniences and iinhealth- 
iness of steerage-passage have all been materially 
ameliorated within the past three or four years : the 
sleeping accommodations on many of them are en- 
durable if no more ; the food is almost always plen- 
tiful and generally excellent ; the amount of amuse- 
ment enjoyed is always greater than that attainable 
by the better-lodged people at the stern ; and the 
safety to person is necessarily the same except under 
circumstances of gross carelessness. 

Let us see, for the benefit of those very limited 
in means and still desirous to see a little fragment 
of the New World — what would be the absolute cost 
of doing what emigrants of both sexes and all coun- 
tries very often do for the sake of spending a few 
days with friends in the places of nativity. Say that 
six weeks' time is attainable, and let the cost of that 
six weeks be measured as carefully and yet as liber- 
ally as possible. 

Steerage passage to New York, £6 10s. — return, 
£6 10s.; total, £13. Time not on board ship, about 
three weeks ; board, for that time, average of £1 los- 
per week, £5 5s. Expenses of sight-seeing about 
New York, Boston and Philadelphia, with convey- 
ance to each, during that period, £5. Occasional 
necessary conveyance, the feet being principally 
trusted to, £3. Incidental expenses, liberally cal- 
culated, £4. Total, £32. £10 to £12 more would 
enable the cheap tourist to visit Niagara Falls, 



.12 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

greatest of American natural curiosities, and see at 
least one or two cities of the Queen's dominions in 
Canada. Grand total, with that included, £42 to 
£45, with a certainty that any economical person, 
in good health and temper, could come within the 
smaller sum named, and even reduce it, without 
other inconvenience than carefully adhering to the 
cheaper rates of conveyance correspondiug to that of 
the ocean transit. 

How many comparatively-poor men are there with 
longing and hopeless desires after seeing other coun- 
tries than their own, who never make any calcula- 
tion or effort to such an end, and yet who could and 
would compass it if they fairly understood the com- 
parative trifle for which so much might be enjoyed! 

One of the greatest of American travelers, Mr. 
Bayard Taylor, made his first European excursion 
under circumstances quite as illiberal as anything 
here indicated — " did" Great Britain and a very con- 
siderable portion of the Continent on foot, except 
with rare instances of riding, and remained not less 
than six or seven months, his whole expenditure 
being only about 1500 (say £105), and the fortunate 
result of his travel that successful volume "Views 
a-foot ; or, Europe Seen with Knapsack and Staff." 
And it is very doubtful whether in any portion of 
his later experience, in all descriptions of traveling 
" state," up to that of Secretary of Legation at St. 
Petersburg, he has ever enjoyed his wanderings bet- 
ter than when makins: th/j,t first essay as a poor 



COST AND TIME OF TRIPS. 13 

boy. As a pleasant pendant to which, the writer 
recalls having met, not many months ago, in the 
streets of New York, an English workman from 
Sheffield, spending a little of his moderate surplus- 
earnings in seeing what he called " a tidy bit of the 
New World," and one of the most intelligent of 
travelers on many subjects of interest and enquiry 
— whose expenditure, as given by himself, would 
not reach within ten per cent, of the figures above 
given, while he was healthy, happy and entirely 
comfortable in what his saving expenditure allowed 
him to secure and enjoy. 

But the figures already given represent, of course, 
the minimum possibility of travel in any desirable 
part of America, compatible with even the decencies 
of life, without too many of its comforts ; and, it is, 
equally of course, with that class of people standing 
midway between the possible steerage-passenger and 
the traveler en prince^ that we have next and princi- 
pally to do. The most important question of this 
paper is — What need he the expenses and the time 
consumed for a certain round, of a traveler going 
first-class and demanding all the comforts^ and yet 
indisposed to waste money on costly luxuries ? 

To answer that question, then, as intelligibly as 
may be consistent with brevity. 

For six to seven weeks' absence from home, visit- 
ing New York, Boston, Philadelphia, Baltimore, 
Washington, one or two of the most noted water- 
ing-places, Niagara Falls, and one or two of the cities 
of Canada — only 



14 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

Ticket to New York and return, £36 to £60~sav 
an average of £48, for which all necessary comfort 
and quite sufficient " style" can be secured. Average 
board of the three weeks off-ship, £3 to £4 per week 
— say £10 10s. Traveling expenses, railway and 
carriage fares, etc. £30. Maps, pictures, curio- 
sities, etc., (noii at all necessary, but inevitable), 
£10. Incidental expenses, for which no name can 
be given; money to guides, beggars, stewards and 
servants ; money lost and wasted, with an occasional 
indulgence in a luxury, not including costly wines 
or "society," gambling or other vices— £15. Total, 
£113 10s. £12 to £15 or possibly £18, may easily be 
saved from this, by a very careful person, leaving 
the expenditure about £100 ; and a person at all the 
reverse of careful may quite as easily add a corres- 
ponding sum, making the expenditure, with no 
greater amount of travel or sight-seeing, £125 to 
£130. 

For ten weeks' absence, an estimate of £50 addi- 
tional may safely be made, bringing the total outlay 
up to say £160 10s; and this will secure, in addition 
to the round already named, an extension of the 
tour through the White and Green Mountains of 
the north-east, with Saratoga, Lake George and 
Lake Winnepisaukie ; or it will add the great Coal 
Eegions of Pennsylvania, Cincinnati, and other 
cities of Ohio, with Chicago and glimpses of the 
Mississippi and the Great Lakes. 

For throe months' (thirteen or fourteen weeks) 



CObT AND TIME OF TRIPS. 15 

absence, another £50 may be added, bringing the 
amount up to say £200 or £210 ; and with this all 
the foregoing may be done, with the addition of the 
" North-West," now found in the States bordering 
the Upper Missouri, with the Lake Superior region, 
and a much more extended visit to the cities of 
Canada, and the natural curiosities of the Domin- 
ion; or, it will enable the tourist (if the season 
should be a proper one for Southern travel) to go 
southward from Washington to Richmond, Charles- 
ton, Savannah and New Orleans, with their inter- 
mediate towns and a general view of what is 
technically know;n in the United States as *' the 
South." 

Pour months will add to this £50 to £60 of ex- 
penditure, bringing up the outlay to £260 or £280, 
and permitting the pursuance of some of the routes 
named, more at leisure, as well as the addition of 
others of the watering-places, if the visit is paid in 
the proper season. And within the same time may 
even be managed a run over the Pacific Railroad, to 
Salt Lake City, San Francisco, and the great natural 
curiosities of California, with a view of the Pacific 
— ^though five months would be a more rational cal- 
culation for the whole time of absence. With the 
California route added, the expenditure will be 
found materially increased from all the previous cal- 
culations — say £100 additional for that alone ; the 
amount necessary for the four-to-five-months trip, 
with the Pacific excursion crowning it, being some- 



16 SHOBT-TBIP GUIDE. 

where within the range from £360 to £380 or £400, 
and half of the continent travelled over in that time 
and at that cost. 

At this point the phrase "short-trip" may be 
said to be exhausted; for only people of liberal 
means and abundant leisure are likely to go far 
beyond in any one visit, and to them these calcula- 
tions possess only limited interest; though even 
they may find a certain advantage in bestowing that 
slight amount of study on the subject, necessary to 
secure a proper knowledge of time to be spent aod 
money used to the best purpose. 



PREPARATIONS FOR THE TRIP TO AMERICA. 

The following paper, like some of the others to 
come after it, is especially intended for those who 
have never before crossed the Atlantic, and, conse- 
quently, some of the advice tendered in it may seem 
very primitive to those who have already taken 
their degree, however low a one, in the academy of 
traveling experience. The suggestion may prop- 
erly be added, however, that even some of those 
who have taken that degree may find themselves 
none the worse for reading over these hints, even if 
they do so to dissent from them. An apology may 
need to be made, too, for the direct and conversa- 
tional style adopted in this and some other papers : 
the aim of the writer is, in this regard, to come as 
near as possible to the words and manner that 
would be used in a personal conversation, with one 
of the parties doing much more than half of the 
talking. 

It may be proper, too, with reference to this paper 
and those succeeding, to say that the writer speaks 
almost entirely from personal experience — and that 
where that experience has failed, it has been eked 
out, not often through the means of books, but 
from the personal hints and relations of frequent 
and experienced travelers. For himself, the writer. 



18 SHORT-TBIP GUIDE 

in repeated and extended travel on both continents, 
has made, first and last, nearly all the mistakes 
against which in the present instance he attempts 
to guard others, and felt, the necessity for some in-, 
struction like that Avhich he now endeavors to im- 
part, on almost every point touched upon. So much 
said, the promise of the paper must be kept, in a 
brief but comprehensive list of rules connected with 
the preparation for transatlantic voyages, and es- 
pecially for those first voyages which more or less 
imitate Columbus. 

1st. Decide whether you can afibrd time and 
money to go at all, taking into consideration the 
before-urged opportunities for economy. Also, de- 
cide whether, in going, you leave too much of anx- 
iety, personal or pecuniary, for fair enjoyment; for 
there is an old adage about the absentee who " drags 
with each remove a lengthening chain," and there 
are not charms enough, even in the natural scenerj* 
and odd character-studies of the New World, tc 
make such a trip *• pay," when the heart or the busi- 
ness-powers must be left at home. So much decided, 
and in the affirmative, then - 

2Qd. Having made up your mind, stick to the 
resolution. Arrange your time of going and make 
everything work to accommodate that, not leave 
that to accommodate itself to everything. Gener- 
ally, in this as in everything else in life, too long 
anticipation is not the healthiest or the most profit- 
able, and a voyage not canvassed over for five years 



PREPARATIONS. 19 

in advance is likely to yield more pleasure than one 
submitted to that length of speculation. Above all 
things never boast that you are going, when you 
have merely tliouglit of going and made no definite 
decision ; as unpleasant consequences may often re- 
sult, in the event of the projected voyage being 
abandoned, and the suspicion may sometimes creep 
into the minds of acquaintances, either that there 
was ''bounce" in the original statement, or that 
some heart-failure at the last moment has induced 
the abandonment. 

3d. Having resolved upon time of going and 
probable duration of trip, and selected the line of 
steamers by which the outward voyage is to be 
made, do not permit the paltry folly of wishing to 
keep a certain number of pounds for a few days 
longer in pocket, to prevent the early taking of a 
passage. The best state-rooms of any favorite steam- 
ship are likely to be first taken up ; and even in the 
event of any unexpected hindrance occurring, there 
is rarely any difficulty in disposing of a well-located 
berth, while most of the companies, at any time be- 
fore the " eleventh hour," will transfer the passen- 
ger from one steamer to a later one, if a change of 
time is all the deviation from the original plan 
rendered necessary. 

4th. If suddenly-occurring events happen to 
have changed the calculation in the other direction, 
and the plan of going is formed almost at the very 
moment when some favorite steamer is about to 



20 SHORT-TRIP GTJWK 

sail, neyer heed the stories so likely to be told, that 
" the steamer is full and you cannot get a place ! " 
There is nearly always room for "one passenger 
more," as there is in most land -conveyances; and 
if the worst comes to the worst, it is a very rare case 
when some of the officors of the ship cannot be 
found ready to give up a room for the run, at the 
inducement of no-very-large addition to the price of 
the passage-ticket. These are suggestions for ex- 
treme cases, however: as before said, passage had 
much better be taken early, whenever possible, for 
reasons already stated or about to be. 

5th. In selecting berths, when a good opportu^ 
nity for choice remains, always aim to get as near 
as possible to the midships of the vessel — a consid- 
eration of not much consequence to old voyagers 
with strong nerves, but of great importance to 
landsmen, as every foot of distance from the waist 
increases the amount of motion in a heavy sea ; and 
not only is the danger of sea-sickness less amid- 
ships, but the chances of having sleep broken by 
the " pitch " of a " head " or " following " sea are 
proportionably decreased when so located. The 
same principle applies, in a less degree, to the 
question of outside or inside rooms (those inside or 
outside of the alleyways). There is much less effect 
from the " roll," in a " beam " sea, for those occupy- 
ing inn^r berths; but there is always much less 
light for reading or any other purpose, and the one 
advantage will probablv balance the other, except 



PBEPAMATI0N8, 91 

in winter passages, when the inner rooms ai'e alto- 
gether preferable, 

6th. No guide-book, until yery lately, ever con- 
tained a hint of the advice to be embodied in this 
paragraph ; and yet there is no word of counsel, of 
the whole, more important. Unless that miserable 
being, a " man of letters," and thus compelled to be 
always reading — there are few intending voyagers, 
male or female, who will not be the better for a lit- 
tle "reading up" as to any country about to be 
visited. A fresh glance at the atlas, to see how the 
different sections lie and the relation which they 
bear to each other, is almost indispensable, even to 
some of us who flatter ourselves (before we think 
the second time) that we learned our geography in 
early life, and have kept pretty well up with it ever 
since. This rule, as already hinted, applies to travel 
and to travelers in all countries, but to no other 
geographical division of the earth's surface with the 
same force as to the JSTew World, and especially to 
that covered by the great Republic of the "West 
where change seems the rule, and where the altera- 
tions of boundaries and names, within the past few 
years, have been almost as startling as those effected 
in political status and society. Upon the relative 
positions of different States, the names of their 
capitals and chief cities, their rivers and natural 
wonders, and even their commercial and industrial 
features, it is exceedingly profitable to be as well as 
possible freshened in advance ; and the same remark 



22 SEOBT-TRIP GUIDE. 

obviously applies with equaUorce to the main facts 
of history and the more important points in estab- 
lished or current literature. And to the latter sug- 
gestion a few words of particulars may he added; 
Exactly as a man from the New World would find 
more than half his possible pleasure lacking, visit- 
iug Great Britain without possessing any compre- 
hensive knowledge of Shakspeare, Scott, Burns, 
Thackeray, Moore, Tennyson, etc., or France with 
no acquaintance with Eousseau, Voltaire, Lamartine, 
Beranger, Victor Hugo, Dumas, etc. — so the visitor 
from the Old World to the New must be lacking in 
many of the opportunities for observation, social 
life and popularity, who fails to know something of 
Cooper, Irving, Hawthorne, Longfellow, Whittier, 
and (especially for travel in the New England 
States) Holmes, Emerson and Lowell. 

7th. Another '* rubbing up " is advisable though 
not absolutely indispensable. Thousands of ques- 
tions about native land, its physical appearance, 
wealth, working of government, industrial aspects, 
etc., are constantly asked of all persons on their 
travels, supposed to be of the average intelligence, 
by foreigners whom they chance to meet ; and it is 
decidedly pleasant as well as proper, not to be three 
or four thousand miles from home, unable to answer 
the simplest questions with reference to things oc- 
curring at our own doors. The more we know about 
our own land, the more intelHgent and agreeable 
travelers we shall make ; and, in this connection, 



PBEPABATI0N8. 33 

8th. Tlirow overboard two false impressions, to- 
gether, before leaving Europe. Overboard with the 
idea, at once, that the land you are leaving is better 
than all others in every regard, so that nothing can 
be learned abroad: and with it give the go-by to 
the alternative impression that you have notliing 
worth asserting and even boasting about, and that 
what you are to learn abroad will stand in place of 
the previous experience and pride of a life. Each 
of the leading European countries possesses, at this 
day, many things uu equaled by the rest of the world 
and matters of legitimate pride to her citizens ; but 
she is almost equally sure to have errors and defi- 
ciencies which may well be corrected by observa- 
tions among other, if not necessarily wiser, people. 
Every tourist going abroad should carry with him 
all practical knowledge of his own land, and all 
well-founded pride in it ; and, at the same time, he 
should travel with eyes and ears open and power to 
divest himself of ridiculous national vain-glory pre- 
judicially shutting away all beyond. 

And now to a few minor particulars belonging ta 
the very eve of starting, and still important enough 
to deserve place and number : 

9th. Start with a confident expectation of return- 
ing, and yet leave property-interests disposed of as 
if no return was likely to be made. There is really 
less danger, in a given number of days, in going 
over-sea than in most rail way- 1 ra vel ; but absences 
thus involved are necessarilv much lon^-er and de- 



24 SHOBT'TBIP GUIDE. - 

mand additional forethought in at least one or two 
particulars. " No man dies the sooner for making 
his will," they say; and certainly no man travels 
less comfortably for leaving affairs at home in such 
a shape, that, if he does not return, his absence will 
cause the least possible inconvenience to those left 
behind. And, in this connection, again, 

10th. There is nothing wiser for the departing 
^'family-man," whatever the status of those depend- 
ent upon him, than an investment in a moderate 
life-assurance^ with an additional assurance against 
accident. Nothing of an earthly character (the re- 
ligious questions will naturally suggest themselves) 
adds more comfort in a storm at sea, or danger in 
some distant land, than the reflection that there 
would be, at least, one benefit from the risk ter- 
minating unfavorably : tlie dear ones at home would 
he pecuniarily the gainers hy it. 

11th. Arrange baggage compactly, and not too 
■extensively. For each person (male — the ladies 
^uill make rules for themselves, applying what hints 
may chance to suit them) — one stout leather or 
wood-and-leather trank of 30 to 36 inches by 16 to 
20 inches, and one convenient valise for carrying in 
the hand, are always sufficient, for anything less 
than carrying over the whole personal effects with 
a view to residence. The trunk for deposit in the 
great cities, in the event of expecting to return 
along the same line— if not, unavoidably to be car- 
ried along. The valise for short excursions from 



PBEPARATI0N8. 35 

those great centers having this advantage — that it 
can be carried in the railway-carriage or cab, while 
the trunk must be looked after, with trouble and 
expense. Both trunk and valise should be plainly 
marked with name and residence — initials not al- 
ways enough for either safety or convenience. If 
the trunk is small enough for the sea- voyage to find 
place in the state room, all the better ; if not, care 
must be taken that, before it goes into the hold, all 
articles are taken out from it that will be needed 
before landing on the other side. The valise will 
always find place in the state-room, of course. And 
this brings 

12th. The important question of Clothing, with 
reference to which a few general suggestions may 
be found valuable. The point of view here taken is 
especially ior the male sex, but the female will find 
it easily varied to their requirements. For crossing 
the North Atlantic, to return in two or three months, 
the first requirement is a suit of thick clothes, so old 
and valueless that one can lounge upon the deck in 
them, with no fear of damage. (Dandyism is at a 
discount at sea — a lesson quickly and surely learn- 
ed). Clothing thick, because sea air is neai;ly always 
damp, and generally cold. Then as thick an over- 
coat and gloves as can well be procured, the use of 
which will become patent, either off the Irish coast 
or among the fogs and possible icebergs of the 
Banks of Newfoundland. A thick blanket, rug, or 
heavy robe, to make lounging upon deck the easier 



36 SEORT-TBIP GUIDE. 

and warmer. For summer travel in the Northern, 
Middle and Western States, or Canada, a neat travel- 
ing-suit of Melton, with one of flaDuel for proceed- 
ing further southward, and for very hot weather in 
even the States named. A summer-overcoat or 
wrap of waterproof Melton or aqua-scutum — not so 
regularly or often needed as in the British Islands, 
but indispensable. Heavy-wool under-clothing for 
sea-use, with courage enough to double it if neces- 
sary; for American hot weather, on land, lighter 
under-clothing of merino, silk, or zephyr. A dress - 
suit, if entrance into "society" is intended, or if 
there is plenty of room in the trunks ; as clothing 
is somewhat high in America, while exceptionally 
tasteful and well made — though, candidly, in hurried 
trips of this character, the traveling-suit is seldom 
shaken off. Figured or colored-wool overshirts, with 
high throat, collar and wrist-bands, for time at sea, or 
for any temporary '' camping-out" or "roughing-it" 
among woods or mountains. Plenty of linen and 
white goods, to avoid being at the mercy of the 
washerwoman at times of sudden transit, and be- 
cause all these, as well as all hosiery and under- 
clothing, cost more in the United States than in 
England. Stout-soled shoes — of calf, best. Low- 
crowned tourist-hat, of felt (dress-hat to be bought, 
if necessary) ; umbrella, of late years almost as in- 
dispensable on the western side of the Atlantic 
as the eastern ; a good opera-glass, necessary for 
catching views rapidly and correctly, both by sea 



PREPABATI0N8. 27 

and land, and more convenient if not too large for 
the pocket and not necessitating the prononce strap, 

13th. Make such arrangements, if possible, that a 
little longer absence than that contemplated will not 
work serious business or other inconvenience, as the 
best calculator cannot always be quite sure of non- 
detention through some influence or action beyond 
himself. 

14th. Arrange (as before suggested) to take a lit- 
tle more money abroad than is supposed to be neces- 
siry for either time or distance ; but 

15th. Carry in actual money, (English gold, or 
Bank of England notes, with a trifle of silver) only 
so much as will pay expenses on ship-board and last 
during the few days that may happen to elapse be- 
fore reaching the point at which the first draft is 
made payable. All beyond this should be taken 
either in bills~of-exchange on bankers in one or 
more of the more important cities to be visited, or 
in circular letters-of-credit to corresponding houses 
in those cities. It is scarcely necessary to say that 
only the very first class of banking-houses, at home, 
should be dealt with, in procuring exchange or let- 
ters-of-credit, if the painful possibility of finding 
oneself abroad without funds, is to be avoided. 

16th, Take some letters of introduction, when 
tendered, and to the right persons ; but depend very 
little upon them, except in some business point of 
view. The fact is that, without any discourtesy to 
givers being intended, letters of introduction go for 



28 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

less in America and secure less consideration addi- 
tional to the deportment and standing of the bearer, 
than in any other part of the civilized globe : and 
they should be understood and rated accordiugly. 
Added to which may be set down that in no other 
country is the best society of any given region so ac- 
cessible, the letter of introduction being thus render- 
ed little else than commercial or useless. 

17th. Avoid attempting to carryover, among bag- 
gage, anything that can be construed as beyond ne- 
cessary personal use, as the American administration 
of the customs, of late years, is stringent to oppres- 
siveness, and a misunderstanding on that point may 
be more easily avoided than removed. (Articles 
most watched for and guarded against are clothing, 
[new and in undue quantity,] silks, linens, laces, 
watches, jewelry and precious stones). 

18 th. Create as little impression as possible, on the 
verge of departure, of feeling that some event, mov- 
ing half the world, is taking place in your first leaving 
your native land. A sea-voyage, now, no further 
than America, is about equivalent to a trip from 
London to Edinburgh or Dundee, fifteen years ago 
— and not much more than was the transit across 
the channel to France, at the distance back of thirty 
or fifty years ; and the observing world is generally 
coming to regard it in that light. 

19th. and last. If possible, go on board before the 
last moment of sailing, and have any heavy luggage 
on board even earlier. Also, if possible, make any 



PREPARATIONS. 29 

extended tender farewells earlier and elsewhere than 
on the crowded deck of a steamer, at the last mo- 
ment, when everybody is in the way of everybody 
else, when the officers naturally wish to throw over- 
board all the whiners, and when there is a probabil- 
ity of the grief of departure being added to by the 
worry of having wife, sister, child or friend tumbled 
into the river at the landing-stage or dropped over 
between tender and steamer as the two separate. 



WHAT TO DO AND A\/0/D ON SHIPBOARD. 

The advice in this paper, too, will be set down di- 
dactically, and mucli of it will be considered as very 
elementary by those who have once or oftener cross- 
ed the Atlantic. In the meantime, not even to some 
of them will the maxims be fonnd nnprofitable, if 
attended to — ^judging by the very large nnmber of 
habitnal travelers who seem to happen npon the 
very conditions of discomfort and imprndence, as if 
seeking them. 

1st. Perhaps the first condition of comfort in a 
sea-voyage, is to avoid making np the mind as to 
any positive time at which the voyage must be con- 
cluded. To look across the three thousand miles of 
the Atlantic, and think over the days necessary to 
travel it, even on the swiftest vessel, is rather dis- 
couraging than the reverse, to people of rapid 
thought and active habit; but by simply avoiding 
any definite calculation and considering the ship 
and her officers and crew as doing their " day's 
work,'' the amount of impatience may be very con- 
siderably reduced. Creeping ahead a little every 
day, the whole voyage will soon be accomplished : 
that is enough to know and enough to feel, no mat- 
ter what anxieties may be at the end. 

2d. Perhaps the next desideratum is to avoid any 



ON SHIPBOARD. 31 

considerable anxiety as to tlie voyage being a pros- 
perous one, by first remembering that more than an 
hundred runs are made without a single accident, 
and more than five hundred Avithout the total loss 
of a vessel — and then falling back npon that pleas- 
ant recollection that you have not the affair in 
charge, any way — that (Providence over all, and al- 
ways to be remembered, of course,) the officers and 
crew of the ship have their duty to do and are very 
likely to do it, for the sake of their own lives and 
the property committed to their skill. It may be 
straining a point, perhaps, but there is really some 
j)hilosophy in getting into the state of mind of 
the droll fellow who demonstrated to one of the 
"anxious," in a storm at sea, that, having j-jaid their 
passage, and the company having consequently con- 
tracted to take them across, the question of the 
ship's foundering was really something with which 
they (the passengers) had nothing to do ! This may 
not have much reassured the frightened man, but it 
certainly silenced him; and there no doubt was 
more than a grain of earnest in the old traveler's 
philosophy of remembering that he did not steer the 
ship, as there was undoubtedly comfortable indo- 
lence in it. 

3d. It is wise not to expect too much on ship- 
board, either in the way of luxury, or even of positive 
comfort. Ships, at the largest, are small as com- 
pared with hotels, and at the steadiest are " shaky," 
as compared to private dwellings, except when the 



32 8H0BT-TRIP GUIDE. 

latter have the rarity of earthquakes to throw them 
off the perpendicular. Plenty of good food, respect- 
able though confined sleeping-quarters, and attend- 
ance fair, but by no means that of a first class hotel 
— these are all that ought to be expected ; and a very 
little philosophy makes them enough. It has before 
been said that " dandyism is at a discount, at sea ;" 
so is, or ought to be, jinickiness. What if neither 
shaving, nor dressing, nor any of the other offices of 
civilized life, can be done quite as well as at home ? 
Nobody notices whether they are scrupulously per- 
formed, or not; and some of the neatest of men 
when on shore, when they have become old travel- 
ers, consent to be slovenly for those few days with- 
out serious suffering. The golden rule, on going to 
sea, is : Exited very little, and l)e preimred to hear 
good-humoredly with it; then, if "all the modern 
conveniences" should happen to prevent themselves, 
as is not at all likely, they will afford double en- 
joyment, and the want of them will not entail 
misery. 

4th. Determine to be as jolly as health will allow, 
andjis companionable as is at all consistent with the 
temperament. Join in all practical harmless amuse- 
ments and exercises, with the result of making your 
own days less tedious, and producing the same 
effect on those of others. One jolly fellow, some- 
times, seems to leaven up a whole ship-load ; one or 
two glum faces act like a wet-blanket on all con- 
cerned. There is a comradery in sea-going, scarcely 



ON SHIPBOARD. Sa 

second to that of the army ; and some of the pleas- 
antest friendships of years originate on the deck 
filled with comparative strangers. Quoits, shovel- 
board, chess, draughts, backgammon, social games 
at cards, all these supply amusement to those who 
will take part in them; and there is room for any 
amount of table sociability at meals, not marred but 
rather increased by the little accidents to which 
breakfasting or dining in rough weather is certainly 
subject. 

5th. Make friends, early, with the captain and 
other officers of the ship, so far as they will permit ; 
but take no liberties with them, and carefully avoid 
compromising any one of them who may have shown 
any peculiar favor, by speaking of it to others of the 
ship's company or passengers. Strictly observe those 
cardinal rules which forbid going upon the bridge, 
talking with the officers when on duty, or distract- 
ing the attention of the quarter-masters at the 
wheel. Avoid getting in the way of the officers at 
the compass, or hmdering them when engaged in 
that most important event of the day — "" taking an 
observation." Obey them, quietly and respectfully, 
when they give a direction calculated to secure your 
safety or prevent accident — even if the reason of the 
order should not be fully evident to a landsman. 
Don't inquire any oftener than is unavoidable, where 
the ship is at any particular moment, what a certain 
movement on deck means, what kind of weather it 
is going to be during the next twenty-four hours ; 



34 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

and don't ask the men, wlien tliey are heaving the 
log, how many miles an hour the ship is going, or 
don't expect them to tell the truth if you do ! Don't 
get in the way when hawsers are being overhauled 
•or yards braced ; and don't wonder if, getting in the 
way when some evolution of hauling the ropes is 
going on, you occasionally trip and so learn what 
times and places are dangerous. Don't attempt to 
^Hielp," at any time, except in the rare event of an 
accident; and thus '"keeping out of the way," with- 
out losing any chance of observation and enjoyment, 
secure the friendship of the officers, the respect of 
the crew, and the gratitude of all concerned. 

6th. Make friends with the stewards, at once, not 
only by treating them respectfully, but by speaking 
to the two in charge of your particular table and 
state-room — requesting their attention and prom- 
ising them the due douceur at the end of the voy- 
age. Half a sovereign each to the saloon and lower- 
saloon stewards, and say a crown to the " boots," 
with half-a-crown for beer to the captain of the 
watch who first " chalks" you when yon break the 
rules of the ship by going forward, and perhaps half 
a dozen shillings to persons who do errands for you 
during the run — this, reaching not much more than 
thirty shillings altogether, is quite sufficient to 
grease the wheels of service and make welcome then 
and afterwards. 

7th. Avoid attempting to read much, at sea, 
however interest may tempt in that direction. There 



ON SHIPBOARD. 35 

is a motion and jar of the vessel, making tlie letters 
swim and damaging head and optic-nerves to a de- 
gree needing days for recovery. Some persons can 
read steadily, almost without injury; others cannot: 
it is never best to try the experiment when it can be 
avoided. And there is rarely much occasion : it is a 
poor passage-list in which more amusement cannot 
be found than in books, for the short period con- 
sumed in crossing the Atlantic. 

8th. Keep on deck, all that is possible. Half the 
charm of going to sea lies in the pure, fresh air, 
except in very stormy weather. The air of lower- 
cabins and state-rooms is Lecessarily more or less 
confined, and consequently unhealthy ; while the 
healthiest atmosphere in the world comes fresh to 
the lungs fMom blue water. There is far less danger 
of sea-sickness, too, on deck than below, when actual 
illness does not enforce confinement to the berth ; 
and the thousand sights and sounds of sea-life — 
sunrises, sunsets, moonlight, storm-waves, whales, 
porpoise-shoals, passmg vessels, observations, log and 
lead heaving, making and taking in sail, signalling, 
etc., are only to be enjoyed by those who keep the 
deck as persistently as possible. And this is even ad- 
ditionally true at times of leaving or making land ; 
approaching port, etc., opportunities for remark and 
study, lost during which periods, may be and prob- 
ably will be lost forever. 

9th. Dress warmly — quite as warmly as comfort 
demands, and err on the safe side if at all. Sea-air, 



36 8H0BT-TRIP GUIDE. 

though healthy, is damp and deceptive as to temper- 
ature. Never mind the appearance: put on the 
clothes. 

10th. Take much exercise. Want of occupation 
induces long sitting at table and hearty eating ; and 
the system must be a strong one which can endure 
this for days, without exercise, and yet suffer no in- 
jury. When thf-re is not too much sea to make it 
possible, at least a mile or two should be walked 
every morning and a corresponding space in the af- 
ternoon — the long cleared decks, or the alleyways, of 
most of the best st^-amers, rendering this amuse?)ient 
of exercise easy and convenient. 

11th. Aid the direction last named, by eating 
moderately as usual habits will allow — either by 
abridging the quantity of each meal, or by avoiding 
some of the number. Four meals per day are usually 
provided — breakfast, lunch, dinner and tea : very 
often, and especially when there is any tendency to 
inactivity of the system, and fever, two of the four 
may be profitably omitted. 

12th. Put confidence in the ship : believe, for the 
time being, that the ship is the best afloat. If you 
go down into the fire-room (which, by the way, is 
quite as well kept out of), don't fall into the fancy 
that so large a mass of fire in the midst of a vessel 
must inevitably burn her : vessels are especially con- 
structed to guard against that danger, and iron does 
not take fire easily. Don't be alarmed at the noises 
continually coming from the fire-room, or think that 



ON SHIPBOARD. 37 

some calamity has happened there : firemen are nor- 
mally noisy as well as grimy, and they need to 
speak loudly to make themselves heard. Don'r- 
fancy, in short, that everything will go wrong nnless 
you attend to it, except in one particular ; and that 
is, 

13th. Join the fire-police of the ship, and stick to 
the organization. Take no combustible materials 
below in your baggage— neither matches or danger- 
ous chemicals; take no light of any kind below the 
decks, for better reason than because there is a 
severe punishment for any proceeding of the kind — 
the all-powerful reason that such an act may destroy 
your own life and the lives of others. On this point, 
watch your own conduct and that of others, and no 
harm is likely to result from the close surveillance ; 
though any discovery made should always be com- 
municated quietly to some person in charge, and not 
shouted through the ship so as to create a panic 
among the passengers. 

14th. Never go forward when the ship is pitching 
into a heavy sea : there is always danger of injury, in 
such an experiment by a landsman, and very often of 
being swept overboard, at times when even sailors can 
scarcely keep footing on the wet and slippery decks. 
Never stand at or very near the taffrail (extreme 
stern) in correspondingly heavy weather, as there is 
always danger of the ship "jumping out from under 
you" — an accident which sometimes happens to ex- 
perienced seamen who stand unguardedly in that 



38 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

dangerous position. Never climb upon the bul- 
warks, however calm the sea ; for there is no know- 
ing at what moment there may be one roll — enough 
to finish the individual voyage very unpleasantly. 

15th. Never attempt to go up or down one of the 
companion-ways (stairs), or along one of the gang- 
ways, or the decks, when the sea is heavy, without 
makins^ as much use of the hands as the feet — hold- 
ing on firmly to the nearest convenient rail. Broken 
ribs or limbs are sometimes the consequence of for- 
getfulness or bravado, on this point. 

16th. In the event of illness (other than sea-sick- 
ness), don't take nostrums, or trust to anything in 
your private " medicine-chest." There is always 
one surgeon, or more, on each ship ; they are paid 
for attending to the health of passengers, without 
charge except for costly medicine ; they are partic- 
ularly familiar with the treatment prudent at sea ; 
and it is very often the case that medicines upon 
which dependence can Ijc placed when on the more 
stable element, prove injurious in the abnormal con- 
dition of never being entirely quiet. 

17th. If sea-sick, don't fancy the disease is a mor- 
tal one. Few people die of it, though many (it is to 
be feared) are rendered vastly uncomfortable. Keep 
the bravest heart and the strongest determination 
possible, against the great foe; and above all, do 
not join the noble army of those who ask to be mer- 
cifully '^ thrown overboard " as a means of escaping 
the torture. Nobody dares obey the request — not 



ON SHIPBOARD. 39 

even your worst enemy, who AYislies that he could; 
and if it sliould be obeyed, the chances are ten to 
one that before you had gone down ten fathoms in 
bhie water the cry might be a different one. 

18th. Bjrths, in sea-going ships, are mostly sin- 
gle; and yet it is best, especially in heavy weather, 
to liave a hed-fellow. This is easily found in the 
valise or well-filled carpet bag, which packed closely 
in against the side-board, the would-be sleeper lying 
on the side in the inner part of the berth, will gen- 
erally enable him to lie without rolling, even when 
the ship is doing her worst in that direction, and 
secure i^leep when it would be otherwise impossible 
from the constantly- waking motion. An alternative 
arrangement of almost equal excellence in rough 
Aveather, though not always practicable — is to use a 
broad luggage-strap, fastened to any stanchion at 
the back of the berth and then buckled around tha 
breast of the would-be sleeper. 

19th — and more important than any of the pre- 
ceding. Eemember, oftener than when the service 
is read on Sabbath morning, that there is a Hand 
wiser and stronger than that of any officer of the 
ship, ruling not only the vessel, but the waves upon 
which she rides and the winds and other elements 
which may place her in peril. 



BELL-TIME AT SEA. 

ir'ASSENGERS by any of the transatlantic steam- 
ers, or on any other extended route involving the 
continual change of longitude, should never risk in- 
juring their time -pieces by setting them slower or 
faster, but q-uietly allow them to run down imme- 
diately after starting, and keep them in that condi- 
tion, though carrying them in the ordinary upright 
position, until the end of the voyage. They will be 
obliged, meanwhile, to depend upon the ship's bell, 
with occasional glimpses of the saloon-clock, for the 
requisite knowledge of the flight of time during 
•each day, to prevent a mental vacuum on that sub- 
ject, and enable them to make proper preparation 
for meals. 

A little experience of the use of the bell, however, 
is necessary for putting this advice into ready prac- 
tice ; and the following brief table of "bell-time at 
sea" will be found worth an hour or two of study, to 
that end; one fact being always borne in mind: 
that the farther eastward the faster the time, and, 
the farther westward, the slower ; so that a steamer 
of ordinary speed loses about half an hour per day 
of the running time with which she is charged, in 
going eastward, and gains a corresponding amount 
of time in going westward. 



BELL TIME AT SEA. 



41 



Commencing the day at sea, with the half-hour 
succeeding midnight, the following explanation of 
the "bells" {i. e., strokes of the lell) will be found 
easily understood and quite sufficient for practical 
use, if one aid to the memory is employed — the recol- 
lection that the odd numbers of strokes are always 
half-hours, that the even numbers are always hours, 
and that those hours which can be divided by 4 are 
always represented by numbers which can also be di- 
vided by 4. 



1 bell }4 o'clock, a.m 



2 bells 

3 " 

4 " 

5 " 

6 " 

8 " 
1 bell 



1 

1>6 
2 

3 

4 

4>^ 



2 bells 5 



6 

7 



1 bell ^}4 

2 bells 9 



10 

11 

12 



1 bell ^ o'clock, P.M. 

2 bells 1 

3 " IVz 

4 " 2 

5 " 2X 

6 '' 3 

7 " ^Vz 

8 " 4 

1 " 41/2 

2 " 5 

3 " 5X 

4 " 6 

1* bell 6X 

2 bells 7 

3 " IV2 

4 
1 

2 bells 9' 

3 " 9^2 

4 " 10 

R " 10>^ 

6 " 11 

7 " llj^ 

8 " 12 midnight. 



bell 
bells 



* Prom 4 p. M. to 8 P. m. instead of presenting an unbroken succes- 
sion of bells from 1 to 8, is divided into two "Dog Watches" — 4 to 6 
(" first dog-watch") and 6 to 8 (" second dog-watch")— in order to pre- 
vent the larboard and starboard watches of sailors being on duty 
during the same hours, one day after another — as they would be if they 
were continually and only changed once every four hours. 



NEW YORK CITY, HARBOR AND SUBURBS. 

APPROACH AND HARBOR. 

Land is generally made, approaching the harbor of 
New York, fi'om any vessel coming down the " Great 
Circle," at some point on the Long Island coast, at star- 
board or right of the ship ; and the time may be any- 
where from four to ten hours (in clear weather) before 
crossing the bar at Sandy Hook, the entrance of the ' 
Lower Bay of New York. After first sighting, this 
land will keep in sight — low and uninteresting, the 
course of the vessel being nearly parallel with the shore, 
and at a few miles distance. Pilots are taken on board 
fi'om small schooners, at distances varying from a few 
miles from the coast to two or even three hundred — as 
disasters from want of pilotage off this port, many 
years ago, have induced much activity and competition, 
of late years. 

Two to three hours from Sandy Hook, for ships 
coming down the Long Island coast, and as a first 
sight for those crossing from the south, are made the 
Highlands of Navesink, fine bold headlands approach- 
ing the sea, and foiming one point of the eastern coast 
of New Jersey. These hills show to excellent advan- 
tage on a nearer approach, and are very imposing when 
the Bar at Sandy Hook is being crossed, two square- 
tower lighthouses showing on the Highlands, behind the 



2^EW YORK CITY. 43 

long, low point of wooded sand forming the Hook, on 
which are to be seen one light-house and two beacons, 
with a formidable line of Government fortifications in 
progress, near the outer or northern end, very near to 
which the ship necessarily passes the channel. 

Passing the Bar and running up the Lower Bay, the 
New Jersey Highlands continue ahead and to the left, 
sloping away towards Long Branch a few miles south- 
ward ; on the right continues Long Island, with the 
still lower and sandier Coney Island adjoining it in 
front ; still ahead and to the left rise the hills of Stolen 
Island, with an opening between it and Long Island 
marking the Narrows, through which entrance is made 
from the Lower or Raritan Bay into the Upper or Bay 
of New York proper. 

At the left, four or five miles below the Narrows, is 
passed (if there is no occasion to make its nearer 
acquaintance) the New York Quarantine — a range of 
low buildings on an artificial island built within the last 
few years on a shoal known as the West Bank of Romer. 
Passing the Narrows, the fine fortification to the right, 
on Long Island, is Fort Hamilton, with the rains of the 
once celebrated Fort Lafayette standing in the water at 
some distance below it — while to the left rises the corre- 
sponding bluff of Staten Island, crowned with a light- 
house and fortifications, with a strong new structure, 
Fort Bichmond, standing below at near the water^s edge. 

The view of New York Bay, after passing the Nar- 
rows, is considered one of the finest of its character in 
the world, and should never be lost by the traveler 



U SHORT-TBIP GUIDE. 

enjoying the opportunity for the first time. On the 
right, passing up, will be observed the Long Island 
shore, handsomely shaded, and dotted with the residences 
of well-to-do citizens or suburbans ; and on the left 
Staten Island presents much higher ground, landings 
and thiiving villages near the shore, and the sides of the 
hills in like manner well shaded and dotted with tasteful 
residences. Some six miles above the Narrows, at the 
immediate right, the monuments of Greenwood Cemetery 
may be seen covering and crowning one of the Long 
Island hills near the shore ; still to the right, but ahead, 
the City of Brooklyn shows its many spires and wilder- 
ness of buildings \ immediately ahead rises Governor'' s 
Island, with its round fort, Cadle William, and its long 
ranges of barracks and officers'-quarters ; and as Gover- 
nor's Island is passed, still directly ahead, the - City of 
Neic York is seen, stretching right and left, from its 
lowest point at the Battery, up the East and Xorth 
Rivers (l^ong Island Sound and the Hudson), each line 
showing a perfect forest of the masts of shipping, and 
the marked deficiency of commanding spires partially 
relieved by the nearness and grace of that of Trinity 
Church. 

Prom this point, which best reveals the splendor of 
New York Harbor, Brooklyn lies a little behind, at the 
right ; Staten Island has fallen away to a much greater 
distance behind and at the left ; the Hudson River 
stretches northward, immediately ahead, Long Island 
Sound branching away eastward at an acute angle ; the 
other two islands of the harbor, so far unnamed, Bedloe^s 



WMW YORK CITY, 45 

and Elli^\ lie at some distance to the left ; and behind 
them, to the left and ahead, on the west or New Jersey 
side of the river, may be prominently seen the towns of 
Jersey City and Hoboken, continual high lands rising up- 
river from the latter, along the Hudson, towards Fort 
Lee and the Palisades. 

It is also at this point that the traveler visiting the 
New World for the first time from the Old, will find one 
of the most marked of sensations in observing not only 
the immense variety of shipping and the flags of all 
nations at the wharves and in the stream; but the many 
particulars in which the American river and ferry craft 
differ from those of any other nation — the prevailing 
color being white, and both strength and grace often 
sacrificed to speed and temporary convenience. 

NEW YOEK CITY AXD BROOKLYN. 

As will already have been observed, the City of 
New York lies at the junction of the North or Hudson 
River and Long Island Sound (familiarly called the 
East River), having thus the best of opportunities for 
cleanhness and health, which are by no means always 
embraced with due diligence and faithfulness — the city 
being always ineffectually cleaned, in comparison with 
the cost to the people, and often disgracefully dirty. In 
effect, Brooklyn, immediately opposite on the southeast, 
and connected with it by half-a dozen or mpre well- 
managed steam-ferries, is a part of the same city, though 
lying in another county, and bearing a different name ; 
while nearly the same may be said of both Jersey City 



46 SHOBT-TRIP GUIDE, 

and Iloboken, on the New Jersey shore, and reached Id 
the same manner by ferry. 

Before proceeding to explore the city or suburbs^ 
it should be noted that carriage-service in New York is 
very high and very bad ; cab-service better and improv- 
ing, though by nr means up to the European standard — 
so that the first should be almost entirely avoided, and 
the latter much oftener foregone in favor of the public 
conveyances than they would be in any city of the Old 
World. The ferries should be used freely, not only for 
necessary crossings, but as an additional means of study- 
ing the topography of the harbor, and the excellence of 
the system. For most directions the street horse-cars 
run regularly and well, and are comfortable, except at 
morning and evening hours, bringing too great crowds ; 
and, on Broadway, the omnibuses are available and 
respectable. 

Of Streets, the best worth noting is Broadway, which 
should be driven, in open carriage if convenient, from its 
commencement at the Battery (harbor-side) to its virtual 
termination at IJnion Square, many of the best commer- 
cial buildings being thus seen. Thence Fifth Avenue 
should be taken, to the Central Park, a view being thus 
caught of the finest fashionable street in America, and 
one of the handsomest in the world, though very irregular 
in architecture. Much of the leading fashion of the city 
may be found gathered in the streets running out from 
Fifth Avenue, from Fourteenth to Sixtieth streets — no- 
tably on Twenty-third, Forty-second and other wide 
streets. The Bowery may be noted as the people's or 



WEW YORK CITY. 47 

east-side Broadway. Greerwich street will be found fill- 
ing a somewhat similar position on the west side ; Third, 
Sixth and Eighth Avenues may be taken as fair types of 
prosperous commonalty and bustle ; West street (Hudson 
River side) will be found to supply a jam quite worthy of 
the Strand at its worst hours ; and still further down 
town, Wall street, Broad and New streets command at- 
tention as the centers of the moneyed interest. In 
Brooklyn, the most notable streets are Montague and 
Clinton, for fashion ; Fulton, Court and Atlantic streets. 
Myrtle Avenue, &c., for business activity ; Third streets- 
Union sti^eet, Fourth Avenue, &c., as drives ; Clinton^ 
Washington, Bedford, Grand and other Avenues, for 
suburban beauty. 

Of Wharves, New York has none that are not thor- 
oughly contemptible, though there is promise of this de- 
fault being gradually remedied, under new arrangements 
employing the talent of General McClellan and other en- 
ghieers. Of Markets, few that are not disgraces as to 
erection and keeping — the best exception being Tompkins 
Market, at Third Avenue and Seventh street ; though 
none in the world have more variety as to supply, than 
Washington Market, foot of Vesey street, Hudson River 
side, and Fulton Market, foot of Fulton street, on the 
East side. Of Museums, none except that at Central 
Park, and the small but unique collection at Brooklyn 
Nnvy Yard. Of Libraries — the Astor, an inconvenient 
and overrated humbug ; the Mercantile, for merchants ; 
the Society ; and one or two minor ones of little conse- 
quence. Of Public Galleries, none but the somewhat 



48 anOBT-TBIP GUIDE. 

extensive ones of the picture-dealers, Schaus, Broadway •, 
Knoedler, and Somerville, Fifth Avenue, &c., except 
during annual exhibitions of the Academy of Design ; 
though some arrangements are in progress for a perma- 
nent free gallery, of merit and importance, and the Private 
Galleries of Messrs. A. T. Stewart, John Taylor John- 
son, W. T. Blodgett, Aspinwall and others, are very cred- 
itable and sometimes exhibited to the public. Large 
collections of national and celebrity portraits are to be 
seen in the great photograph galleries of Brady and 
Fredericks, Broadway; Gurney, Y\ii\i Avenue, &c. Of 
Hospitals, only the inconvenient Bellevue, at Twenty- 
sixth street and East River, since the cruel demolition of 
the New York, Broadway and Duane street j St. Luk^s 
(a comparatively private benevolence) ; St. Vincents, and 
one or two minor ones of little consequence. 

Of Educational Institutions and the structures con- 
nected, the following are most notable : Golumbia Col- 
lege, (an institution of moderate age but reputation and 
uf5efulness, and with Law and Mining Schools attached) 
East Forty-ninth street ; New York University (colle- 
giate, but making no pretence to fill the European use of 
that word), Washington Square ; New York College 
(formerly the New York Free Academy), Twenty-third 
street and Lexington Avenue ; College of Physicians 
and Surgeons, East Twenty-third street and Fourth 
Avenue ; University Medical College, Worth street ; 
Rutgers Female College, Fifth Avenue ; Union Theolo- 
gical Seminary, University Place ; New York Law In- 
stituie, Chambers street ; Protestant Episcopal Theologi- 



WEW YORK CITY. 49 

ccd Seminary, new Normal College, &c., &c. In con- 
nection with educational facilities it should be added, that 
the Common Schools of the City of New York are the 
best in the world, free to all, numerously attended, and 
worth observation by any visitor. 

Of Monuments, New York has as follows : In Central 
Park Shakspeare (statue), Humboldt, Schiller, &c. In 
Union Square, equestrian statue of Washington, by 
Browne, and statue of Lincoln. In Madison Square, 
monument obelisk to Gen. Worth. In Trinity Church- 
yard, Martyrs' Memorial (handsome Gothic structure in 
honor of revolutionary patriots who died on the prison- 
ships) ; monument to Captain Lawrence, who fell on the 
Chesapeake ; and horizontal slab over the remains of the 
heroine of the romance of the same name, Charlotte 
Temple. In St. Paul's Churchyard, shaft to Robert Em- 
mett, the Irish patriot ; monument to Gen. Montgomery ; 
one (back of church) to George Frederick Cooke, the 
actor. In Printing House Square, bronze statue of 
Franklin, presented to the Printers of New York by 
Capt. Albert De Groot. 

Of Antiquities, the city may be said to have literally 
none, the hand cf "improvement" having lately been 
very busy with the few remauiing. The two most inter- 
esting old buildings eyisting, are the Old Walton House, 
Pearl street, most fashionable residence of the past cen- 
tury, now decayed ; and the Washington Hotel, Broadway 
and Battery Place, once the residence of Gen. Washing- 
ton, of Sir Guy Carleton, &c. 

Of Churches few command any attention architectur- 



5b 8H0RT-TBIP GUIDE. 

ally, though there is no deficiency as to number. The 
two oldest are the North Dutch, Fulton and William 
streets, now about being demolished, and the Middle 
Dutch, used as a prison by the British during the War 
of the Revolution, and now the city Post Office — Nassau, 
Liberty and Cedar streets. St. PauVs, Broadway 
(where the pew of General Washington, when President, 
still remains), and St. John^s, Varick street, best deserve 
present notice, from age and unpretending grace ; and 
Trinity, Broadway, as the most respectable finished 
Gothic erection on the Continent — though St. FatricFs 
Cathedral, Fifth Avenue and Fiftieth street, will event- 
ually dwarf it and all others. Those remaining, best re- 
paying visits of curiosity, are St. George's, Rutherford 
Place ; Grace, Church, Broadway ; St. Paul's, and All 
Souls, Fourth Avenue ; St. Thomas', Fifth Avenue ; 
Holy Trinity, Madison Avenue ; St. Marie's (old) Stuyve- 
sant street ; the Tabernacle, Sixth Avenue ; St. Stephen's, 
Twenty-eighth street ; Dr. Ghapin's, Fifth Avenue. In 
Brooklyn (named, from their numbers, the " City of 
Churches)", the most notable are the Holy Trinity and 
St. Ann's-on-the-Heights, both on Clinton street ; Dr 
Eddy's, Pierrepont street ; Church of the Pilgrimb, 
Henry street. 

Of Public Buildings the most interesting, from one 
cause or another, will be found the City Hall, City Hall 
Park (with a collection of civic and heroic portraits of 
some interest, in the " Governor's Room ") ; the New 
Court House (unfinished, but with many handsome rooms) 
same place ; the City Prison (" Tombs "), Centre street; 



NEW YORK CITY. 51 

the Custom Mouse and Sub-Tr^easury, Wall street ; the 
Cooper Institute, junction of Third and Fourth Avenues ; 
the Bible House, opposite the preceding, above ; the 
Academy of Music, Fourteenth street ; the Academy 
of Design and Christian Association buildings, Fourth 
Avenue and Twenty-third street ; Booth^s Theater, 
Twenty-third street ; the Grand Opera House, Eighth 
Avenue ; Tammany Hall, Fourteenth street ; the Cen- 
tral Police Station, Mulberry street ; Hudson River Rail- 
road Freight Z^epo^, Hudson street (with colossal bronze of 
much oddity and a singular merit, on the principal front, 
in honor of Cornelius Yanderbilt) ; New Grand Cen- 
tral Depot of the Harlem, Hudson River and New 
Haven Kaikoads, Fourth Avenue and Forty-second 
street ; new Post Office (building), lower end of City 
Hall Park ; Methodist Book Concern, Broadway and 
Eleventh street ; Masonic Hall, (buildmg), Twenty- 
third street and Sixth Avenue ; Stock Exchange (new) 
Broad street ; Produce Exchange, Whitehall street. In 
Brooklyn, the City Hall and County Court House, 
Court and Fulton streets ; Academy of Music, Monta- 
gue street ; Mercantile Library, and Academy of De- 
sign (new) same street ; Athenemn Atlantic street, etc. 
New York has many Commercial Buildings of great 
cost and splendor — no other city in the world having 
more of what may be designated as " palaces," devoted 
to money or trade. The lead is taken among purely fi- 
nancial buildings, by the Park Bank, Broadway. No 
less than three structures devoted to Life Assurance com- 
mand much attention — those of the Equitable Society, at 
Broadway and Cedar street ; of the Mutual Company, 



62 SHOBT-TBIP GUIDE. 

Broadway and Liberty street ; and of the New York 
Company, Broadway and Leonard street ; while several 
other Banks and Insurance Buildings, recently erected, 
on Broadway, Wall street, Nassau street, William 
street. Pine street, &c., deserve only less attention. The 
most prominent among what are known as the " business 
palaces,^' are those of A. T. Stewart, Broadway and 
Chambers street, and Broadway and Ninth street ; of 
Lord S Taylor, Broadway and Grand street, and Broad- 
way and Twentieth street ; of Arnold & Constable, 
Broadway and Nineteenth street ; of Tiffany, Union 
Square and Fifteenth street; of Ball (& Black, Broadway 
and Prince street ; of the Waltham Watch Company, 
Bond street ; of Appletons, Broadway ; of Brooks Broth< 
ers, (old "Maison Doree") Union Square, &c. 

There are many Private Dwellings of great cost, splen- 
dor, and varying architectural taste, on Fifth Avenue and 
the more fashionable streets on Murray Hill ; the first 
among them being the recently completed palace of 3Ir. A. 
T Stewart, at Fifth Avenue and Thirty-fourth street, of 
which the details, without and within, are of the most 
lavish magnificence, while the picture collection em- 
braces Church's " Niagara," Rosa Bonheur's " Horse 
Fair," Yvon's " America," Dubufe's " Prodigal Son," &c. 
Those of Mr. George Opdyke, Fifth Avenue and Forty- 
seventh street ; Mr. William M. Tweed, Fifth Avenue 
and Forty-third street ; Mr. Wm. H. Vanderbilt, Fifth 
Avenue and Fortieth street ; Messrs. Phelps, Dodge, and 
Phelps, Madison Avenue, Thu*ty-sixth and Thbty-seventh 
streets ; Sig. Barreda, Madison Avenue and Twenty-fifth 



]Sr£!W YORK CITY. 53 

street — all deserve attention for costly elegance. Of 
Club Houses, the three most prominent are the Union, 
Fifth Avenue ; the Union League, Madison Avenue ; and 
the Manhattan, Fifth Avenue. 

Of Hotel Buildings, (also Hotels) New York has 
many of great size and fine architecture ; prominent 
among them being the Gilsey House, Broadway and 
Twenty-ninth street ; the Fifth Avenue, Broadway and 
Twenty-fourth street ; the Grand Hotel, Broadway and 
Thirtieth street ; the ^S'^. Cloud, Broadway and Forty- 
second street ; the Metropolitan, Broadway and Prince 
street ; the Sturtevant, Broadway and Twenty-eight 
street ; the St. James, Broadway and Twenty-sixth street; 
the Westmoreland, Union Place ; the Coleman, Broad- 
way and Twenty-seventh street ; i\iQ Westminster, Irving 
Place ; the Grand Central, Broadway opposite Bond 
street ; the Everett House, Union Square ; the St. 
Nicholas, Broadway and Spring street ; the Astor House, 
Broadway and Yesey street ; the Brevoort, Fifth Ave- 
nue ; the New York, Broadway and Fourth street ; 
Western and Merchants^ (both mercantile) Cortlandt 
street ; &c. In Brooklyn, the Pierrepont House, Mon- 
tague street, and the Mansion House, Hicks street. 
Three Newspaper Offices of mark are to be noticed in 
New York, that of the Herald, at Broadway and Ann 
street ; and those of the Times and the Staats Zeitung, 
at Printing House Square. 

The principal Theaters of New York City proper are 
WallacTds, Broadway and Thirteenth street ; the Olym- 
pic, Broadway near Bleecker street ; Nihld's, Broadway 
near Prince street ; Booths, Twenty-third street and 



54 8E0BT-TRIP OUIBE. 

Sixth Avenue ; the Grand Opera House, Eighth Avenne 
and Twenty-third street; Daly's New Fifth AvenuBj 
Broadway at Waverley Place ; Wood^s Museum, Broad- 
way and Thirtieth street ; Union Square Theater, Union 
Square; and the Bowery, on the street of that name. 
Opera Houses, the Academy of Music, Fourteenth street, 
and occasionally the Grand Opera House. Ethiopian Min- 
strel House, Bryanfs Opera House, Twenty-third street. 
Brooklyn has several excellent places of amusement, in 
the Academy of Music, Montague street ; Brooklyn 
deafer, Washington street ; Fark Theater, Fulton street, 
HooJefs Opera Housed Court street, etc. 

Most popular Churches (for service) Trinity, Broad- 
way (Episcopalian); Grace, Broadway and Tenth street 
(Episcopalian) ; the Tabernacle, Sixth Avenue and 
Thirty-fourth street (Cong.) ; Dr. Chapin^s, Fifth Ave- 
nue and Forty-fifth street (Univ.) ; St. Thomas\ Fifth Ave- 
nue (Epis.); Dr. :r?/ngf's, Rutherford Place (Epis.) ; Fifth 
Avenue, Fifth Avenue and Nineteenth street (Pres.); 
St. Faid's, Fourth Avenue and Twenty second street 
(Methodist Epis.) ; and in Brooklyn, Plymouth (Rev. 
Henry Ward Beecher's) Orange street (Cong.) ; St 
Ann's-on-the-Heights and the Holy Trinity (Epis.) both 
on CUnton street ; First Baptist, Nassau street ; Dr. 
Talmadgeh Tabernacle, (lately destroyed). Present 
Cathohc Cathedral, in New York, St. Patrick's, Mul- 
berry and Houston streets ; with other leading Catholic 
Churches, St. Stephen^s, Twenty-eighth street near Third 
Avenue (noted for fine music), and St. Francis Xaviefs, 
Sixteenth street, near Fifth Avenue. 



NBW YOBK CITY. 66 

Public Grounds — Central Parh, (see "Excursions," 
following); Washington, Madison and Union Squares, 
and Battery and City Rail Parks, most of limited dimen- 
sions, but all assuming attractive shapes, and most of them 
being provided with music on certain evenings of the week, 
during the warm season ; and Jone^ Wood, lying on the 
eastern side of the Island, on the river, opposite the lower 
end of the Central Park, with fine woods in and around, 
and famous as a place for great out-door gatherings, in- 
cluding the German and Irish festivals and the Scottish 
annual games ; Jerome Park, Westchester (also see " Ex- 
cursions"); and in Brooklyn, Prospect Park, (also see 
" Excursions ") Prospect Park Fair Grounds, Lefferts 
Park, &c. 

Principal Ferries : To Brooklyn, from foot Fulton 
street, foot Wall street, foot Catharine street, Peck Slip, 
foot Whitehall street ; to Jersey City (and Cunard Docks, 
and Pennsylvania Railroad), foot Cortlandt street and 
foot Desbrosses street; to Gommunipaw (and New 
Jersey Central Railroad), foot Liberty street; to ^060- 
ken (and Bremen and Hamburg steamers, and Morris 
and Essex Railroad), foot Barclay street and foot Chris- 
topher street ; to Pavonia (and White Star steamships 
and Erie Railway), foot Chambers street and foot Twenty- 
third street ; to Staten Island, foot Whitehall street and 
foot Dey street; to Hunter^s Point (and Long Island 
Railroad), James Slip and foot Thirty-fourth street. 

Other objects of interest to those making longer so- 
journ : the East River Bridge, now building between 
New York and Brooklyn, and promising to be one of the 
master-Avorks of its class in the world ; the Pneumatic 



58 8H0BT-TBIP GUIDE. 

Tunnel, commencement of subterranean travel in tne 
city, to be seen at Broadway and Warren street ; Gov- 
ernor's Island, head-quarters of the mihtary department; 
the Navy Yard, Brooklyn ; the Penal and Charitable 
Institutions on BlackweWs, BandaWs and Ward's Islands 
(under control of Commissioners of Charities and Correc- 
tion — ^building, Third Avenue and Eleventh street) ; and 
a variety of Asylums for Orphans and the afflicted. 

SUBUEBS, DEIVES AND EXCURSIONS. 

Of Drives and Short Excursions, (by carriage) the 
first favorite is that to the 

Central Park, a large and admirable public ground, 
occupying nearly the centre of the Island, extending in 
width from Fifth to Eighth Avenues, and in length from 
Fifty-ninth to One Hundred and Tenth street, handsome- 
ly laid out, shaded and ornamented, with fine roads and 
costly bridges, and lacking only age to be equal to any 
pubUc ground in Europe. It has a Lake, with boats 
(service) ; a Museum, with Zoological collection and 
many other cariosities ; a Casino, on the European plan; 
Public Carriages, making the round of the Park at 
short intervals, for trifling fare ; Statues of Shakspeare, 
Humboldt, Schiller, Professor Morse, Sir Walter Scott, 
etc. i, statuary groups of the " Hunter and his Dog," 
" Auld Lang Syne;" and presents the feature of music 
by a fine band every Saturday afternoon during the warm 
season, attracting immense concourses of people. In connec- 
tion are also to be seen the Croton Receiving Beservoirs,. 
alleged to be of size enough, aud to contain water enough, 



NEW YOEK CITY 57 

to float the navies of the world. [Central Park may also 
be reached from the City Hall, by horse-cars on the Belt 
railways (along either river), on the Third and Madison 
Avenues, Broadway, Sixth, Seventh and Eighth Avenues.] 
Beyond, the drive by carriage is often and profitably ex- 
tended to the Harlem and Bloomingdale Boads, or to 
High Bridge, an aqueduct bridge over the Harlem river, 
of great height and solidity ; or to Jerome Park, new 
and handsome trotting an^ racing ground of the Ameri- 
can Jockey Club, beyond the Harlem River, in Westches- 
ter. Another scarcely less fashionable drive is to 

Prospect Park, the new but very handsome public 
ground of Brooklyn, which bids fair to rival if not to ex- 
cel the Central, has a Lake, a Dairy Cottage and Barn, 
a fine stretch of natural forest, an elevated drive with 
commanding view, statues of President Lincoln (at en- 
trance), Washmgton Irving, &c. Music by a fine band, 
Saturday afternoons. [May also be reached from New 
York by Fulton ferry and by horse-cars of Flatbush 
Avenue line.] Near Prospect Park is to be visited 

Greenwood Cemetery, one of the largest and hand- 
somest Cities of the Dead on the globe, with lakes, 
rising grounds, fine shades, costly monuments, and all the 
other melancholy attractions possible to be flung around 
places of burial. Among the leading features are the 
handsome sculptured Entrance Way ; the Firemen's, 
Pilots', Old Sea Captain's, Cauda, Scribner, J. G. Ben- 
nett and McDonald Clarke monuments ; the tombs of 
William E. Burton, the comedian, Lola Montez (with 
inscription, "Eliza Gilbert") Crawford Livingston, &c.' 



58 8E0BT-TBIP GUIDE. 

the vaults of Stephen Whitney, William Niblo, &c. Most 
beautiful point, that at and around "Sylvan Water;" 
finest views, those from " Ocean Hill" and "Battle Hill." 
[May also be reached from New York by Fulton ferry 
and horse-cars of the Greenwood or Fifth Avenue lines.] 
Beyond Greenwood and Prospect Park, the same drive 
may be profitably extended to Prospect Park Race 
Course, and to 

Coney Island, f^^Q sea-beach, with excellent bathing 
and somewhat miscellaneous attendance, and not too 
eclectic in its general character. [May also be reached 
from New York by Fulton ferry, and by Smith and Jay 
street horse-cars, or by either of the horse-car lines to 
Greenwood, thence by steam to the beach.] 

Other Short Excursions will be those to the Brooklyn 
Navy Yard, with extensive Dry Dock, Museum of marine 
curiosities, and much of general interest ; to Fort Hamil- 
ton, at the Narrows, junction of the Upper and Lower. 
Bays, with fortifications and very fine sea-view [drive, or 
may be reached by Fulton or Hamilton ferry, and horse- 
cars] ; to Evergreen Cemetery, East New York [drive, 
or Fulton ferry and Fulton Avenue horse-cars] ; to Roch- 
away Beach [boat and railroad, from James Slip or 
Thirty-fourth street, and Hunter's Point; or, horse-cars 
to East New York, steam-cars to Ganarsie and boat to 
beach ; or, daily excursion boat from New York] ; 
to Hohoken, great base-ball and cricket grounds, and 
favorite German resort, across the Hudson, in New Jer- 
sey [ferry from Barclay street] ; to Bergen Point, [drive 
or hoT«e-car from Jersey City, or train on New Jersey 
Ceairal Railroad, from foot Liberty street] ; to Paterson 



I^EW YORK CITY, 59 

and Passaic Falls [train on Erie Railway, foot Chambers 
or Twenty-third street : see route North by Erie Rail- 
way] ; to Newark, largest and most thriving city in New 
Jersey [train on New Jersey Railroad, foot of Cortland 
street ; or Newark and New York Railroad, foot Liberty 
street : see route New York to Philadelphia] ; to Eliza- 
heth, New Jersey [train on New Jersey railroad, foot 
Cortland street, or New Jersey Central, foot Liberty 
street] ; to Staten Island^ {New Brighton and other pop- 
ular resorts) [ferries from Battery and from foot Day 
street]; &e. 

Longer Excursions of interest, conveniently made from 
New York, those to (1) 

Long Branch, great sea-shore resort on the New Jer- 
sey coast, with several miles of fine bluff, bold surf-bath- 
ing, adnured sea-view, splendid drives and excursions, and 
an immense number of summer hotels, capable of accom- 
modating fifteen to twenty thousand visitors (among the 
principal the Ocean House, West End, Mansion House, 
United States, Metropolitan, Howland, Pavilion, &c.), 
and a present popularity making it the most generally 
sought and notable place on the American sea coast. It 
supplies the summer residence of President Grant, and 
has many cottages of the wealthy. Near it are Eaton- 
town (with Monmouth Park Pace Ground in the imme- 
diate neighborhood). Bed Bank, Deal, and other villages 
of New Jersey. [Reached by boats of the New Jersey 
Southern Railroad, to Sandy Hook (with government 
fortifications and entrance to the Lower Bay); thence 
raO, by the Highlands of Navesink (fine elevation, with 



60 SHOBT-TBIP GUIDE. 

splendid sea-air and view, and summer-boarding place of 
merit and popularity — hotels, Thompson's, Schenck^s,) Sea- 
hright, &c., [the whole distance within sight of the sea.] 
[From Long Branch railway connection to Freehold, and 
thence to Trenton and other cities of West New Jersf^y ; 
or train may be taken for Manchester, Tom's River, and 
towns of IsTew Jersey further southward ; to Atlantic 
City or Philadelphia.] To (2) 

Lake Mahopac, pleasant and very popular minor 
watering-place, with handsome quiet wooded scenery, 
islands, fine boating, sailing, fishing and other attractions. 
Reached by Harlem Railroad, in a few hours, through 
the very fine scenery of that line, at the lower edge of 
the Hudson Highlands. Hotels, Gregory House, Baldwin 
House, &c. To (3) 

Schooley's Mountain, [Heath House) mineral springs 
and popular summer-resort, with fine air and charming 
scenery, in the minor mountains of New Jersey; reached 
by the Morris and Essex Railroad, from foot of Barclay 
street, by Morristoion, one of the handsomest towns and 
most popular residences in the State, to Hackettstown, 
whence short ride by stage-coach. Also, Budd^s Lake, 
within a few miles of the preceding, and reached by same 
Conveyances — with many attractions of boating, fishing, 
&c. Also, Lake Hopatcong, with similar attractions to 
the plaoi3 last named, reached by the same railroad to 
Stanhope or Dover, thence carriage or boat to destina- 
tion. To (4) 

Delaware Water Gap, [Kittatinny House), lying, as 
the name indicates, at one of the finest passes of the Up- 



NBW YOBK CITY, 61 

per Delaware, through and among the mountains dividing 
PennsylYania and New Jersey, and with superb mountain 
and river scenery, pure and healthful air, and much popu- 
larity as a place of summer resort. Has many features 
of especial woodland beauty, in Bebecca/s Well, Venuii 
Bath and Eureka Falls, views from Prospect Bock, Foa. 
Hill, &c. [From the Water Gap, continuing by rail, 
may be reached Stroudsburg and the Lackawanna Coal 
E-egions of Pennsylvania ; or, southward, Fasten, Phila- 
delphia, &c.] To (5) 

Greenport and Orient, minor watering-places at the 
east end of Long Island ; and to Jamaica and other 
places nearer. [Reached by Long Island Railroad.] Also, 
to Glen Gove, and other near places on that Island, by 
boat. To (6) 

West Point, by evening or morning boat or Hudson 
River railroad. (See route to West Pomt, Catskills, 
Albany, &c., Route No. 1.) 



ROUTE NO. 1 -NORTHERN. 

NEW YORK TO NIAGARA FALLS AKD CANADA, BY 

HUDSON" RIYER, NEW YORK CENTRAL 

RAILWAY AND CONNECTIONS. 

Division A. 

NEW YORK TO AND AT WEST POINT AND HUDSON 
HIGHLANDS. 

The transit from New York to West Point and the 
Highlands may be made in from two to four hours, 
by (1) Hudson River Railroad to G-arrison's, then 
ferry to West Point; or by (2) morning boat on the 
river, to West Point direct ; or (3) evening boat on 
the river, also direct. Either of the latter is prefer- 
able to the former, for reasons hereafter to be given. 

By Rail. 

Leaving New York by rail, on Hudson River 
Railroad, the first object of special interest, except 
the high lands at and about Fort Washington, stud- 
ded with fine residences, — is the crossing from 
New York island to the mainland of Westchester, at 
Kingsbridge or Spuyteiiduyvel ; and on the oppo- 
site or western side of the river, commence, at about 
the same point. 



BOUTE NO. l.—NORTHEBK 63 

The Palisades, immense almost perpendicular 
masses of rock, rising sheer from the river on that 
side, in shape suggesting the name, and continuing 
at various heights of hundreds of feet, for some ten 
miles, where they break away into rugged hills. 

Beyond Spuytenduyvel, the first place of impor- 
tance passed through is the handsome small town of 
Yo nicer s ; then Dohhs Ferry, with the long wharf of 
the Erie Eailway opposite, at Piermont, and a ferry 
between ; then Tarrytown (whei'e the laying over of 
a train may be well compensated in visiting " Sunny- 
side," the late residence of Washington Irving, the 
Major Andre Monument, &c., in the immediate 
neighborhood) ; then 8ing-Sing, with its strong 
State-prison buildings, and on the opposite bank of 
the river a view of the gorge running back to the 
celebrated Rochland Lake^ from which so much of 
the best ice is derived. After leaving Sing-Sing, 
very soon is cro^ssed the Croton River, from works 
on which and the lake of the same name, the New 
York supply of water is derived. Shortly after 
crossing the Croton, a mass of rocks, rising conically 
and crowned with a light-house, on the other or 
v/est side of the river, marks Stony Point, cele- 
brated for the reckless courage displayed in its 
capture by Gen. Wayne, during the Eevolutionary 
War. The next stopping-place of importance is 
Peehshill, on leaving which the 

Highlands of the Hudsok are entered, pre- 
senting their heavy and picturesque masses on both 



64 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

sides of the river, and enchanting the eye with the 
CGiitinnal changes, appearances and disappearances 
made inevitable by the course of the railway through 
them. The disembarkation from the railway is made 
at Garrison^ s Landing, whence ferry-boat and omni- 
bus to the Military Academy or one of the hotels at 
West Point. 

By Steamboat. 

Precisely the same features as those indicated by 
rail, will be enjoyed by boat, with the advantage of 
both sides of the river being seen in lieu of one, and 
the additional escaping of the noise inevitable in 
riding by rail along rocky passes. When entering 
the Highlands, however, the advantage of the boat 
is even more manifest, as there is scarcely a river or 
lake approach in the world, so magnificent as that 
through the Highlands proper, from Peek skill to 
West Point — fine as any one point of the Ehine, 
and forcibly reminding the tourist of the middle 
and upper portions of Loch Lomond, approaching 
and above Inversnaid. It is from boat on the river, 
especially, that the alternating wild beauty and rug- 
ged grandeur of the giants of the range, their feet at 
the very water's-edge, can best be appreciated. 

Morning boats, making this voyage, and then 
going on up the Hudson to Albany, leave New York 
every morning, at an early hour ; and evening boats, 
passing through the Highlands before nightfall, leave 
every afternoon. 

Disembarkation, from either, is made at Cozzens' 



ROUTE NO. \.- NORTHERN. 65 

or the Military Apademy docks at West Point; 
thence to the hotels by omnibus. 

At and near West Point. 

One of the principal attractions at West Point, 
consists in the admirable views which can be enjoyed 
either from Cozzens\ the fashionable hotel and sum- 
mer resort, on the high cliffs below the Military 
Academy, the Parry HousBy in tlie same vicinity, or 
the West Pointy above it, making quiet lounging a 
continued luxury. This is not true of one direction 
alone, but of all, the elevation being high and the 
reaches of the river, above and below, singularly 
beautiful. Of excursions, the most notable is to 

Old Fort Putnam, ruins, with some portions 
of solid wall remaining, lying on a hill westward 
from the Academy. This fort must always retain 
its interest, as the " Key of the Highlands*' during 
the Revolutionary War, and the scene of Arnold's 
intended treason. The views from it, in all di- 
rections, too, are the very finest to be enjoyed in any 
portion of tjie Highlands. An early visit will, of 
course, be paid to the 

United States Military Academy, which gives the 
place its peculiar importance, and which ranks 
among the first of military institutions, with some 
features of severity attracting peculiar attention. 
[Information as to modes and forms of visit- 
ing, can always be obtained at the leading hotels.] 
In connection with the Academy comes the in- 
teresting spectacle, 



j66 SHORT- trip GUIDE 

Parade of the Cadets (morning and evening)— 
which should not be missed — the evening especially* 
by any who desire to see the perpendicular in car- 
riage, the angular in motion, and the sharp in disci- 
pline. 

Pleasant excursions may also be made to Butter- 
milk Falls, in the neighborhood ; and across the 
river to Cold Spring^ and to the Robinson House^ 
standing four or five miles south from it^ where 
Arnold resided at the time of his treason. Near 
Cold Spring may also be seen U^idercliff) residence of 
the late Gen. Geo. P. Morris, the poet. 

Division B. 

WEST POIKT TO AND AT THE CATSKILL MOUNTAIN'S, 

Northward from West Point, by steamboat on the 
way towards Albany, from the wharf; or rail from 
Garrison's Station, opposite. Assuming that the 
boat will be taken, and remembering that if pro- 
ceeding by rail the variation of scene will be very 
slight— the following will -be the most important 
features, beyond West Point. Emerging from the 
Highlands proper, and passing "Cronest" and 
"Storm King," the largest hills of the range, 
and also Cornwall Landing on the left, with much 
beauty and picturesque scenery in the neighborhood 
(among other attractions, Idlewild, residence of the 
late N. P. Willis), and Fislihill Landing on the 
right, is shortly reached, on the left. 



ROUTE NO. I.— NORTHERN, G7 

Newburgh, very slopingly situated on the high 
bank, with large river-trade, an important railway 
connection westward to the Erie road, and one 
feature of great importance on the bluff below: 
Washington's Head- Quarters, a revolutionary relic 
of prominence, with many reminders of the hero 
and the struggle still preserved. Above Newburgh, 
though the river is fine, there is no feature of 
marked interest, until, at the right, is reached 

PouGHKEEPSiE, a large town with some pictur- 
esqueness of location, and a triple distinction com- 
pounded of its heavy river- trade in agricultural 
products, the manufacture of ale, and the proximity 
of the noted Vassar Female College. 

Within a few miles after leaving Poughkeepsic; 
the rough scenery is supplemented and completed 
by the breaking into view, far ahead and to the left^ 
of the 

CatsMll Mountain Range, which thenceforth 
scarcely leaves the eye of the tourist until arrival 
— so graceful is the outline, and so beautifully blue 
the general aspect. Minor landings of Hyde Parh, 
etc., are passed, to 

Rhinelech, on the right, where landing is made for 
Rondout and Kingston, on the opposite side (con- 
nection by ferry), and for 

The Overlook Mountain House, new but very pop. 
ular place of summer resort, at great height on the 
southern portion of the Oatskills, and commanding 
a most magnificent view, especially eastward and 



68 SHOBT-TEIP GUIDE. 

southward. Also with many attractive features in 
the neighborhood, in the DeviVs Kitchen, Cleft in the 
Bocks f Pulpit Bock, Overlook Gliff, &c. Also, at a lit- 
tle distance. Shoe Lake, a beautiful and attractive 
sheet of water. [Reached from Rhinebeck by ferry 
to Bondout, thence by rail to West Hurley ; thence 
by stage-coach, by the Sawkill Creek and Woodstock, 
to destination. May also be reached by evening 
boat, direct from New York to Eontlout, thence as 
before.] ^ 

Beyond Rhinebeck are passed Barrytown and 
other landings on the right, Maiden and others on 
the Lft, to 

CatsJcill Landing, point of disembarkation for the 
Mountains, and of crossing from Oak Hill Station, 
for those who have come up by the rail. Also, 
popular summer resort, at the Prospect Park House, 
immediately above, with fine grounds and admirable 
view; at the Powell House (posting-house for the 
mountains, on the wharf) &c. [Catskill Landing 
may alsp be reached by evening boat from New York 
direct, and direct connection made for the moun- 
tains.] 

From Catskill Landing by stage-coach, always in 
waiting for boats and trains, by Catskill Village, the 
Half' Way House, and a!: one -third distance of the 
ascent of the Mountains proper, the Eip Van- Winkle 
House, with a broad flat rock beside it, on which 
tradition alleges the sleep of Irving's hero to have 
taken place. Views over the Hudson Valley are very 
fine, before reaching the 



ROUTE NO. \.— NORTHERN. 69 

Catshill Mountain House, among the highest of 
all American places of eastern sojourn, and in many 
regards the superior of all others on the continent, as 
to situation. The view from the house, over the 
Hudson river and valley, is wonderfully extensive 
and beautiful ; and Sunrise, as seen from the piazza, 
is scarcely second to the same spectacle from the 
famous Swiss Ehigi. Of excursions, there are many 
and most pleasing. The most interesting (longer 
ones by carriage, always in readiness) follow. To 

Kautershill Falls, wild and romantic basin, with 
two cascades, of 180 and 80 feet, and picturesque in 
every aspect, above and below, besides being sur- 
rounded by wild and grand mountain and ravine 
scenery, and views of High PeaTc and Round Top, 
the two giants of the range, obtainable from different 
points. (The Laurel House, a popular place of so- 
journ, standing at near the verge of the falls, affords 
residence to the many who wish to study the splen- 
did scenery in this immediate neighborhood). To 
the Lalces, small sheets of water, lying in primeval 
wildness ; short walk from the Mountain House, or 
on the way to the Falls. Through the Clove, one of 
the most remarkable mountain clefts in the world, 
from Palensville towards Hunter, with views of the 
beautiful Fawn^s Leap Fall. To Plauterkill and 
Stony Cloves. To Parker's Ledge, overlooking the 
Clove. To Moses' and Sunset Rocks. To the tops 
of the South Mountain, North Mountain, etc. To 
the top of High Peak, laborious ascent, but with 
magnificent view, etc. 



70 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

Division C. 

CATSKILL MOUNTAINS TO AND AT ALBANY AN1> 

TKOY. 

Leave Oatskill by rail from Oak Hill Station; or 
by boat from New York from Catskill Landicg; 
making landing at 

Hudson, on the east side of the river, a large 
and thriving town, with considerable manufacturt-s. 
[Point of departure for Lebanon Springs and the 
Shaker Village connected with them; as also for 
Columbia Spri?igs ; both minor watering-places of 
salubrious situation and increasing popularity. 
Also, railway connection east for Boston.] From 
Hudson, through scenery much tamer than along 
the Lower Hudson — past Athens (whence there is a 
railway to Albany), GoxsacJcie, JVeio Baltimore, etc., 
on the left; and Stuyvesant, Kinderhooh (residence 
of the late President Martin Van Buren), Castleton, 
etc., on the right — to 

Albany, Capital of the State of New York, some- 
what picturesquely situated on rising ground, on the 
west bank of the Hudson, with Greenbush opposite; 
the river spanned by a rail way -bridge of recent 
erection and a certain celebrity on account of the 
opposition made to it by the residents of Troy, 
higher up the stream. It has great commercial 
importance, as the virtual head of sailing-vessel 
navigation northward ; as a heavy lumber and tim- 
ber depot ; and especially as the point at which the 



ROUTE NO. l.—NORTEEBK 71 

immense carrying-trade of the Erie and Champlain 
Canals enters the Hudson. 

The buildings best worth a visit and observation 
are the Capitol (soon to be replaced by a much finer 
erection), with the Senate and Assembly Chambers 
(legislative sessions from 1st January to 1st April) ; 
the State Library, adjoining ; the State House, with 
government offices ; the Dudley Observatory, rapidly 
assuming position as one of the first institutions of 
the kind in the country; the State Arsenal; the 
Univei'S'ity ; the Medical College (with Museum) . 
the City Hall ; State Normal Scliool, &c. Eides 
from Albany are many and attractive — especially t6 
the Cemetery (one of the handsomest in the State), 
to Colioes Falls, Lansinglurgh, and other handsome 
and thriving villages at practicable distance, and to 
some one of the Sliaher Villages lying northward — 
at the latter of which (as at Lebanon), the most odd 
and peculiar of all forms of worship may be encoun- 
tered. Leading hotels at Albany, the Delavan, Stan- 
wix Hall, Congress Hall, &c. 

From Albany, by street-car, omnibus or boat to 
Teoy, some eight miles up the rapidly-diminishing 
river from the Capital, where will be found nearly a 
rival of the latter in size and population, its superior 
in beauty of location, and not only a flourishing 
town in general manufactures, but one of the most 
extensive lumber and timber depots in the world. 
It lies on both sides of the river — the eastern portion 
called by the common name, and the western, West 



73 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

Troy, There is much manufacturing, of various 
heavy kinds in both divisions, but especially in West 
Troy, where street-cars, stoves and oilcloths are 
among the principal articles, while at the Watervliet 
Arsenal (United States government) tlie founding 
of small arms and munitions of war is carried on 
very extensively. Troy has also additional promi- 
nence from the junction of the Northern, Western 
and Eastern lines of rail way, "here occurring; it has 
some churches of prominence {8t. John and 8t. 
Paul, the principal) — the Rensselaer Polytechnic In- 
stitute, and the Female Seminary, both popular in 
management and extensive in influence. Two slight 
eminences, near the town, bear the ridiculously 
classical names of Mt. Ida and Mt. Olympus ; and 
there are two pretty cemeteries — Oakwood and 
Mount Ida. From Troy, also, may be conveniently 
reached, by carriage or other conveyance, Oohoes, 
Lansingburgh, &c. 

Division D. 

NEW YOEK TO ALBAl^Y OR TROY BY NIGHT-BOAT. 

Those who have before made the passage of the 
Hudson from New York to Albany by daylight ; or 
those who intend to return by some day-route, and 
so do not wish to consume time or experience fatigue 
on the route northward before reaching Albany — will 
be able to make the transit, so far as the latter 
place, by night-steamers on the Hudson, leaving 



ROUTE NO. l.—NOBTHER]Sr. , 78 

New York at 6 P. M., finding luxurious accommoda- 
tion for eating and sleeping, on board, and reaching 
Albany or Troy at so early an hour in the morning 
as to ensure connection with the trains for either the 
Xnrthern, Western or Eastern routes. 

For this transit two lines present themselves : the 
People's Line (New Jersey Steamboat Company), in 
the very large and splendid boats of which the full 
luxury of American river-navigation is seen ; and 
the Citizens' Line (the Troy Citizens' Steamboat 
Company), displaying less splendor though supply- 
ing strong and efficient boats, and making a special- 
ty of reduced prices as compared with the People's 
Line. 

Going by either of these lines, in the long days of 
midsummer, a considerable portion of the scenery of 
the lower Hudson is passed through before the dis- 
appearance of daylight; and if time at or near the 
full moon can be chosen, the sail under such cir- 
cumbtances through the Hudson Highlands affords 
aspects of peculiar beauty not otherwise attainable. 

Division E. 

ALBANY OE TEOY TO AliTD AT TBENTON FALLS. 

The New York Central Kailroad will be taken at 
either Albany or Troy, bending westward, up the 
very handsome though narrow 

Valley of the Mohawh, considered one of the finest 
in America for tracts of quiet beauty in scenery; 



74 8E0BT-TEIP GUIDE. 

and often within sight of that wonderful enterprise 
in original construction and present capacity of con- 
veyance, the 

Erie Canal, which crosses the whole State b^^tween 
Lake Erie, at Buffalo, and the Hudson, at Albany ; 
— by 8climiectady , ,2u quiet little old town, principally 
celebrated as having been the scene of a dreadful 
conflagration and massacre by the Indians, during 
the Revolutionary War. [Railway branches here for 
Saratoga, Lake George, Lake Champlain and Mon- 
treal, for tliose who prefer.] From Schenectady, by 
minor stations oi Fonda ; Palatine Bridge \j^omtoi 
dist-mbarkation for Sharon S^^rings, reached hence 
by coach] ; Fort Plain [whence coach conveyance 
to Otsego Lake, Cooperstoivn (residence of the late 
Fenimore Cooper) and Cherry Valley] ; Little Falls 
(where particular attention is due to the wondrous 
river-and-rock scenery of the pass on the left) ; and 
Herkimer — to 

Utioa, one of the flourishing large towns of Cen- 
tral New York, and Capital of Oneida County. It 
is pleasantly situated on rising ground on the south 
side of the Mohawk River, and is surrounded by 
very fertile lands, from which proceeds, at the han Is 
of the Welsh and other r.-sidents, one of the principal 
cheese-manufactures of the country. The town siiiiids 
on the site of old Fort Schuyler, of Revolutionary 
fame; is an entrepot of both the 'New York Central 
Railroad and Erie Canal; and has a peculiar though 
melancholy attraction in the large and well-managed 



ROUTE NO. l.~NORTHEBN. 75 

State Lunatic Asyhim. Drives around Utica are 
numerous and excellent. Prominent hotels at Utica, 
Baggs' and the American, 

Lay over at Utica one day or more, and proceed, 
either by carriage direct, or by cars of the Utica and 
Black Eiver Railroad to South Trenton and thence 
by omnibus, to 

TsENTOiq' Falls, on West Canada Creek, branch 
of the Mohawk River — a series of cascades unexcelled 
in the world for picturesque beauty. The principal 
falls are five in number, successively, passing up the 
stream, the Sherman Fall, High Fall, Mill-Dam 
Fall, Alhamlra Fall and Rocky Heart, To appre- 
ciate and enjoy them thoroughly, the tourist needs 
to descend the bank, by stairway, to the rocky level 
at the bottom, as far as practicable, and pass up 
along the left bank, on an irregular line of shelf- 
path, easily found, and presenting little difficulty 
and no danger to the careful. The rock-strata of 
this remarkable gorge will excite mingled wonder 
and admiration, — as will the really unique collection 
of fossils and crystals found in the neigborhood and 
kept on view at Moore's Hotel, near the Falls. Re- 
turning from the extreme point reached, to below 
the Mill-Dam Fall, the stairway should be ascended, 
to the Rural Retreat, to view the High Fall from 
above — and way taken back to the Hotel through 
the fine woods. Return to Utica for pursuance of 
route northward. 



76 8H0BT-TBIP GUIDE. 

Division F. 

TEBNTON FALLS Ai^D UTIOA TO NIAGARA FALLS. 

Leave Utica by rail on New York Central Eail- 
road, to 

Rome, a thriving town, also on the Moluiwk 
River and the Erie Canal. [Here, those who w sh 
to proceed more directly to the St. Lawrence and 
Canada, may take Rome, Watertown and Ogdens- 
burgh Railroad, to Watertotun, for crossing to Kings- 
ton and the Grand Trunk Line in either direction — 
or to Ogdenshirgh, for crossing to Prescott and 
nearest route to 0= tawa]. Rome, continuing by New 
York Central, to 

Byracuse, large and flourishing town of Onon- 
daga County, at the junction of the Erie and Oswego 
Canals, with an immense production of salt from 
the Salt-wells, and the peculiar celebrity of having 
long been the favorite place for political conven- 
tions. It is pleasantly situated at the south end 
of Onondaga Lake. [Railway connection, hero, 
southward by the Syracuse and Bingham ton Rail- 
road, to BingJiamton and ihe Erie Railway; and 
northward to Oswego, on the shore of Lake Ontario, 
with steamer connection to Canadian ports and down 
the St. Lawrence. Branch line of the New York 
Central may also be taken, at Syracuse, diiect to 
Buffalo, by 

AuBURK, flourishing town on Caynga Lake, and 
capital of Cayuga County, where one of the New 



BOUTE NO. l.—NOBTHERN. 77 

York State Prisons is located, and where Secretary 
Seward lias long resided — by Cayuga, Geneva^ Can- 
andaigua (whence branch lines to Rochester and 
southward to the Erie Eailway at Elmird)^ Cale- 
donia, LeRoy and Batavia.'] 

By main line, from Syracuse, by Clyde, Lyons 
and Palmyra,^ to 

EocHESTER, on the Genesee Eiyer, one of the 
largest towns of Northern New York, and one of 
the most prosperous. It has a great natural curi- 
osity, in Genesee Falls, a single cataract of eminence, 
in jumping from which "Sam Patch," the leaper, 
lost his life, many years ago. Artificially, its lead- 
ing attractions are the great Erie Canal Aqueduct 
over the Genesee; the Rochester University and 
TJieological Seminary ; Mount Hope Cemetery ; St. 
Mhry's Hospital, etc. [Eailway connection south- 
ward to the Erie Eailway, at Corning; also by rail 
to Charlotte, on the lake shore, whence boats to all 
points on Lake Ontario]. Leading hotels, the Os- 
horn, Congress, Brackeit, &c. 

From Eochester, by New York Central, by Broch- 
port, Albion, Medi7ia, and Lochport (point of en- 
trance into the Erie Canal, from Lake Erie), to 
Niagara (village), and ^ 

Niagara Falls, first natural curiosity of America 
and admittedly among the firsr. in the world. 



78 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

Division G. 

AT AND ABOUT NIAGARA. 

Most students of geography, even those who have 
never traveled, know that the Falls of Niagara lie 
between the S'ate of New York, and Canada, and 
that they are formed by the rushing through the 
comparatively narrow pass of the Niagara Eiver, 
over a curved shelf of uneven rocks, of all the mighty 
mass of water going eastward from Lake Erie to 
Lake Ontario ; and to a smaller number of non. 
visitors are known the additional facts that the 
JSbrs^-Shoe Fall (Canadian side) is 1 800 feet across; 
that Goat Island, separating the two, is 500 feet in 
width ; that the American Fall is only 900 feet in 
width ; that the average depth of descent is esti- 
mated to be about 160 feet: and that the enormtus 
amount of 100,000,000 tons of water is believed to 
pass over the ledge every hour — nearly 1,500,000 
tons every minute, and about 25,000 tons every 
second or beat of the pulse ! Beyond this, no addi- 
tional statistics need be given, except that the banks 
of the river, below the falls, have a perpendicular 
height of about 180 feet, and that the mass of water, 
below, all the way to the Whirlpool, is compressed 
into an average space of about 480 feet of width. 

It is scarcely necessary to say that days of sojourn 
at the Falls are desirable, to see them in all their 
varying aspect and become fully acquainted with 
their beauty (often underrated) as well their gran- 



ROUTE NO. l.~NORTHEBN 70 

deur. The short- trip traveler, however, will be 
better served than otherwise, with a brief statement 
of the points of view most absolutely necessary and 
most conveniently attained. Of these are (1) that 

Over the Rajjids — view caught in passing from the 
neighborhood of the Cataract House, by the fragile- 
looking but perfectly-secure bridge, to Goat Island. 
It is doubtful whether the cataract itself is more im- 
pressive than this mad rush of waters, threatening to 
sweep away the beholder at any instant, and sug- 
gesting all the images of beautifnl rage and fury. (2), 

From Goat Island^ over the Canadian Fall, the 
Canada shore and the lower rapids — with the shape 
of the horseshoe fully defined, and the rainbow al- 
nost constant during fine weather. (3), 

From Terrapin Toiuer (small tower at the edge of 
the Canadian Fall, reached by bridge from Goat 
Island), giving the opportunity to look almost per- 
pendicularly down the cataract, with other points of 
view nearly the same as from Goat Island. (4), 

From Prospect Point, near the International House, 
on the American side, giving the American Fall al- 
most at the feet, and the Canadian Fall and shore 
broadly opposite. (5), 

From under the American Fall, down-river side, 
reaching that point by descent of steps or Inclined 
Railivay, from Prospect Point. From no other 
point of view can the impression of the broken 
bright water really falling from the clouds, be caught 
in such enchanting perfection. (6), 



80 mOBT-TBIP GUIDE. 

From the River, crossing the lower rapids by boat, 
and looking up to the Falls from the greatest attain- 
able depth below them. (7), 

From the Suspension Bridges, especially the upper 
and smaller one, near the Falls. (8), 

From the Clifton Ledge, in front of the Clifton 
House, on the Canadian side — the American Full 
being seen from this point to perhaps even better 
advantage, and the whole ensemble of the Falls bet- 
ter caught, than even in the view (9), 

From Table Rock, higher up on the Canadian 
side, immediately at the verge and edge of the Horse- 
Shoe Fall, always a favorite with experienced visi- 
tors, and from which point the view in Church's 
great picture was taken. Descent 

Under the Falls may be made,, by those who have 
taste for that style of adventure — either by going 
down the Biddle Staircase, from Goat Island (under 
American Fall and to the Cave of the Winds) ^ or the 
staircase at Table Eock (under Canadian Fall, to 
Termination Roch). Neither of these descents should 
be made, however, without due preparation of water- 
proof clothing (kept on hand at both points named), 
and the services of a capital guide. 

Lunar Island, joined by a bridge to Goat Island 
on the right, should be visited, in sunlight to see 
the Rainloio of the Falls in greatest perfection and, 
in moonlight, if- the time of visit so serves, in the 
chance of seeing that most wonderful of spectacles, 
the Lunar rainbow. 



ROUTE NO. l-NOBTHEim, 81 

The Sister Islands (three) are now connected with 
Goat Island and with each other, by strong and 
handsome suspension-bridges; and no visitor to the 
Falls should fail to go out on each of them, for the 
unequalled view of the Upper Eapids thus to be 
obtained. That from the extreme outward one is 
perhaps the finest of all. 

The Whirlpool andi Whirl2:)Ool Rapids, thiee miles 
below the Falls, on the American side (elevator to 
descend to the river-side, at the latter), show some 
of the most terrible rushes of water in the world, 
and also the outlet, beyoiid, into the deep-banked 
river. 

Other Spots to be profitably visited at and near 
the Falls, mav be named 

Grand Island, very large island, above (reached 
by ferry) notable as the spot where Major Mordecai 
M. ISToah, of New York, some fifty years ago com- 
menced to build what he believed to be the City of 
Restoration of the Jews. (Monument commemora- 
tive, still remaining) ; 

Burning Spring^ within a short walk above the 
Falls, on the Canada side, showing some rare phe- 
nomena in liquid combustion ; 

Lundifs Lane (Canada side — carriage), scene of 
the Battle of Chippewa (1812), with observatories 
and many stories of that battle ; 

Queenston and Lewiston, opposite towns on the 
Niagara River, seven or eight miles below the Falls ; 
the former (Canada side) with a handsome monu- 



83 SHORT- TRIP GUIDE. 

ment to the English General Brock, who fell here 
in 1812. Prominent hotels at Niagara, the Cata- 
ract , International, and Parh Place, on the Ameri- 
can side ; and the Clifton, on the Canada side. 

[From Niagara (Suspension Bridge) through 
Canada, by G-reat Western Kailway, to Detroit, 
Chicago, and the West (including California) ; or, 
Niagara to Buffalo, and West by the Lake Shore 
Eailroad; or, by the Grand Trunk, to Toronto, 
Ottawa, Montreal, and other Canadian cities; or, 
rail to Kingston, and thence boat to and down the 
Eiver St. Lawrence to Montreal, etc. [See Cana- 
dian routes.] 



ROUTE NO. 2 -NORTHERN. 

NEW YOEK TO BUFFALO, I^"IAGAIIA FALLS Ais» 
CANADA, BY THE ERIE EAILWAY. 

Leave New York (by morning train, for enjoy- 
ment of Delaware and Susquehanna scenery) by 
ferry from foot Chambers St., or foot 23d St., to 
Long Bock at Pavouia (New Jersey), midway be- 
tween the towns of Hoboken and Jersey City — the 
immense range of wharf commanding admiration for 
the enterprize which has created the whole from 
tide-water and useless marsh; and its importance 
added to by its late selection as the site of the piers 
and houses of the White Star Line of Steamers to 
Liverpool. 

From Long Dock, by rail, on the Erie Eailway ; 
the first point of interest after departure being 
the 

Bergen Tunnel, through the West Bergen Hills, 
reached within a few moments after leaving the 
wharf, three-quarter mile in length, and considered a 
most costly and elaborate piece of engmeering, until 
dwarfed by recent examples in the same line. Be- 
yond, the first town of any importance passed 
through, is 

PATERSOif, New Jersey, capital of Passaic County^ 
in that State ; the town presenting many interesting 



84 SHORT- TRIP GUIDE. 

features in manufactures and industry. Paper, cot- 
ton, silk and other fabrics are extensively produced ; 
and iron and steel working have even more promi- * 
nence. The Ivanhoe Paper Mills, here, are the most 
extensive in the country ; Paterson foundries boast 
of being able to produce steam ship- shafts and other 
heavy irons, of greater size than any others in Ame- 
rica ; and two of the most successful and notable of 
the establishments for the manufacture of locomo- 
tive engines, in the world, are located here — those of 
Grant, and of the Kogers Co., of whom the former 
won the great gold medal at the French Exposition 
ot 1867, for the splendid locomotive " America.^' 
Within the boundaries ~^oi the town are also to be 
seen the 

Passaic Falls, on the river of the same name — 
well worthy the tourist's attention, from the peculiar 
character of the chasm into which the river leaps, 
and the rock-scenery in the vicinity. Beyond Pater- 
son, the scenery, which has so far been tame, rough- 
ens and becomes better worthy of notice, as the hiUs 
of Orange County begin to break into view; and 
thenceforth, for a long distance, it may be said that 
the Erie road is one of the most picturesque in 
America — a marvel of wild natural beauty in sur- 
roundings, as well as of enterprize in engineering. 
At 

8uffern^s Station [junction with the old road, 
now used for freight only, to Piermont, on the Hud 
son], commences the fine scenery of the 



ROUTE NO. '^.—NORTHERN. 85 

Ramapo Mountains, Gap and Valley, scene of 
many of General Washington's warlike operations; 
and the country around and beyond, entering Orange 
Count }■, in the State of New York, equally cele- 
brated for the wonderful richness of its dairy pro- 
ducts — the noted Orange County milk and hitter. 

At Sloatslurg, stage may be taken to Gree7ncood 
Lake, a rural summer resort of much beauty and 
some popularity. 

At Greycourt occurs the junction with another 
and now more important branch of the line— that to 
Newburgh, on the Hudson, by Warwick. Passeng- 
ers for Greenwood Lake also proceed from Grey- 
court. The most important of the other stations 
passed on this portion of the route, is that of 

Middletown, capital of Orange County, with much . 
industry, extensive iron-works, an academy, and a 
surrounding country at once fertile and picturesque. 
Beyond Middletown soon con^.es into view the mag- 
nificent scenery and bold engineering operations con- 
nected with the great 

SliawangunTc Mountain, the passage around whichy. 
by railway, was once deemed impossible. From this 
point, alternate rock cuttings of great depth and 
length, and magnificent views over the ISTeversink 
Valley and into the wild gorges of the Upper Dela- 
ware (river), of which the first comprehensive views 
are caught shortly before reaching 

Port Jervis, a village picturesquely situated among 
the mountains, at the point of junction of three 



8G SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

States — New York, New Jersey and Peiiusylvania, 
and once eujoyin.;^- evil repute from the facility with 
which doubtful characters residing there could quick- 
ly change their State and thus baffle the officers of 
justice. It is now a place of limited' summer resort 
and the end of the first or Eastern Division of the 
Erie road. ^Falls of the SawJcill, fine cascades, six 
miles distant, by carriage or stage-coach.] 

Beyond Port Jervis the tourist enjoys fine views 
of the Delaware and Hudson Canal, in full opera- 
tion ; and then comes the yet wilder scenery of the 
Upper Delaware, the road running in many places 
closely along its high rocky banks, and the en- 
gineering of the whole line at this section worthy of 
being remembered beside that of the Ehone Valley 
road among the heights of Jura, and that of the 
road through the Apennines between Bologna and 
Florence. At near Shohola, perhaps the finest and 
wildest portion of the railway scenery is passed; 
though the views approaching and leaving Lacha- 
%co.xen should by no means be lost. Passing Mast 
Hope, Narrowsburg, Oallicoon (the latter and indeed 
all the places lately named, great headquarters for 
trout-fishermen and mountain-sportsmen generally) 
and Hancock, 

At Deposit (formerly dinner-station) farewell is bid- 
den to Delaware River. Beyond this point ihe grade 
is somewhat heavy and the ascent slow, until the top 
of the ridge is reached, after which follows corres- 
pondingly rapid descent for a certain distance. Not 



ROUTE NO. 2.— NORTHERN. 87 

long after commencement of the descent, is crossed 
the once celebrated 

Cascade Bridge, with a single arch over a ravine 
nearly two hundred feet in depth (now changed to 
a high embankment) ; and here begin to be caught 
wonderful views over the lovely Valley of the Susque- 
hanna and the fine Elver of that name. Very soon 
afcer is crossed the 

Starucca Viaduct, a splendid stone structure some 
1,200 feet in length and about 120 feet in height — 
considered one of the noblest railway bridges on the 
Continent, while the scenery from and around it is 
wondrously lovely and attractive. Still another 
high crossing is made over a fine wooden trestle 
bridge, at Lanesborough ; and then is reached 

Susquehanna, an important station and the end of 
the second or Delaware division of the road, as well 
as noted for engine-work and other heavy manufac- 
tures. Only a few miles beyond is reached 

Great Bend, another important railway station, 
and the point of intersection with this road, of the 
Delaware, Lackawanna and Western Koad, from the 
Coal Regions of Pennsylvania. [Near Kirkwood, 
next station beyond, may be seen an old wooden 
house possessing a certain interest as the place of 
birth of the first Morman prophet, Joe Smith]. The 
next place of importance reached is 

BiNGHAMTOK, handsomely situated at the junc- 
tion of the Susquehanna and Chenango rivers, and 
deriving its name from an early settler, Mr. Bing- 



88 SHOBT-TBIP GUIDE. 

ham, ancestor on one side of the present noble En- 
glish banking family, the Ashburton Barings. It has 
of late years enjoyed the distinction of being the site 
of the Neiu Yorlc State Inebriate Asylu?n, of which a 
view of the handsome and extensive buildings can 
be caught from the train, on the right. Bingham- 
ton is very thriving, and considered very beautiful, 
healthy, and well worth a brief sojourn for exami- 
nation. [Connection, here, with the Central Eoad, 
by the Syracuse and Binghamton, Railroad]. Be- 
yond Binghamton, the next important station is 

Owego, a large and handsome village, on a creek 
of the same name, near which, at a short distance, 
may be seen Glenmary, residence once occupied by 
the late N. P. Willis. [Connection, here, northward, 
by branch railway, to Ithaca, on Cayuga LakeJ. 
Some half dozen stations beyond, is reached 

Elmira, another chief town of Western New 
York, lying on the Chemung Eiver, surrounded by 
handsome scenery and displaying much thrift and 
prosperity. [Connection, here, northward, directly 
with Niagara Falls by the Elmira, Canandaigua and 
Niagara Falls Eailway; and southward to Harris- 
burg, Philadelphia, etc., by the Williamsport and 
Elmira, Pennsylvania Central, and other intersec- 
ting lines]. 

At Corning, also on the Chemung, occurs a pecu- 
liar connection with the coal-fields of Pennsylvania, 
by the Corning and Blossburg Railroad. Also, 
a branch of the Erie road runs northward direct to 
Rochester. 



BOVTE NO. 2.—N0BTHERN. 89 

At Homellsville the Erie Railway brandies into 
two main lines, tlie one leading west, by 

Salamanca [junction with the Atlantic and Great 
Western road, south westward to Oorry and the Oil 
Regions of Pennsylvania] and Dayton, to 

DuKKiEK, on Lake Erie, terminus of the Erie 
Railway in that direction, and point of junction with 
the Lake Shore Railroad for Cleveland and Toledo 
(Oliio), Chicago, and other points west and north- 
west. 

The second or northern branch of the Erie road, 
leaving Hornellsville, runs northwestward, by Nunda, 
Portage (with splendid bridge, of great height, and 
fine Fall of the Genesee, called Portage Fall), War- 
saw and Attica, to 

BurrALO, on Lake Erie, largest town of Western 
Kew York, and one of the most important commer- 
cial depots of the Middle States. It only dates from 
the commencement of the century, owing much 
of its rapid early progi^ess to the enterprising and 
unfortunate Benjamin Rathbun, who involved him- 
self fatally in the attempt to make it the Queen of 
.the Lakes: It is the point of entrance to the Erie 
Canal, from the Lake, and enjoys an immense 
grain and other shipping trade with the West, by 
steamers and largo schooners. It has now not less 
than 40 large grain warehouses, with capacity for 
storing six to eight millions of bushels; has very 
large iron manufactures ; has several public grounds 
— Terrace Park, Niagara, Delaware, Washington, 



90 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

Franklin and other squares ; lias a University, Medi- 
cal School, Orphan Asylum, Marine Hospital, &c. ; 
and many of the public buildings, including the 
City Hall, Custom House, Post OflBce, State Arsenal. 
Market Houses and some of the Churches (the Ro- 
man Catholic Cathedral especially) are worthy the 
attention of even the temporary sojourner. After- 
noon breezes from the Lake, facilities for water-excur- 
sions, proximity to the Canadian shore, &c., make 
Buffalo a charming place of abode during the hot 
season, though the atmosphere is often too damp for 
the health of invalids inclined to pulmonary trouble. 
Prominent Hotels, Mansion House, Courier House , 
Western, Genesee House, Revere House, &c. 

[Buffalo, by rail to Niagara Falls and Suspension 
Bridge, for Canada and the East, or for the West, 
(See close of previous route). Or, direct to Sarnia, 
Detroit, Chicago, &c., by the Grand Trunk Railway, 
Or, to Dunkirk and the Lake Shore road thence to 
the West. Or, by Lake steamer to Cleveland and 
other points westward.] 



ROUTE NO. 3 -NORTHERN. 

-. :iW YORK TO SARATOGA, LAKE GEORGE, LAKE 

CHAMPLAIK AKD MONTREAL, WITH OPTION" 

OF THE "WHITE MOUKTAIIlTS. 

New York to Albany or Troy, as by Northei-n 
Route No. 1. Thence train on the Rensselaer and 
Saratoga Railroad along the Hudson and Mohawk 
Rivers, and with a view in passing of the Falls 
of Cohoes, on the latter, and also of the Erie Canal 
and of Round Lake — to 

Ballston Spa, once the rival of Saratoga as a place 
of medicinal and fashionable resort, and still fre- 
quented by a considerable number of health-seekers, 
though the largest of the hotels, the Sans Souci, has 
long since been converted into a seminary, and the 
tide of summer travel has turned towards the more 
Celebrated springs. Ballston has original .advan- 
tages of location over Saratoga, the fine creek or 
small river, the Kayederosseras, flowing through it, 
and materially adding to pleasantness as an abode ; 
and while as a watering-place it will never quite 
decay, it may some day see a return to its old popu- 
larity. From Ballston, half an hour, through very 
flat though well shaded country, to 

Sahatoga (better kaown as " Saratoga Springs") 
— the most fashionable of the American Spas. 



02 SHORT-TRIP GTUDK 

Division A. 

AT AND ABOUT SAEATOGA. 

This most celebrated of summer resorts on the 
"Western Continent, with the possible exception of 
Niagara — has few natural f.-atures to produce such 
continued celebrity, its situation being comparatively 
low, its soil sandy, and its climate decidedly hot in 
midsummer. But long care and much expense 
have made its grounds shaded and attractive ; and 
the number and varied character of its springs have 
counterbalanced all opposition and given it a popu- 
larity not likely to lessen during the present centu- 
ry. During the past few years, speculation (not to 
call it by any worse name), has joined with liberal en- 
terprize in providing extraordinary attractions, in 
the shape of 

The Race- Course absorbing attention during a 
certain number of days of the season, and presenting 
some of the worst features of the English turf, in the 
way of high betting ; and 

TJie Play- House ^ in imitation of Baden-Baden and 
Hombourg,* with the addition of being owned and 
managed by an Honorable M. 0. Another and more 
meritorious feature is 

The Leland Opera House, near and attached to 
the Union Hotel, and affording splendid opportuni- 
ties for concerts, grand balls and other festivals, 
more pleasant to the sojourners than (it is to be 
feared) profitable to those providing the accommoda- 



ROUTE NO. ^.—NORTHEBK 93 

tion. Of course the principal source of popularity 
and profit has been found in 

Tlie Springs, of which the whole number must 
approach twenty, very different in character, while 
upon two or three of them has been concentrated, 
until lately, nearly the whole popularity giving 
patronage to the group. The waters of the Congress 
lead the list, now, instead of monopolizing as they 
once did : they are bottled extensively and sent 
everywhere, as well as consumed unlimitedly at the 
Spring. After them, of late, have come the Em- 
pire, pressing close upon the Congress as an arti- 
cle of commerce ; and no small amount of popularity 
in the same line is being attained by those of the 
High Bock (held to be specially strong and medici- 
nal), the HatJiorn, the Constitutiony &c., — while the 
Iodine, the Columbian and others command exten- 
sive home-consumption. The virtual " Pump-Eoom" 
of Saratoga, meanwhile, has been and continues in 
the Congress Spring, most picturesequely located 
and best kept, and with fine grounds near to add to 
its attraction. 

[Saratoga suffered very severely by fire in 1865 
and 1866, two of the oldest and largest of the hotels, 
the United States and Congress Hall, almost as 
truly features of the place as the Springs themselves, 
and endeared by a thousand recollections as well as 
made classic by Willis' charming sketches, going 
down in those years. One of them has since been re- 
built, however, with enlarged accommodation ; the 



94 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

other will be ; iind although a large supplementary 
fire, in September, 1871, destroyed several minor 
houses, there is no fear whatever ol Saratoga per- 
manently suffering from deficiency of hotel accom- 
modation.] 

[The hint is worth something, to strangers — that 
the most delightful time for visiting Saratoga i« to 
be found later than the full season — say in Septem- 
ber and early October, when the climate is delicious, 
and when the loveliest sunsets of the world (finer 
than the Italian) can be enjoyed from the hills 
just northward.] 

Excursio7is from Saratoga are not many or remark- 
ably varied. The most popular is found in the after- 
noon ride to the Lake, three miles distant — a hand- 
some forest-girded bit of water, with fine facilities 
for boating and fishing, and with Moon's and 
Abell's "Lake Houses" to supply entertainment to 
visitors. With this ride is often combined a visit to 
Barhydfs Mill, on the road — also made classic by 
"Willis. Another excursion, generally made, is that 
to the Battle Field of Stillwater — scene of Sir John 
Burgoyne's surrender to Genl. Gates in 1777. 

Prominent Hotels at Saratoga, Grand Union, Con- 
gress Hall, Clarendon, &c. 

Division B» 

SARATOGA TO Al^D AT LAKE GEORGE. 

The route from Saratoga is by cars of the Saratoga 
and Washington Railroad, to 



ROUTE NO. ^.—NORTHERN. 95 

Fort E (hoard, on the Hudson — site of one of the 
old fortifications of the IFrench and Indian War 
period, but now a thriving village, with ]Dicturesque 
river- scenery. At Fort Edward branch rail is taken 
to 

Glenn^s Falls (often called simply " Glenn's "), a 
village also picturesquely situated on the Hudson, at 
a pass of the river through rocks of terrible wildness, 
with a broken fall, at and around which Cooper laid 
the scene of a part of the "^'Last of the Mohicans." 
Glenn's Falls has also large lime manufactures. 
Here stage is taken for Lake George, over a moun- 
tain road affording scenery of equal beauty aijd 
grandeur, forming fit introduction to the Lake. 
Half way between Glenn's and the Lake is passed 

Bloody Pond^ scene of the defeat of Col. Williams 
by the French and Indians under Baron Dieskau, 
and slaughter of all his force, in 1755, during the 
old French wars, and of which the name is said to 
have been derived from the literal filling of th-^ pond 
with bodies on that occasion. Shortly after leaving 
Bloody Pond, and on emergence from the forest on 
high ground, is enjoyed one of the most magnificent 
views supplied by the Western Continent, in the 
beautiful "Horicon" (Indian name of Lake George) 
its islands and mountain borderings. 

Caldwell, south end nftbr' Lnko, is the spot where 
the traveller is set down by the coach; and here 
and near are located some of the most enjoyable of 
the hotels welcoming visitors. 



96 8E0BT-TBIP GUIDE. 

Rowing, Sailing, and Fisldng on Lake George are 
privileges not to be ignored : the more enjoyable for 
the wonderful clearness of the water, which often 
allows the bottom to be seen at twenty or thirty feet, 
and which won for it from the French the name of 
"Le Lac du St. Sacrament" and induced the carry- 
ing of the water to great distances for baptismal 
purposes. The variety of fish caught — trout, perch, 
pike, &c., commends it to the special favor of sports- 
men. It is while on the water, too, that the beauti- 
ful panorama of the Lake, with its islands and en- 
circling mountains, admitted to be among the finest 
on the globe, can best be enjoyed. 

The Old Forts must command a certain degree of 
attention from the visitor to Lake G-eorge, combin- 
ing, as they do, historical interest with their loca- 
tion. Of Fort William Henry, the small traces of 
embankment remaining lie immediately beside the 
Hotel of the same name, from in front of which the 
best views are commanded and the steamboat em- 
barkations on the Lake are made. Of Fort George, 
half a mile eastward, considerable portions of the 
crumbling walls yet present themselves, half buried 
by earth and overgrown with trees. Leading hotels 
at Lake George, the Lake House and Fort William 
Henry. 

[From Lake George may be visited, by stage- 
wagon or other conveyance, Scliroon Lahe a small 
wild, picturesque sheet of water, lying north-west- 
ward ; and thence, the lower part of the 



ROUTE NO. ^.—NORTHERN. 97 

Adirondach Mountains among tlie boldest and 
most interesting chains of the East, and of late 
years yery popular as resorts for pleasure- seekers and 
health-seekers who have no objection to " camping- 
out" and "roughing" it a little. Particulars of 
special routes, best obtained of those who manage 
the conyeyances; as all other information on such 
partially-opened lines, must be more or less unreli- 
able and risky.] 

Leaymg Caldwell for the passage northward, a 
small steamer is taken ; and the entire passage to 
Ticonderoga, about 35 miles, is one of the most 
charming in any land, affording otherwise unattain- 
able yiews of the surrounding mountains and the 
almost countless islands of the little body of water 
so fayored, the actual number of which is said to 
reach nearly or quite three hundred. Among the 
most notable of these in this part of the Lake, are 
Diamond Island^ Burgoyne's military depot in 1777; 
Long Island, north of Diamond ; Twelve Mile Is- 
land, near Bolton. Not far beyond the latter, 
Tongue Mountain thrusts itself out into the Lake 
to a great distance (whence the name), forming a 
part of the Narrows, entered just beyond, under the 
shadow of Black Mountain, the highest peak of the 
lake-shore. North of the Narrows comes Salibath 
Day Point, a strip of low, cultivated land, so named, 
as alleged, by Genl. Abercrombie, from a Sunday 
morning embarkation of troops made there. Not 
far beyond, passing the bold headland of Rogers'^ 



98 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

Slide, are passed Prisoners' Island, used as a place 
of military confinement by the English during the 
old French war; and Lord Howe^s Point, where 
that English general landed to make his attack on 
Ticonderoga. Directly beyond comes an insignificant 
landing, at which concludes the beautiful sail on 
Lake George, and the tourist enjoys a three mile 
ride, often in a rough wagon instead of a stage-coach, 
over a rough road that still seems to be unobjection- 
able and in keeping with the journey, to the ruins of 
Ticonderoga. 

Division C. 

TICOKDEROGA B;? LAKE CHAMPLAIiq' TO 
MON^TREAL. 

Crossing from Lake George, by stage-coach or 
wagon, as above, 

Fort Ticonderoga will be found only a ruin, with 
one gable remaining to show its original height. It 
was first constructed by the French, about 1756, but 
derives its principal interest from the peculiar mode 
of its summons to surrender by the madcap Vermon- 
ter, Ethan Allen, in 1775, the formula being: "In 
the name of the Continental Congress and the Great 
Jehovah !" It was soon retaken by the British, how- 
ever, and held during the war. [From Ticonderoga 
detour may be made to Grown Point, another place 
of revolutionary interest, taken at nearly the same 
time ; and thence may be reached most conveniently 
by wagon and on foot, Lake Sanford, Lahe Hender* 



ROUTE NO. ^.—NORTHERK 99 

son, and beyond the famous Indian Pass and the 
great peaks of the Adirondach Mountains ; Tali- 
aivu%, or Mount Marcy, Mount Mclntyre, the Dial 
Momitain, etc.] 

At the wharf at Ticonderoga, to continue main 
route northward, steamer on Lake Ohamplain is 
taken; and thenceforth, in fine weather, is found 
a sail of many hours, not often equaled in enjoy- 
ment. Besides the towns and hamlets studding the 
shores, there are special points of interest on the 
Lake in the shape of singular rocks and islands, of 
which the most notable, below, may be mentioned as 
Split RocJc, an immense mass of ironstone, half an 
acre in extent, split away from the main only about 
twelve feet ; the Four Brothers, small islands always 
haunted and half covered with noisy gulls, like Ailsa 
Craig; Juniper Island and Rock Dundee, both 
masses of rocks rising to the height of over 30 feet. 
It is not in these particulars, however, that lies the 
chief charm of sailing on noble Ohamplain (130 miles 
in length, and width varying from \ mile to 13 : 
area covered, about 500 sq. miles). That principal 
charm lies in the presence of a noble range of moun- 
tains at either side : at the right, the Green Moun- 
tains of Vermont, among the highest in Eastern 
America ; on the left, at greater distance, the equally 
noble range of the Adirondacks. 

Landings are made, on the right, at 

BuRLiN'GTON', Vermont, one of the largest and 
most important towns in the Shite, with a Univer- 



100 SHOBT-TniP GUIDE. 

sit J, many fine buildings, manufactures, and a great 
concentration of railway, steamboat and stage-coacli 
routes. At Burlington are also enjoyed, as from the 
Lakf' approaching it, fine views of the two highest 
peaks of the Green Mountains, Mt. Mansfield and 
CameVs Hump, Hotels, the American, &c. 

[At Burlington, rail may be taken, by those who 
prefer, by Bt. Alban^s and St. John^s, direct to 
Montreal. See Division D, following.] 

Continuing from Burlington by boat, the Lake is 
crossed, north-westward, to 

Plattsburg, thriving town of New York, lying on 
the west shore, and scene of the land-and-naval 
battle between the English and Americans, in Sep- 
tember, 1814, won for the latter by General Macomb 
and Commodore McDonough. 

[From Flattsburg may be visited 

Keeseville, a thriving town of Essex County ; and 
thence the Au Sable River, the Saranac Lahes, and 
the great fishing and pleasure grounds of the 

JSToRTHEEJS" Adiroi^dagk Moukt^ins. For either, 
and especially for the latter, stage is taken at Keese- 
ville, and special routes traced out through particu- 
lar information locally derived. For any extended 
advance into the mountains, however, certain pro- 
visions, conveniences and changes of clothing must 
be provided, after taking the special local advice 
above noted, and before leaving the towns on the 
shores of Lake Champlain, for the absolute wilder- 
ness lying behind them.] 



BOJJTE NO. ^.—JSfORTHEBN. 101 

Continuing from Plattsburg by boat, final landing 
is made at 

Roiose^s Point, also on the western shore of the 
Lake, and unimportant except for this transit and 
the fact that it lies at the very border of the Do- 
minion of Canada. 

From Rouse's Point, by rail, to ^S'*^. John\'i and to 
Moi^'TREAL. (For description, &c., see p. 247.) 

Division D. 

TICONDEROGA TO MONTREAL BY BOAT AND RAIL. 

As by previous route (Division C) to 

Burlington, Vermont. At Burlington leave Cham- 
plain boat and take rail of the Vermont Central road 
to 

St. ^?J«^'5, Vermont, one of the handsomest towns 
in the State, lying near Lake Champlain, with fine 
scenery, many noble buildings, considerable popu- 
larity as a summer-resort, an immense butter-and- 
cheese market, and a historical celebrity on account 
of the "raid" made upon it, from Canada, on the 
19th of October, 1864, by the Confederate refugees 
then resident in the Dominion. Principal hotel, 
the Welden House. [Railway connection from 
St. Alban's, by the Missisquoi road, to Sheldon, 
and the Missisquoi Springs, popular hygienic 
resort.] 

From St. Alban's, by rail, by St. John's to Mon- 
treal. (See p. 247.) 



102 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

Division E. 

SARATOGA TO MONTREAL, BY RAIL. 

Leave Saratoga by Saratoga and Washington road, 
(as by Division B,) to 

Whitehall, New York, at the southern end of 
Lake Champlain — town of age, and much import- 
ance in conuection with the lumber trade and the 
extensive transportation through the Oliamplain 
Canal, commencing at that point, from the Lake to 
Albany. [Point of departure of steamboats on 
Lake Champlain, for Northern New York, Vermont 
or New Hamps' ire Mountains, or Canada, — for those 
coming up directly from New^ York or other more 
southerly points, by Albany or Troy. See Divi- 
sioDS C and D, pp. 99 and 101.] 

Continuing by rail from Whi tehall, and entering 
the State of Vermont, through the great marble- 
quarry region of that State; by Castleton, virtual 
centre of that trade; to 

KuTLAis'D, thriving and handsome town, with 
railway connections in all directions, pleasant loca- 
tion, and fine mountain-and-valley scenery, as well 
as mucli productive industry. Hotel, the Bates 
House. 

From Eutland, by Middleliiry and minor stations, 
to Burlington" (see that place in Division C, p. 99). 
Burlington, by Vergennes and minor stations, to St. 
Alban's (see that place in Division D, p. 101). St. 
Alban's to St. John's and Montreal. (See p. 247.) 



ROUTE NO. Z.—NOBTHEBK 102a 

Division F. 

FAVORITE TOURIST ROUTE FROM KEW YORK TO 

MONTREAL. 

New York, by Central Eail Eoacl, Day Boat or 
i^ight Boat, to Albany or Ti^oy (see Eoute 1, 
Division A, page 62). Albany or Troy to Sara- 
toga, Lahe George, and take Ohamplain boat at 
Ticonderoga, as by Route 3, Divisions A, B and 0, 
pp. 91 to 99. Or, Albany or Troy to Saratoga (omit- 
ting Lake George) ; thence rail to Whitehall and 
take Ohamplain steamer there. By boat on Lake 
Ohamplain to Burlington, and thence rail by St. 
Alban's and St. John's to Montreal ; or by boat to, 
Burlington, Plattsburg and Rouse's Point, and 
thence rail by St. John's to Montreal. (See p. 247.) 

Division G. 

eastern-states all-rail route from new YORK 
TO MONTREAL. 

New York to JVeiv Haven^ Hartford and Spring- 
field, as by Route No. 4, Division A, pp. 103 to 
106. Springfield, by Oonnecticut River and con- 
necting roads, to 

Belloius Falls^ railway-centre of importance on 
the Connecticut River, with connections eastward 
to Boston, &c. Thence to 

White River Junction, another railway-centre with 
equally important connections, at the intersection of 



102& SHOBT-TBIP GUIDE. 

the Connecticut and White Eivers. Thence to St, 
Alian'Sy St. Jolin's and Moi^TREAL. (See p. 247.) 

Division H. 

HINTS FOE RETURN^IKG SOUTHWARD. 

As stated in many other places in this volume, it 
is a matter of policy, always, in returning from one 
of two points to another, to vary the route from that 
selected in going, unless special reasons require 
passing over the same ground. And in no direction 
does this require more closely to be borne in mind, 
than, say, between New Yoi'k and the Canadian 
cities ; the routes being so many and all so interest- 
ing, that no choice supplying variety can well be 
amiss, if time or other circumstance does not pre- 
vent. The reminder need scarcely be added, that, 
all the preceding routes being marked out as going 
northioard^ for proceeding southward any one of 
them needs simply to be reversed. 



ROUTE NO. 4-EASTERN. 

N'EW YORK TO BOSTON", BY NEW HAVEN, HARTFORD. 

AND SPRINGFIELD (RAIL) ; BY PROVIDENCE 

(rail) ; BY NEWPORT, NTEW LONDON" OR 

STONINGTON" (sound-boat). 

Division A. 

BY rail, BY SPRINGFIELD. 

•Leave New York by morning express of New 
Hayen Eailroad, by WilliawHs Bridge (point of 
diyergence of the New York and Harlem road), 
by several unimportant stations (with occasional and 
pleasant views of Long Island Sound, at the right), 
to Stamford, Darien and NorwaTk (Connecticut), 
(the latter the scene of a serious accident, train run- 
ning into the Eiver, at the Bridge, many years 
since) ; then by other unimportant stations, to 

Bridgeport^ on Long Island Sound, large and im- 
portant manufacturing town, especially in the de- 
tail of Sewing Machines, of which two of the largest 
factories in the world, the Wheeler Bg Wilson, and 
Howe, are located here. Also, point of intersection 
of lines of railway leading to the manufacturing in- 
terior of Connecticut (Housatonic and Naugatuck) ; 
and old residence of the celebrated showman, P. T. 
Barnum. Bridgeport to . 



104 SHORT- TBIP GUIDE. 

New Haven, also on Long Island Sourd (lines 
of steamers to and from New York) ; one of the 
most import ;nt towns of the East, and scat of Yale 
College, as well as noted for the shaded beanty of its 
streets and the pecnliar magnificence of its elm-tree 
avenues, the latter feature giving it the name of the 
"Elm City." New Haven is well worthy of a so- 
journ for examination. The first point of interest 
is of course to be found in the College Buildings, of 
which there are some fifteen, with a remarkable 
air of antiquity, for America (the College founded in 
1700) ; the College Green, or Campus, with Chapel, 
and fine old Churches; the State House, an impos- 
ing edifice, of marble, recently completed ; the Fine 
Art Building and Trumbull Gallery, in the latter of 
which are the original fine historical pictures by 
Colonel Trumbull (Washington, etc.) ; the recently 
built City Hall, etc. Some interesting Monuments 
are to be found in the Grove Street Cemetery; among 
others those of Roger Sherman, founder of Rhode 
Island, Noah Webster, Pierrepont Edwards, the poet 
Hillhouse, etc.; and in the Campus, tomb of the 
regicide Wh alley. Excursions from New Haven to 
East Rock, Savin Rock, WalUngford, &c. [Oou' 
nection, by rail, to 

MiDDLETOWi^, flourishing town, with manufac- 
tures, seat of Wesleyan University. Industrial 
School, State Insane Asylum, Berkeley Divinity 
School, &c.- Opposite Middletown, Portland, with 
great brown-stone quarries.] 



ROUTE NO. 4..— EASTERN. 105 

Prominent liotels at New Haven, the iVew JSaue^i 
House, Tontine, Tremont, &c. 

Eesuming rail, on the New Haven, Hartford and 
Springfield road, and now running northward, away 
from the Sound— passing Walling ford, Meriden 
(great Brittaniawaro and other metallic manufactory) 
and other stations of less importance, is reached 

Hartford, on the Connecticut River, a large 
town with much beauty of location, large manufac- 
turing interests, and dividing with New Haven the 
seat of government of the State. (Reached by steam- 
ers from New York). It has an educational institu- 
tion of eminence, known as Trinity College ; the Con- 
nectieut Historical Society y the Watki?iso9i Lihary^ 
with rare books, pictures and statuary; Wadstoorth 
Atheneum, etc. ; and among the handsome buildings 
of the town are the Deaf and Dumb Asylum^ Hetreat 
for the Insane^ Hospital, etc. The Charter Oah 
(place of hiding of the old Connecticut Charter from 
a tyrannical Governor) long one of the boasts of 
Hartford, blew down in 1856 ; but the place where 
it stood is still shown by a slab. Among present 
curiosities are the late Col. Coifs Fire-Arms Manu- 
factory, the house occupied by the late Mrs. Sigour- 
ney, the poetess, etc. There are also many pictur- 
esque short excursions from Hartford, the most 
prominent among them beiug those to Talcott 
Mountain, Wether sfield, Prospect Hill, &c. Leading 
hotels, Allyn House and United States. 

Beyond Hartford, pasing Windsor, and Windsor 



10 6 SHORT- TRIP Q TJIDE. 

Locks (water power and important manufactures), 
and other minor stations, is reached 

Spkikgfield, Massachusetts, also lying on the 
Connecticut River, one of the most important towns 
of the State, and peculiarly notable for its diversity 
of railway communication. [Connection, here, east- 
ward to Boston and we&tward to Albany, by the 
Boston a"^d Albany road; southward to Hartford, 
New Haven and New York, by the New Haven, 
Hartford and Springfield ; northward to the White 
Mountains of New Hampshire, to Vermont and 
Canada, by the Connecticut Eiver and other inter- 
secting roads]. A prominent source of prosperity as 
well as object of interest is the United States Arse- 
nal and Arms Manufactory, the largest in America, 
located here, furnishing extensive employment and 
supplying the celebrated " Springfield Rifle." (Writ- 
ten of by Mr. Longfellow, in one of his finest poems, 
" The Arsenal at Springfield.") It has also other 
and important manufactures — especially of carri- 
ages ; handsome public grounds, in the Cemetery, 
Hampden Park, &c. ; and is considered one of the 
most charming places of residence in the East. 
Prominent hotels, the Massasoit, Cooley^s, &c. 
From Springfield, by Palmer, direct to 
Worcester, another of the large and important 
towns of Massachusetts, with extensive manufactures 
and even more numerous railway connections than 
Springfield. [Westward, by Boston and Albany road 
(Western) to Springfield and Albany, and Spring- 



ROUTE NO. L—EAaTEBN. 107 

field, New Haven and K'ew York. E ^stward, by 
Boston and Worcester, to Boston. Northward, by 
Worcester and ISFasliua, to the White Mountains and 
Canada. Southward, by Norwich and Worcester, to 
New London, and Shore Line road and line of 
steamers to New York. South-eastward, by Wor- 
cester and Providence, to Providence, Newport, &c.] 
It has some fine public buildings, among which may 
be mentioned the State Lunatic Asylum, Mechanics^ 
Hall, building of the American Antiquarian Society, 
&c., and divides with Springfield pre-eminence in the 
manufacture of railway and other carriages. Lead- 
ing hotel, the Bay State. 

From Worcester, by Grafton, Framingham, JSTa- 
tick (home of U. S. Senator Wilson) West Newton, 
Brighton and other minor stations, direct to 

BoSTOK. [See ahead — ^' At and about Boston."] 

Division JB. 

BY RAIL, BY PEOVIDEN"CE (SHOEE LINE). 

Leave New York by 12.15 P. M. express of the 
New Haven Railroad. (May leave by night-express, 
but at sacrifice of scenery). Take tickets by " Shore 
Line," as distinguished from those by "Springfield;" 
and be sure that Shore Line carriage is taken. To 
JVew Haven, as from Springfield route preceding. 

From New Haven, due east (New Haven, New 
London, and Stonington road) along or near the 
shore of the Sound, with closer and still finer views 



133 8H0RT-TBIP GUIDE 

than tliose before reaching New Haven — by Guil- 
ford, Madison, Clinton &c., to 

Crossing of the Connect' cut liiver, at Lyme. 
(At Saytrooh Junction, near, connection by Yalley 
road, south to Saylrooh, north to Middlotown, &c.) 
By S. Lyme, and E. Lyme, Waterford, &c., to 

New London, at the mouth of the Thames Eiver 
— a sea-port of some importance, and formerly depot 
of one of the great whaling-fleets, before the late 
decay of that trade. [Line of large and fine steamers 
from and to New York, every evening : communi- 
cating by rail to and from Boston, by Norwich and 
"Worcester.] Harbor considered one of the finest 
on the Atlantic coast, and defended by splendid for- 
tifications, Fort Trumbull being the principal, below 
the city and at the right, towards mouth of the 
harbor. New London, an attractive place of resort 
and residence in many respects, has a peculiar and 
melancholy interest as having been long the business 
place of Benedict Arnold, the traitor, whose sign 
over one of the old shops is still pointed out. The 
principal public buildings, worth notice, are the 
Custom House, Court House, Female Academy^ &c. 
At the mouth of the harbor the Pequot House is a 
very attractive place of summer sea-side resort. 

From New London the Thames is crossed by ferry 
boat (part of train carried over, with through-passen- 
gers, and lunch on boat) to Groton, on the opposite 
bank— for some years the depot of another steam- 
boat line between New York and Boston, now 



ROUTE JSrO, 4..— EASTERN. 109 

abandoned. Grroton, by rail, still wiLliiu frequent 
sight of tlie Sound, to Mystic, somewhat famous for 
wooden-ship building, and 

8tonington, Connecticut, Sound port of some im- 
portance, lying at the mouth of river of same name. 
[Line of large steamers to and from New York, 
every evening : communicating by rail to and from 
Boston, by Providence.] Stouington, by Westerly 
and other stations, including 

Wichford [railroad and steamboat communication 
direct to Nevstport, in connection with trains] ; and 

East Greenwich [old steamboat route to Newpokt 
in connection with trains] — to 

PEOYiDEifCE, capital of the State of Ehode Island, 
and one of the principal towns of the Eastern States. 
It lies ^n Providence River, extending from Narra- 
gausett Bay ; has much beauty in location and enor- 
mous wealth in buildings and the appointments of 
residents ; manufactures very extensively, in engines, 
heavy machineriea, cottons, prints, jewelries, &c.; 
and has nearly two hundred and fifty years of anti- 
quity since its foundation by Roger Williams, when 
driven from the colony of Massachusetts Bay on 
account of his religious opinions. It is the seat of 
Brown University, a literary institution of the first 
eminence, with a large and valuable library ; and is 
also noted for the number and excellence of its 
pubhc schools. The two handsomest public build- 
ings in the town are the Rhode Island Hospital and 
the Custom House; though there arc very many 



no SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

fine edifices connected with the numerous public 
charities of t]ie city, among which may be named 
the Reform Sohool, t\\Q Dexter Asylum for the Poor^ 
Butler Hospital for the Insane, Home for Aged Wo- 
men., &c. It has also several imposing churches, 
banks and other edifices ; and Swan Point Ceme- 
tery^ Narragansett Park, and other public grounds 
deserve visit and notice. The Soldiers' and Sailors^ 
Monument, recently erected, is also worthy of notice. 
Leading hotels, the Gity Hotel, and Aldrich House. 

[Railway communication with Boston, by Boston 
and Providence road ; with Worcester, by Providence 
and Worcester ; with Hartford, by Hartford, Provi- 
dence & Fishkill; witn Newport, by Providence and 
Newport; with New London, by Stonington and 
Providence, &c.; with New York, by road just trav- 
ersed, and by lines of steamers from Fall Eiver and 
Newport, &c.], 

[Pawtucket, near Providence, is the seat of heavy 
manufactures, and of the first cotton-mill ever built 
in America.] 

Providence, by Pawtucket, Attleboro, Mansfield, 
Foxboro, Eeadville, &c., to 

Boston. 

Divisio7i C. 

BY BOAT, BY TSTEWPORT OR FALL RIVER. 

Leave New York, 5 P. M., daily (except late au- 
tumn, winter, and early spring, when the hour is 4 
P. M. — see bills at hotels) by boats of the Narragan- 



ItOUTE NO, ^.—EASTERN. Ill 

sett Steamship Company, by Long Island Sound, for 
Newport or Fall Kiver as may be preferred. This 
route, as well as the other Sound routes about to be 
named, affords not only a delightful sail, in the cus- 
tomary fine weather of summer, but conyeys a better 
idea than can otherwise be attained, of the size and 
magnificence of the vessels employed in this transit. 
Leaving the pier and proceeding past the whole line 
of the city, then past the islands lying in the Sound 
or East River, and up the Sound itself, — unequalled 
opportunities are enjoyed for observing the water- 
front of the city, the extent of the penal and bene- 
volent institutions on BlacJcwelVs Island, RandalVs 
Island, Ward's Island, &c., the rocky dangers of 
Hell Gate, the attractive scenery of the river shores 
(Long Island on the right ; New York or Manhattan 
Island on the left) ; the extensive fortifications guard- 
ing that approach to the city, in Fort Schuyler, at 
Throg's Neck, etc. — daylight lasting, in the warm 
season, until all these points of interest are passed, 
and the remainder of the course up the Sound offer- 
ing few attractions other than those of a marine 
character. 

At an early hour in the morning is reached 
the end of the route by Sound, and place of debar- 
kation for those who wish to vist the watering-place 
and afterwards proceed thence to Boston by rail, — 
in 

Newport, one of the largest and most important 
towns of Rhode Island, and one of the most cele- 



112 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

brated and. fashionable of American sea-side resorts, 
for the past quarter of a century or longer. It lies 
on Narragansett Bay, at near the entrance from Long 
Island Sound, and boasts a harbor of peculiar beauty 
as well as one of a depth of water almost unequalled. 
It has a fine bathing-beach, markedly safe, within 
short-riding-distance of the principal hotels; and at 
greater distance are to be found and visited the re- 
markable groups of rocks known as Paradise, Pur- 
gator }j, the Hanging Rocks, etc. The Gle^i, the 
Spouting Horn, Lily Pond and the Dumpling Rocks, 
are also places of much picturesque interest to visit- 
ors and residents ; while at some ten miles distant, 
south-eastward, lie Seconnet Point and West Island, 
the latter supplying the very best sea-shore-fishing 
on the American coast. Fort Adams, at near the 
mouth of the harbor, is one of the largest and strong- 
est fortifications in the North ; and the ride to it> 
from the town, is one of the afternoon features of 
!N"ewport life. Another peculiarity of Newport is the 
fine sailing in and about the harbor, securing the 
constant presence of yachts, and many regattas 
during the season, on a more or less extensive scale. 
And yet another is to be found in the wide extent of 
lawned and terraced bluff, overlooking the sea, where 
are located an immense number of summer-cottages 
of the wealthy, giving a higher tone to the prevalent 
hotel-life, even while moderating and to some degree 
lessening it. One marked object of interest is to be 
found at Newport — the Round Toioer, alternately 



ROUTE NO. 4..— EASTERN. 113 

called a Noj'se remain and a wind-mill, but around 
which Longfellow, adopting the former belief, wore 
liis marvellously beautiful poem, the "Skeleton in 
Armor." There are also some patriotic erections and 
antiquities of interest : among the structures the old 
State House^ Commodore Perry^s House^ the Vernon 
Mansio9i, the First Baptist (7AwrcA (1638), the Perry 
Mo7iume7it, &c. ; and of minor antiquities, Franldin^s 
Printing Press (now or late in the office of the 
Newport Mercury newspaper), the ancient Chair of 
State of the Colony, etc. Of modern buildings of 
merit, the number is considerable. Newport has the 
additional celebrity of having been the birth-place of 
Gilbert Stuart, the painter, Malbone, the miniature- 
painter, and Commodore Perry; and Cooper flung 
round it a romantic interest as the opening scene 
of the '^Red Rover." Leading Hotels: the Ocean 
House, Atlantic, United States, and Perry. 

[Above Newport, within convenient riding or sail- 
ing distance, lies the fine eminence of Mou7it Hope, 
with interesting reminiscences of the Indian King 
Philip, and splendid views over Narragmsett Bay, 
the city, harbor, &g.'\ 

[Newport to BoSTOK, by rail, by Fall River and 
connection with the Old Colony road, or by Provi- 
dence.] 

If not wishing to stop at Newport, and still pro- 
ceeding to Boston, on some New York steamer 
from which debarkation has before been supposed, 



114 SnOBT-TRlP GUIDE. 

the route wiH be pursued by remaining on boat until 
its next and final landing, at 

Fall Eiyer, a thriving manufacturing town on 
Taunton Eiver, eastern branch of Narragansett Bay, 
within the State of Massachusetts though near 
the Ehode Island border. Peculiarly noted for 
works in machinery, in heavy irons, and in cottons 
and prints. [Communication with N(jwport and 
Providence by boat and rail.] Mount Hope, before 
alluded to, is in view from Pall River and may be 
most conveniently reached from this point; and the 
bridge connecting Rhode Island (island) and the 
main land is near, at Tiverton. 

Pall River to Boston", by rail of the Old Colony 
Road. 

Division D. 

BY BOAT, BY NEW LOITDON, NORWICH & WORCESTER. 

Leave j^ew York, 5 P. M., by boats of the 
Norwich and Worcester Line, on the Sound, 
the route displaying precisely the same fea- 
tures as that before named, (except that the run by 
sea is shorter and less exposed in rough weather, and 
that rail is taken ai an earlier hour) to 

New London [see previous description.] 

New London, by rail on the Norwich and Wor- 
cester road, to 

Norwich, very old and handsome small town of 
Connecticut, picturesquely situated at the head of 
navigation of the river Thames, with its steep streets 



I 



ROUTE NO. ^.—EASTEEK 115 

literally lying on terraces, but many manufactures, 
mucli commercial prosperity, and no small number 
of old buildings recalling the early historic days of 
the State. 

From Norwich, still by rail of the Norwich and 
Worcester road — by Plainfield [junction, for Provi- 
dence, Newport, &c.], by Putnam, Webster, Worces- 
ter, &C., to BOSTOJ!?". 

Division E. 

BY BOAT, BY STONINGTOK AND PROVIDEKOE. 

Leave New York, 5 P. M., by boats of the Stoning- 
ton Steamboat Company, on the Sound, with same 
features as those of two previous routes, though less 
extensive in sea-voyage than that to Newport, and 
longer than that to New London — to 

Stonikgton, Connecticut (before referred to in 
Shore-Line route by rail), at mouth of Stonington 
river, near the Sound, 

Stonington by Providence, by rail, with same 
features shown in that division of the Shore-Line 
rail route, to Boston". 

Division F, 

AT AND ABOUT BOSTON, WITH EXCUESIONS. 

Boston, Capital of the State of Massachusetts, one 
of the largest, most influential and handsomest of 
the cities of America, and in many regards the mos:: 



116 SHOBT-TBIP GUIDE. 

remarkable of all — lies at the extreme western point 
of Massachusetts Bay, where that body of water is 
entered by the Charles Eiver; and most of the old 
city is erected on a peninsula of several hundred acres, 
extending up from Roxbury, at the south, and curved 
around by the wide mouth of the Charles River, 
which thus divides from it Camlridge on the west, 
Cliai'lestoivn on the north, and Chelsea and East 
Boston on the east. All these form parts of the 
present city, however, by means of different bridges 
spanning the river mouth and edge of the harbor ; 
and the result is that Boston seems from some points 
of view to be almost as completely a '^ City of the 
Sea " as Venice. ISTortheast of it, at some miles dis> 
tance, the bold headland of N'ahant runs southward 
from the mainland at Lynn, behhid Chelsea point, 
adding to the picturesqueness of the whole harbor, 
as well as aiding the several islands ( Castle Island, 
fortified by Fort Independence ; Governor's Island, 
Fort Winthrop ; George's Island, Fort Warren ; Deer 
Island, occupied by House of Industry and other 
public luildings; and others, minor in size and im- 
portance) in sheltering it from the rough winds of 
the east. An additional feature of the old cit}', or 
'•' Boston Proper," is found in three eminences or 
slight hills on and among which it was originally 
built, giving it the name of the ^' Tri-Montane City," 
and originating the name of " Tremont " so inti- 
mately connected with it. On the highest of these 
stands the State House, the whole city appearing to 



ROUTE NO. 4:— EASTERN. 117 

elope up to it, and the view, on approach, being thus 
rendered peculiarly impressiye. 

With reference to transit through and about Bos- 
toii, it may be said thai many of the streets, especi- 
ally in the older portions of the town, are crooked 
and involved to a proverb, but that the street-car 
system is very extensive, complete and convenient, 
and tha^ carriage-hire, though high in comparison 
to European, is Itss exorbitant than in IsTew York. 

Of Street?, the best worth noting are Beacon 
Street, at the top of the Common, the most fashion- 
able ; Tremont Street, at the bottom of the Common, 
blending of fashion and business; Washington St. .^ 
nearly parallel with the latter, southward, business 
centre ; State, Congress, and other streets in the 
neighborhood of the Old State House, financial, law, 
etc. Other and newer streets and avenues, lying on 
the Back Bay, west of the Public Garden, are now, 
however, fasliionable; and here have been erected 
the Coliseums for the two great Musical Jubilees. 

Of PabUc G-rounds, Boston has two, within the 
city proper, of peculiar prominence : the Common, a 
triangular park of nearly fifty acres, sloping down 
from the State House, handsomely shaded, with a 
Pond or Lake, and in an enclosure near the middle, 
the celebrated Old Mm called the " Liberty Tree; " 
and the Piiblic Garden, adjoining the Common on 
the West, with a handsome Lake, bridges, floral 
walks, and a fine statue of Washington, by Ball. 

Of Anti(^uities, j)rincipally connected with the 



118 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

War of the Eeyolution, Boston has man}' of interest : 
Faneuil Hall, Faneuil Hall Square, otherwise known 
as the " Cradle of Liberty/' where early meetings of 
patriots were held (still used for meeting purposes, 
and containing some national portraits) ; the Old 
State HousBy State Street ; Brattle Street Church, 
Brattle Street (with one of the round shot of the 
Ch rlestown bombardment still embedded in the front 
Willi ;) Old South Church, corner of Washington and 
Milk Streets; Ordtvay Hall, Province House Court, 
cnce the residence of the Colonial Governors ; Liberty 
Tree, Boston Common; and many others of minor 
consequence. 

Of Public Buildings, deserving attention, are the 
State House (Capitol), Beacon Street, with interest- 
ing military and other memorials, legislative cham. 
bers, etc., within, and splendid and extensive view 
from the roof; Custom House^ foot of State Sh-eet ; 
Exchange, State Street (Post Office below) ; Court 
House, Court Square ; City Hall, School Street (colos- 
sal statue of Franklin, in front) ; Massachusetts 
General Hospital, KWeA\ Street; City Hospital, 'K^vri- 
son Avenue ; Quincy Market, adjoining Faneuil Hall ; 
Boston PuUic Library, Boylston Street; Masonic 
Temple, corner Tremont and Boylston Streets, etc. 
Other erections of interest, the Boston Water Works 
(Reservoir), Derne Street ; the Bridges, connecting 
the various suburbs with the city proper; the Wliarves 
(Long, India, Central, Commercial, etc.), several of 
them of great extent and the system the i)est on the 
Continent. 



ROUTE NO. L— EASTERN. 119 

Of Monuments, of course, the first place is taken 
by the Bunker Hill Monument^ on Breed's Hill, site 
of the Revolutionary battle of the first name. It is 
a plain obelisk of granite, of great height, ascended 
from within, and from the top commanding a most 
extensive and magnificent view. Near it stands the 
Warren Statue, in honor of Dr. Joseph Warren, who 
fell in the battle. In State House, statue of Wash- 
ington, by Chantrey ; and in front of same building, 
bronze statues of Daniel Webster and Horace Mann 
(great Massachusetts organizer of education). In 
front of City Hall, colossal Franklin, before noticed. 
In Public Garden, equestrian Washington^ by Thog. 
Ball, also before noticed. 

Churches of prominence : 8t. PauVs (Episcopr.l), 
Tremont Street ; Christ Church (date 1722), Salem 
Street ; Old South (date 1730), Washington and 
Milk Streets; Brattle Street (Unitarian— date 1773), 
Brattle Street ; ^m^'s Chapel (Unitai'ian — date 1750), 
Tremont and School Streets; Park Street (Congre- 
gational, with finest spire in the city), Park Street, 
facing Tremont ; Central (Congregational : consid- 
ered the handsomest in the City), Berkeley and New- 
bury Streets ; Trinity (Episcopal — date 1735), Sum- 
mer and Hawlej^ Streets; Tremont Temple (general 
devotional) Tremont Street ; Immaculate Conception 
(Roman Catholic), Harrison Avenue, &c., &c. 

In Libraries and Literary Institutions Boston is 
peculiarly rich, the intellectual and educational 
status of the City being especially enviable. Among 



120 SHORT- TRIP G UIDE 

the more notable libraries may be mentioned the 
Boston Public Library ; the Athenceum, (with gal- 
lery of paintings and sculpture); the Mercantile; 
Ar)ierican Acade7ny of Arts a7id Sciences; Nalmral 
History Society ; Massachusetts Historical Society ; 
State, Law, General Theological, and others. 

Commercial Buildings of much merit in architec- 
ture abound in Boston ; though many of the finest 
on Franklin, Devonshire, Summer, Washington, 
Congress, and other stree,ts, were destroyed in the 
great fire of November, 9-lOth, 1872 — the largest 
eyer occurring in America, after that of Chicago, and 
involving the loss of 170,000,000. Boston has won- 
derful powers of recuperation, and great intrinsic 
resources, however; and will soon display all its 
former magnificence, with many improvements. 

Principal Theatres, etc. the Boston Theatre (opera- 
house, at intervals), Washington Street; Globe 
Theatre (late Selwyn's), Washington Street ; Boston 
MuBeum, Tremont Street ; Hoioard Athenceum, How- 
ard Street; Music Hall, Winter Street, near Tre- 
mont (with organ of immense size and power, se- 
cond in the world), etc. Prominent Hotel Build- 
ings (also Hotels) : the American, Hanover Street ; 
Parher, School Street; St. James, Newton Street; 
United States, Beach Street; Tremont, Tremont 
Street ; Revere, Bowdoin Square, etc. 

Excursions from the City, on foot, by horse-car, 
or carriage, include those to Haryakd IJkiversity, 
Cambridge, with 15 buildings, an Anatomical Mu- 



ROUTE NO. L-EA8TERN. 121 

seum, an Observatory, and the first educational rank 
in the Western World ; to the Washington Head 
Quarters (now residence of Professor Longfellow, the 
poet,) also at Cambridge, with Tree, under which 
Washington took command of the American forces ; 
to Mount Auturn Cemetery^ four miles from the city, 
with Tower, commanding excellent view; Chapel, 
containing stained windows, busts of Adams, Win- 
throp, Story, &c. ; and Spurzheim, Bowditch, and 
other handsome and attractive monuments in the 
grounds ; to Forest Hill and Mount Hope Cemete- 
ries^ Eoxbury ; to Woodlawn Cemetery, near Chelsea ; 
to Cocliituate Lake, whence the water-supply for Bos- 
ton is drawn: to Wenham Lahe,w\iQr,GQ is derived 
most of the American ice-supply for Europe ; to 
Fresh Pond, a place of summer resort near Mount 
Auburn, etc. Those by boat or carriage will include 
Nahant, bold headland on the east of the harbor, 
once a fashionable watering-place, and always cool, 
attractive and pleasant ; Lynn, near Nahant, famous 
as the head of the shoe-manufacture of the world ; 
CJielsea Beach, Swampscott and Phillips' Beach, 
northward of Nahant ; NantasTcet Beach, south side 
of the harbor, etc. 

From Boston, also, may be conveniently reached 
[by Boston and Lowell railroad], 

Lowell, large and thriving town on the Merri- 
mac River, at its junction with the Concord. It is 
the largest of the American manufacturing towns, 
and considered the Manchester of the Western 



122 SEORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

World, not less than 50 to 60 large mills being em- 
ployed in the mannfacture of cottons, prints, woollens, 
etc., and the operative labor reaching to the number 
of from 14,000 to 15,000, a large majority females, of 
rare intelligence for their class. The PaiotucTcet 
Falls, near the city, furnish the water-power for all 
the Mills, many of which, with the Falls themselves 
and some of the principal buildings and public 
grounds of the town, are worth examination. Lead- 
ing Hotels : the Merrimac, Washington, and Ameri- 
can. [Rail connection to Groton for all points 
westward; to Nashua, for points northward; to 
Lawrence, eastward, etc.J 

May also be conveniently reached from Boston, 
south-eastward, [Old Colony road], 

Plymouth ("Plymouth Rock"), place of landing 
of the Pilgrim Fathers, with Pilgrims' Hall and 
many interesting relics of the,,early settlement ; and 

New Bedford, on Vineyard Sound, at the head 
of what remains of the whaling business, and a sea- 
port of picturesque location and prominence; or [by 
same and Cape Cod railroad], 

Cape Cod, Yarmouth, Hyannis, and all that wild 
and desolate but interesting section of the Atlantic 
coast. 

May also be conveniently reached from Boston, 
(by Eastern railway, by Somerville, South Maiden, 
Chelsea, Lynn and Swampscott), 

Salem, very old town and port on the coast, with 
a certain celebrity on account of the witch -burnings 



ROUTE NO. L- EASTERN. 123 

and other events of Colonial times, and very pictur- 
esque in location and many of its buildings ; but 
much more notable, now, as at one time the residence 
of Nathaniel Hawthorne and scene of his '* House of 
the Seven Gables" and other stories. Also (by 
Fitchburg Kailway), 

Concord, on the Concord branch of the Merrimac 
River, noted for beauty of scenery in the neighbor- 
hood, and in connection with the literary labors of 
Henry D. Thoreau, Hawthorne, and others. 

Also may be visited, by steamer from New Bedford, 
Martha's Vii^EYAUD, island off the coast, spot 
selected every year in August for the great annual 
Camp-Meeting of the Methodist denomination, and 
now becoming a place of popular resort for bathing 
and sea shore residence, with hotels. (May also be 
reached, direct from New York, by steamer for 
Portland). 



ROUTE NO. 5 -EASTERN. 

BOSTON TO POETLAiirD, QUEBEC AND MONTREAL, BY 

BOSTON AND MAINE, EASTERN, AND GRAND 

TRUNK ROADS. 

Division A. 

BOSTON TO AND AT PORTLAND, BY BOSTON AND 
MAINE ROAD. 

Leave Boston by rail on the Boston and Maine 
railroad, by Medford, Melrose, South Reading Junc- 
tion [connection for ISTortli Danvers, Georgetown 
and Neiuhuryporf], Eeading, Wilmington Junction 
[connection for Lowell], and minor stations, to 

Lawrence, large mannfacturing town of the State 
of Massachusetts, with heavy specialty of cotton and 
prints, lying on the Merrimac Eiver, whence, by 
means of a dam, the important water-power is de-~ 
rived. Some of the mills are of immense size and 
capacity, employing operators to the number of thou- 
sands. Has a Common, a City Hall, and other build- 
ings worth notice; and an Oioerative Library form- 
ing a special feature. [Railway connection with 
Lowell, and thence with Nashua and the North, 
with Boston and the South, &c. ; also Northwest 
with Manchester, Concord, &c.] 

Lawrence by N. Andover, Bradford [connection 
for Georgetown and Newluryporf], Haverhill (with 
fine long Bridge over the Merrimac to Bradford, and 



ROUTE NO. 5.— EASTERN. 125 

some educational institutions of prominence), Atkin- 
son, Newton, &c., to 

ExETEK, New Hampshire, lying on Exeter River, 
and a place of importance in coasting commerce ai^d 
manufactures; thence by S. Newmarket to 

JSfeiumarhet Junction [connection west to Concord 
and the Eranconia Range of the "White Mountains; 
and east to 

PoETSMOUTH, New Hampshire, on the Piscataqua 
River, second city of the State in importance, with 
a large and very fiiie harbor ; a United States Navy 
Yard ; and a connection, by bridje, with Kittery, 
Maine, also an important naval station. Erom 
Portsmouth can be reached Eye Beach and Hampton 
Beach, attractive bathing-places on the New Hamp- 
shire coast, and the Ides of Shoals^ off the coast, 
celebrated fishing and summer resorts.] 

Pursuing the main line, Newmarket Junction, by 
Newmarket, Durham, &c. (within sight of the broad 
Piscataqua) to 

Dover, New Hampshire, thriving town on the 
Piscataqua. [Connection, west, for Alton Bay, Lake 
Winnepesaukie, and the White Mountains.] 

Dover, by Salmon Falls [connection for Great 
Ealls, Rochester, and to Alton Bay, &c.] ; by South 
Berwich Junction [connection eastward for Kittery 
and Portsmoutli\ ; by Wells, Kennebunk, Biddeford, 
Saco (large manufacturing village on the Saco River, 
with extensive water-power and very handsome 
Laurel Hill Cemetery), West Scarboro, Cape- Eliza- 
beth, and minor stations, to 



126 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

PoRTLAi^D, commercial metropolis of the State of 
Maine, and one of the most important cities of the 
East, lying on a peninsula at the Southwest of Casco 
Bay, with a very handsome and conyenient location 
and one of the deepest and best harbors on the At- 
lartic coast. The harbor has many fine islands, and 
is defended by Fort Preble and other extensive forti- 
cations. A great fire, in 1866, destroyed a large por- 
tion of the city, but the marks are now only visible 
in the increased beauty of the well-laid-out and 
handsomely-shaded city. From the Observatory, 
overlooking the harbor, fine views can be caught 
over the sea and coast, and over the distant country. 
West to the White Mountains. The most extensive 
thoroughfare is Congress street, which runs the whole 
distance of the peninsula. Among the most notable 
buildings are the City Hall, Court House, Marine 
Hospital, and some of the churches, manufacturing 
and commercial structures. The Atheneum and 
Mercantile Library have fine libraries; and the 
Natural History Society possesses an excellent cabi- 
net of varied character. Excursions from Portland 
include the Islands in the Bay ; Cape Elizabeth, a 
favorite bathing and fishing resort on south side of 
tne Bay; Sebago Pond; and many of minor inter- 
est. Prominent Hotels at Portland : the Falmouth, 
Preble, &c. 

[The Allan Lines of steamships between Liver- 
pool and Glasgow, and Halifax, Quebec and Mon- 
treal, make Portland an important depot at all sea- 



i 



BOTTTE NO. ^.—EASTERN. 137 

sons and the port and end of sea-route in the winter 
season.] 

[Eailway connection from Portland southward, 
by route just traversed ;^ to Montreal and Quebec, by 
Grand Trunk (see route following) ; to Augusta, 
Bangor, Moosehead Lake, &c., by the Maine Central ; 
to Lake Winnepesaukie and the White Mountains, 
by the North New Hampshire, &c.] 

Division B, 

BOSTOIT TO POBTLAND, BY EASTEEK EAILKOAD. 

Leave Bostoi;i by rail on the- Eastern Eailroad, by 

Ltn"]!^, important manufacturing town, on the 
upper side of Boston Harbor, with specialty of the 
most extensive shoe-manufacturing in the world; by 

Salem, old town and port on the coast, with an 
im;^ortant history in colonial times, and interesting 
reminiscences of Hawthorne (see p. 122); by 

Beverly, celebrated as the home of the peculiar 
New England dish, " baked-beans " (connections 
eastward to Gloucester and Cape Ann) ; by Ipswich ; 

by 

Newbueyport, town and coasting-seaport of 
prominence, lying at the mouth of the Merrimac 
River, with a fine harbor and much beauty in loca- 
cation and surroundings, and by many considered 
one of the handsomest towns in Massachusetts. 
Hotel, the Merrimac House, [Connection west for 
Bradford, Lowell, &c.] 



128 SHORT- TBIP GUIDE. 

ISTewbiiryport to 

Salishtiry, small town of age and past importance, 
and with a mingled celebrity as the place wliere 
many considerable events in colonial history oc- 
curred, of which, and past residents, many inter- 
esting monuments remain in the neighborhood — as 
also as the birthplace of the mother of Daniel Web- 
ster, as that of Caleb Gushing, &c. [Connection 
westward is made from Salisbury to Amesbury, pil- 
grimage of no secondary importance as the home of 
one of the first of American poets, JoHi^ G. 
Whittier.] 

Salisbury to 

POETSMOUTH, leading seaport and naval depot, 
belonging to the State of New Hampshire, and the 
only marine port of the State ; lying at the mouth 
of the Piscataqua Eiver, with fine harbor, United 
States Navy Yard, costly dry-docks, and all appur- 
tenances of such a station ; also with some interest- 
ing churches, many fine buildings (some very old — 
among others the Langdon residence), tomb of Sir 
William Pepperell, well shaded streets, and much 
celebrity as a place of summer resort, of its^-lf and 
as a place of departure for Rye Beach, Ham2)ton 
Beach, the Isles of Shoals, and other hot- weather 
habitats. (See p. 125.) Hotels, the Philhrick, 
Rochingham, City, &c. 

Across the Piscataqua lies the town of 

Kittery, Maine, virtually a part of Portsmouth, 



ROUTE NO. h-E ASTERN. 138a 

though in another State, and forming also a part of 
the na.yal station. 

Portsmouth to 

Comoay J"?/ ?iCif^o?^ (connection. westward for Con- 
way and the White Mountains). To 

South Berwich Junction. [Connection with the 
Boston and Maine road, from the southward — iden- 
tical with this route thence hy Kennehunh, Bidde- 
ford and Saco to Portland.] (See p. 126.) 

Division G. 

PORTLAND TO QUEBEC OR MONTREAL. 

Leave Portland by rail on the Grand Trunk Eail- 
way, by minor stations to Yarmouth Junction [con- 
nection for Augusta, capital of the State of Maine, 
lying on the Kennebec Eiver ; for Bangor, imporf"ant 
town on the Penobscot River; and for towns and 
sections farther east] ; to Danville Junction [con- 
nection for Bangor, for Showhegan and Moosehead 
I^ke] ; by minor stations to Gorham, at tlie north- 
ern edge of the White Mountains [important inter- 
sections, by stage-coaches, to and from the mountain 
towns and resorts; and views of tlio mountains, in 
fine weather, peculiarly striking, from all this section 
of the road] ; to Island Pond [connection, south- 
westward, with the Connecticut and Passumpsic 
River Railway, from Vermont and Franconia Notch 
sections] ; to Stanstead [carriage communication 
with Lake Memphremagog] ; to Sherhroolc [another 



1285 SHOET-TEIP GUIDE. 

connection with the Connecticut and Passumpsic 
Eiyer line] ; to Richmond [point of divergence of 
the branches of the Grank Trunk road, to Montreal 
and Quebec]. 

Pursuing the route to Montreal: Richmond by 
St. Hyacinthe, St. Brune, St. Hilaire, and other un- 
important stations, to 8t. Lamhert, on the St. Law- 
rence River, the Victoria Bridge and Montreal. 

Pursuing the route to Quebec: Richmond by 
Danville, Arthabasca [connection by Bulstrode, to 
Doucefs Landing, on St. Lawrence River, at lower 
end of Lake St. Peter; thence by ferry to Three 
Rivers, Canada] ; by Becancour, Black River, and 
minor stations, to Chaudiere Junction [connection 
for Riviere du Loup and Lower St. Lawrence] ; to 
Point Levi, on the St. Lawrence, whence ferry to 
Quelec. 

[For notes of Montreal and Quebec, see Canadian 
routes.] 



ROUTE NO. 6 -NORTHERN AND EASTERN. 

BOSTOIT TO LAKE WIl^KIPESAUKIE, THE WHITE 
MOUNTAIN'S AND PORTLAND (OPTION OF CANA- 
DIAN cities) — BY BOSTON AND MAINE RAIL- 
ROAD, &C. 

Leaye Boston by Boston and Maine railroad, as by 
route to Portland, &c. As by that route, to 

Dover, New Hampshire. Thence Dover and Win- 
nipesaukie road, by Gonic, Rochester [junction with 
road from Salmon Falls by Great Falls, and its ex- 
tension northward to Z/hionviUe] Farmington, 
Davis', New Durham and Alton, to 

Alton Bay, at the extreme southern point of Lahe 
Winnipesauhie — pleasant residence, with fine views 
of the Lake and mountains northward, but deriving 
its principal importance from the railway and 
steamer transit through it. From Alton Bay a visit 
should be paid, if time allows, before proceeding 
northward, by " Lady of the Lake " or other staunch 
little steamers on the Lake, to 

WoLFBORo', on the eastern side of the Lake, a 
charming summer resort, with fine views, excellent 
sailing and fishing, and much attraction and popu- 
larity as a residence. Hotel : the Pavilion. [Stage- 
coach may be taken at Wolfboro', for proceeding 
northward to Conway, without visiting Centre Har- 



130 8E0BT-TRIP GUIDE. 

bor ; but this course is scarcely advisable on a first 
visit.] Wolfboro', again by steamboat, through 
charming lake-scenery, to 

Cektke Harbok, larger village on the northern 
shore of the Lake, the location of which is considered 
unequalled by many tourists, as the Lake itself, 
with its exquisite combination of island groups and 
wooded shore, with bold mountains forming a back- 
ground in all northerly directions, is one of the 
very finest in America and with few superiors 
elsewhere. Leading Hotel: the Senter House, 
Among the finest points of mountain view, from 
Centre Harbor and elsewhere on the Lake, may be 
named Mounts SalmonirooJc, Whiteface, Ossipee, 
Major, Chicorua, Red Mountain (ascent by carriage 
and on horseback), Eearsarge and Monadnock. 
Many and charming excursions are made from the 
village, on the lakes, to the mountains an^ elsewhere; 
and among the most notable is that to Squam 
Lake, lying a few miles west of Winnipesaukie 
very romantic in scenery, and supplying rare trout 
and other fishing. 

At Centre Harbor stage-coach is taken, for re- 
mainder of the route northward to the White Moun- 
tains. This affords one of the most magnificent 
rides attainable in the world, especially if fine 
weather allows outside seats on the coach to be 
used. The road leads up the Saco Eiver, along the 
charming Conway Valley, with views of the Lake 
district lingering behind, and others of the great 



BO UTE NO. ^.—NORTHERN AND EASTERN 131 

mountain section continually changing ahead, and 
with Mount Washington^ the monarch of the east- 
ern range, often in sight. This ride terminates at 

XoKTH Conway, a picturesque village lying in the 
yalley, from which the views of the White Eange are 
something, in comparison, like those of Mt. Blanc 
from Ohamounix, while the number of easy excur- 
sions to celebrated points is almost unequalled. It 
is here that many of the artists' summer sketches, 
especially of Kearsarge and GMcorua and the higher 
peaks of the White Mountains, all in full view, are 
made ; while the Ledges (grand perpendicular cliffs, 
nearly one thousand feet in height) Artists^ Brook, 
the Cathedral, Diana's Bath, &c., are within conve- 
nient reach. Prominent Hotels : the Kearsarge, 
Washington, McMillan, Cliff, etc. 

North Conway, by stage-coach or carriage, through 
Pinkham Notch, surrounded by the lesser giants of 
the White Eange, to the 

GLEi^ House, with much fine scenery in the neigh- 
borhood, but especially notable as being the nearest 
of any of the mountain resorts to the great peaks of 
the White Range, and giving the rarest views of 
them — as well as the point from which the ascent of 
Mount Washington is made, by rail. Among the 
points of interest to be visited from the Glen, are 
Thompson^ s and Glen Ellis Falls, the former on the 
Peabody River, some two miles from the hotel, 
and the latter on the Ellis, about four miles ; the 
Crystal Cascade, near Glen Ellis; Garnet and 



132 SEOBT-TBIP GUIDE, 

Emerald Pools, with peculiar colors indicated bj 
their names, &c. But the speciality of the Glen 
House, as before noted, is the 

Ascent of Mount Washington, by railway. The 
features of this ascent need no description, especially 
to those who have made Alpine crossings by rail. 
It is considered eminently safe, has little fatigue in- 
volved, and certainly supplies all the elements of the 
picturesque and the exciting. Stout clothing is ad- 
visable, if not always necessary. This ascent being 
made in the morning, the top of the giant will be 
reached at the most favorable hour, and the luonder- 
ful view from the summit enjoyed, if the capricious 
weather allows that great privilege. This view is 
quite equal to that from the Ehigi or Pilatus, over 
Switzerland, though perhaps lacking the variety in 
scenery. To the west, in bright weather, are eeen 
the higher peaks of the Green Mountains of Ver- 
mont ; southwest, some of the White and many of 
the Franconia Eange — especially Lafayette; north 
and north-east, the other great peaks of the White 
Range, and more distant the mountains of Canada ; 
east the sea, beyond Portland ; southeast and south 
those surrounding Lake Winnipesaukie, and that 
Lake itself; while various rivers, small lakes, towns 
and hamlets combine to make up a picture of mar- 
vellous extent and beauty. Dinner is provided at 
the Tip-To;p House, on the summit, where during 
the last seasons scientists have resided all winter, to 
make observations. 



BOUTENO. Q.-NOBTHEBN AND EASTEBN. 133 

Horses (kept in waiting) and guides should be 
taken at the summit, and the descent made in the 
other direction, crossing Mts. Franhlin, Monroe and 
Pleasant ; and the three wondrous gulfs, the Gulf 
of Mexico, TucTcerman's Ravine, and Calces' Gulf 
(some or all of them containing deep snow in 
midsummer) will be pointed out by the guides. 
At the end of nine miles' descent will be reached 
the 

Ceawford House, lying in what is now called 
the Willey Notch, and nearly at the foot of ML 
Craivford, while Mt. Webster and other giants of the 
range show grandly northward. The most marked 
feature in the neighborhood of the Crawford, is 
the 

Willey House, standing at a short distance up the 
Notch, where in 1826 a landslide from the mountain 
above destroyed the family of the same name, and 
their residence — of which catastrophe many relics 
are yet pointed out and a few of them still offered 
for sale. From the Crawford may also be made 
the 

Ascent of Mt. Willard, practicable either by car- 
riage or on foot, and affording a most magnificent 
series of views from near the summit ; as also visit 
to the DeviVs Den, a cave of peculiar wildness and 
some danger of access. Also may be visited, from the 
Crawford, GUIs' Falls, a cascade of much beauty, 
reached by short walk from the house. 

.From the Crawford House, by stage-coach or car- 



134 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

riage, by the Wliite Mountain House, Falls of the 
Ammonoosuc, and BetJileTiem, to the 

Profile House, in the Franconia Notch. 

[For notes on the Profile House and neighbor- 
hood, see termination of route: "New York to the 
"White Mountains, by New London, &c." — Route 
No. 7.] 

[The tourist who has made his arrival at the 
Franconia Notch by the just completed route from 
Boston, and who yet wishes to return southward 
without proceeding to either Quebec or Montreal, 
should pursue one of the following named routes in 
return, for the sake of variety in direction and 
scenery. 1st. From Littleton (stage-coach from the 
Profile House), by rail by Wells River, Plymouth, 
Weir's Landing, Concord, Worcester and New Lon- 
don, and steamboat of Norwich and Worcester line 
from New London to New York. (See route No. 
7 : "New York to the White Mountains," reversing.) 
Or, 2d. From Littleton to Wells River, and con- 
tinue by rail by White River Junction, Bellows 
Falls, Springfield, Hartford and New Haven to New 
York. Or, 3d. From Littleton to Wells River, 
White River Junction, Bellows Falls, Rutland, Troy 
or Albany ; and down the Hudson River by boat or 
rail to New York. Or, 4th. From Littleton to Wells 
River, White River Junction, Burlington, boat on 
Lake Champlain to Ticoncleroga (for Lake George) 
or Whitehall, Saratoga, Albany or Troy, and boat 
or rail to New* York.] . ■ 



i 



ROUTE NO. Q.—N'OBTHEUN AND EASTERN. 135 

[To go northward from Littleton to Montreal or 
Quebec. For Mo:n"tiieal, to Wliite River Junction, 
thence to Burlington, St. AWan^s, and St. Jolin^s to 
the Victoria Bridge and Montreal. For Quebec, 
to Wells River, Newport (Lake Memphremagog), 
Lenoxville, Richmond and Arthdbasca, to Point Levi 
and ferry to Quebec] 



ROUTE NO. 7 -NORTHERN AND EASTERN. 

yEW YORK TO THE WHITE MOUKTAII^^S AKD CANADA, 

BY NEW LONDON, NORWICH AND WORCESTER, 

LAKE WINNIPESAUKIE, ETC. ; OR BY NEW 

LONDON AND NORTHERN ROAD. 

Division A, 

BY NEW LONDON, NORWICH AND WORCESTER, 
MERRIMAC AND WINNIPESAUKIE ROUTE. 

Leave New York at 5 P. M., on Sound, by Nor- 
wich and Worcester boat, as by corresponding line 
for Boston. (See Boston route : " By boat by New 
London, &c.") As by that route, to New London, 
Norwich, and to 

Worcester, point of separation of the trains east- 
ward for Boston and northward for the Mountains. 
Worcester to 

Groton Junction [connections eastward for Con- 
cord and Boston ; also eastward for Lowell and 
Lawrence; also westward for the Hoosic Tunnel 
(immense work of engineering, on the Mt. Oenis 
plan, not yet completed), for Albany, Troy, &c.] 
Very soon after leaving G-roton Junction comes into 
view the Merrimac River, with the striking and pic- 
turesque scenery of the 

Valley of the Merrimac, considered among the 



BO UTE NO. l.—NOBTHEBN- AND EA8TEBN. 137 

finest rivers in New England, and thenceforward ac- 
companying the traveler almost to the foot of the 
mountains. Next important point is 

Manchester, New Hampshire, large and thriving 
manufacturing village, on the Merrimac, the mills 
and some other factories worthy of attention from 
those whose leisure permits stoppage, but showing 
even more than ordinary interest in manufacturing 
detail, even from the train. Hotel: the Mancliester 
House. Manchester, still along the Merrimac, to 

CoiS'CORD, capital of the State of New Hampshire, 
lying on the same river, and piesenting many points 
of attraction for visit or residence. It has handsome 
public grounds; notable public buildings, in the 
State House (recently rebuilt), the State Lunatic 
Asylum, State Prison, and some of the municipal 
and other erections; and Main street, the principal 
thoroughfare, is remarkably long, fine and well 
kept. It has great granite quarries in the neighbor- 
hood, a considerable amount of manufactures and 
much general prosperity. Leading Hotel : the Eagle 
House. [Connection by rail, eastward to Dover, 
Portsmouth, &c.; westward to the Connecticut 
Valley routes northward and southward, &c.] Con- 
cord (with distant but very fine views of the Win- 
nipesaukie and White Mountains commencing, and 
thence continuing, with infinite variations, to the 
end of the route), by Sanbornton and other stations 
to 

Wsir^s Landing, at the western edge of LaJce 



138 SHORT- TRIP GUIDE. 

WinnipesauJcie, with very fine views over the Lake 
and its many islands. [Connection, by boat on the 
Lake, for Ce^itre Harbor or Wolfboro', and thence by 
stage-coach for Conway and the White Range.] 
Weir's Landing, by Meredith, &c., to 

Plymouth, at the foot of the mountains, with 
splendid views southward and many attractions as a 
place of sojourn. Hotel : the Pemigawasset. (Lei- 
surely pause, for dinner) . 

[At Plymouth stage-coach or private carriage 
may be tak^n, for the splendid drive of twenty-five 
to thirty miles, up through the Valley of the Pemi- 
gatuasset, to the Profile House — during which a se- 
ries of views will be enjoyed, approaching the moun- 
tains, not often equalled in any land.] 

From Plymouth, by rail, literally among the moun- 
tains, and among glorious scenery, to 

Wells River [connection westward for Montpelier 
(capital of the State of Vermont) and N'orthern 
Vermont; southward for Wliite River Junction. 
Route may also be pursued north wa^'d, either before 
or after visiting the Frauconia Notch, to Newport 
and the beautiful Lake Memphremagog, lying on 
the border between Vermont and Canada, and offer- 
ing fine views, picturesque scenery, excellent fishing, 
and many other attractions. Or, the same route 
may be pursued, to Newport, thence on by way of 
Richmond, &o., to Quebec, or bending westward 
from Richmond, to Montreal.] 

Wells River, through even grander scenery than 
that from Plymouth, to 



ROUTE NO. 1.— NORTHERN AND EASTERN. 139 

Littleton, small village at the entrance of the Fran- 
con ia Notch, whence stage-coach is taken, for the 
ride through the Notch, with many of the best 
features of American mountain scenery, to the 

Peofile House. [For notes on the Profile House 
and neighborhood, see immediately following.] 

Division B. 

BY NEW LOKDOK AND THE NEW LONDON NORTH- 
ERN ROUTE. 

New York by Norwich and Worcester boat on the 
Sound, 5 P. M., as by route just concluded, to 

Neiu London. (Later rest is secured, by this 
route, than by that by Worcester and Winnipesau- 
kie, from the non-necessity of taking the train until 
5 A. M.) From New London by rail, by Norioich, 
through a very pleasant and prosperous part of the 
State of Connecticut, and past villages embodying 
large manufacturing interests ; by Willimantic (man- 
ufacturing village, with railway connections west- 
ward to the Hartford, Provide ce and Fishkill road) ; 
by Tolland, Stafford, Monson, &c., to Palmer [con- 
nections eastward to Worcester and Boston, west- 
ward to Springfield, for either Hartford, iVezi^ Haven 
and New York, or Pittsfleld, Albany and Troy]. 
Palmer to Amherst, where the peculiarly splendid 
scenery of the line, embodying the bold character- 
istics of the G-reen Mountain region of Vermont, 
may be said properly to begin, continuing thence all 
the way to White Eiver Junction. Amherst to 



140 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

Groufs Corners, imj)ortant station. [Connectiou8, 
eastward to Fitchlurg, Groton and BosTOi^; west- 
ward to Greenfield^ North Adams, &c., and to 
KiJBAj^Y and Troy.] G-rout's Corners, by Soutli 
Vernon, to 

Brattleboro, Vermont, thriving town on the 
Connecticut Riyer, with some manufactures, a spe- 
cialty of being markedly healthy as a residence, and 
a State Lunatic Asylum bearing a very high reputa- 
tian. Brattleboro to 

Bellows Falls, also on the Connecticut River, de- 
riving its singular name from an ancient peculiarity 
of the river in the neighborhood. [Connections 
northwest to Rutland, Burlington, Lake Champlain, 
&c.; and southeast to Keene, Groton, Boston, &c.] 
Bellows Falls by Claremont and Windsor, to 

White River Junction, at the intersection of the 
White River with the Connecticut, important place 
of transfer in cross-traveL [Connections, west to 
Rutland, Whitehall, Saratoga, &c.; northwest to 
Montpelier, Burlington, Rouse's Point and Canada ; 
east to Concord, Salem, Boston, &c.] White River 
Junction to 

Wells River. [Northern connections to Newport, 
LaJce Memphremagog, Quehec or Montreal, as in last 
previous route.] 

Wells River to Littleton; thence by stage-coach 
as before noted, to the 

Profile House. 



RO UTE NO. n.— NORTHERN AND EASTERN. U\ 

Division C. 

at and about the pkopile house (fral^coi^ia 

notch). 

Probably no section of mountain scenery in 
America, of like extent, presents so many points of 
interest and beauty as appear in the Franconia 
Notch, though in the detail of absolute grandeur it 
can by no means claim the same distinction. 
Taking the Profile House as the central point, the 
principal objects may be found grouped around it 
within very brief distance, as follows : 

Echo Lahe, lying within a few hundreds of yards, 
embosomed in fine woods, under the brow of Eagle 
Cliff, affording fine views of Mt. Lafayette, charm- 
ing boating, and a repetition of echoes (from the 
Cliff), scarcely second to those of the Eagle's Nest 
at Killarney. The 

Cannon Mountain, at the base of which the Pro- 
file House stands, and ascended from it, with mod- 
erate difficulty, a magnificent view being the re- 
ward. On the top of the mountain, at near the brow 
overhanging the valley, some rocks, singularly dis- 
posed, suggest the shape of a Cannon, mounted on 
its carriage, whence the name; and the extreme 
brow of the mountain itself forms, in a peculiar com- 
bination of great rocks, the 

Old Man of the Mountain, colossal face, sixty feet 
in height from chin to brow, hanging over the im- 
mense gulf, and perfect in every detail of a majestic 



142 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

human face, as seen from the road at some distance 
below the Profile (which of course takes its name 
from that view). Below this, which is undoubtedly 
the most striking single curiosity of all the range, 
lies the little Profile Lake, sometimes called the 
"Old Man's Bath," or " Washbowl/' or '^Mirror," 
affording a wonderful reflection of the stony face in 
calm weather, and said to be full of fine trout. A 
mile below the Profile is to be reached (ride or 
walk), the Basin, pool of remarkable shape and 
character, and Old Man^s Foot^ lying in it in colos- 
sal stone. Thence, five miles further, the Flume 
House^ summer resort, now disused ; and near it 

The Flume, only second to the Old Man of the 
Mountain as a great natural curiosity, being an im- 
mense fissure or split in the solid rock of the moun- 
tain, varying from 10 to 20 feet in width, and the 
walls from 20 up to 100 feet in height, with a small 
rapid stream brawling over rough stones below, and 
a boarded walk up the gorge. At one point, a hugp 
oval stone, of many tons in weight, hangs by the 
two points midway up the chasm ; and at another 
a dangerous bridge has been thrown over, at the 
top, by the falling of a tree. At no great distance 
from the Flume lies 

The Pool, a literal hole in the rock, of great depth 
and singularity of appearance, reached by a difficult 
climb down the bank, and formerly the abode of a 
strange madman named Merrill, who paddled visi 
tors round it in a crazy boat, declared it the " centre 



BO TJTE NO. 1.— NORTHERN AND EASTERN. 143 

of the earth," and exhibited a letter to him from 
Queen Victoria, dated at the Kitchen of Bucking- 
ham Palace ! 

From the front of the Flume House and neigh- 
borhood is to be seen a natural wonder of great 
prominence, the 

Dead Washington, being the profile face and form 
of that hero, in a recumbent position and as if 
shrouded, lying at a length of miles, the shape sup- 
plied by the shapes and position of several moun- 
tains of the Haystack group. May also be seen, be- 
tween the Profile and the Flume, at some distance 
from the road, Walher^s Falls, a fine cascade ; and 
two miles below the Flume, Georgiana Falls, the 
largest in the range. 

Of Ascents from the Profile, besides that of the 
Cannon, the principal are those of 

Mount Lafayette, the highest peak of the Franco- 
nia Range, and commanding a fine view, with only 
a limited amount of toil (horseback or foot) — and 
Bald Mountain,Si lower elevation, but still with fine 
view (carriage). 

[From the Profile House to Crawford Rouse, 
(carriage) for the White Range and ascent of Mount 
Washington from that direction, with descent by 
rail to the Glen House ; or to Littleton, Wells River 
and White River Junction, for pursuance of the 
route to Canada.] 



ROUTE 8 -NEAR WESTERN. 

NEW YOKK, BY EAIL, BY THE KEW JERSEY CITIES, 
TO AND AT PHILADELPHIA. 

Division A. 

NEW YORK TO PHILADELPHIA, BY THE PENNSYL- 
VANIA RAILROAD. 

Leave New York by the Pennsylvania Eailroad, 
by ferry from foot of Oortlandt street, or foot of 
Desbrosses street; cross the Hudson river, to 

Jersey City, a large and thriving town, lying in 
the State of New Jersey, but really a suburb and 
connection of New York, with which most of its 
more important business interests are identified. It 
is growing and improving rapidly, is laymg out pub- 
lic grounds, has extensive Water- Works, and enjoys 
the specialty of the Cunard Docks near the ferry, 
from which sail all the steamers of that popular line. 
Hotels, Taylofs, American, Fishes, &c. From Jer- 
sey City, by rail, across flat and uninteresting 
country, to 

Newark, on the Passaic River, now largest city 
in the State, and one of the handsomest, as well as 
most important in point of manufactures, especially 
of leather, carriages and fancy work. [Reached by 
steamboat and other water- conveyance from New 



( 



ROUTE NO. K—NEAR WESTERN. 145 

York. Also reached from New York by train on 
the Newark and New York road, from foot of 
Liberty street ; and (northern portion) by the Mor- 
ris and Essex road, from foot Barclay street.] It is 
regularly laid out ; has two handsome parks, many 
charming drives in the neighborhood ; a great num- 
ber and variety of the residences of the wealthy on 
Broad and other principal streets ; some public 
buildings worthy of attention (including the Post 
Office, City Hall, County Court House and several 
of the many churches) ; and is famed for the excep- 
tional beauty of its female population, as seen on 
promenade or elsewhere. Hotel : the Newark House. 
From Newark visit may be paid to Orange, very 
beautiful village, lying near, at the north; to the 
Orange Mountains ; to the popular place of resort, 
Llewellyn Park, &c. Or, they may be reached di- 
rectly from New York by the Morris and Essex 
road, foot of Barclay street.] Newark to 

Elizabeth, smaller town somewhat resembling 
Newark in appearance and general characteristics, 
though less notable in manufactures and possibly ex- 
celling the other in the finished beauty of some of 
its suburban grounds and wealthy residences. Has 
the specialty of being passed through, daily, by 
more railway trains than almost any other town in 
America, two great lines intersecting in it, and an 
immense coal-trade from Eastern Pennsylvania 
passing through it to its adjoining town and the 
principal entrepot and shipping-port of that article, 



146 SHOBT-TBIP GUIDE. 

Elizabethj)ort. Kivals Newark in female beauty, in 
fashion and the wealth of residents. [Also reached 
from New York by the JSTew Jersey Central road, 
foot of Liberty street.] Elizabeth to 

Railway, handsome village, also much affected as 
a residence of citizens, and with specialty of con- 
siderable manufactures, for the Southern and other 
markets. Eahway to 

New Brunswick, one of the oldest towns in the 
State, though inferior in size to several others. It 
is pleasantly situated on the Earitan Kiver, has a 
considerable amount of manufactures, and is the 
point of entrance into the Raritan River and Bay of 
the same name (Lower New York Bay)^ of the Dela- 
ware and Raritan Canal, from the Delaware River 
at Bordentown. Its principal celebrity, however, 
lies in its being the seat of Rutgers College, and the 
Theological Seminary of the Reformed Dutch 
Church, both old and influential institutions, hold- 
ing excellent rank. Among the buildings best worth 
notice, are those of the College, on an elevated 
square, within view from the railway; the Theo- 
logical Hall ; the County Buildings, in the public 
square ; and several churches of prominence. Many 
fine drives are to be enjoyed by those making stay, 
into the handsome and well-cultivated country in 
the neighborhood, to Bound Brook, &c. Leading 
Hotels, the Railroad, Bulls Head, &c. 

Beyond New Brunswick, the railway is accom- 
panied for much of the distance by the Delaware 



RO UTE NO. 8.— NEAR WESTERN. 147 

and Karitan Canal. At Monmoutli Junction inter- 
section is made for Freeliold, the Battle Ground of 
Monmouth^ and south-eastern portions of the State. 
Kcxt stopping place of importance, 

Pkin"CETOH — Station, the town lying away at the 
right, though in sight, and steam connection in wait- 
ing. Princeton is another of the old and import- 
ant towns of the State, with a peculiar status in Rey- 
olutionary history as having been the scene of one of 
Washington's most memorable conflicts, of which the 
field extends from the town itself to what is called 
the " Battle Ground," more than a mile distant. Its 
more marked celebrity, however, lies in its being the 
seat of the College of New Jersey (called alternately, 
" Princeton College," and often, from one of the 
oldest buildings, " Nassau Hall.") It is also the seat 
of the Theological Seminary of the Presbyterian de- 
nomination, in connection with the College, which 
has long enjoyed a very high reputation, and which 
is now presided over by the celebrated Scotch di- 
vine, Dr. McCosh, late of Queen's College, Belfast. 
The grounds of the College (like many of those of 
the town) are very handsome. Peale's " Washing- 
ton," in the College library, is a picture of merit and 
historical interest. To the College has also lately 
been added an Astronomical Observatory^ with fine 
instruments. 

Beyond Princeton is soon reached 

TEEiq^TON", capital of the State of New Jersey, 
lying on the left or east bank of the Delaware river, 



148 . SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

and famous as the scene of Washington's " Crossing 
the Delaware," January, 1777. It is a thriving manu- 
facturing town, especially preeminent in iron works ; 
and has very costly constructions connected with 
the passage through the town of the Delaware and 
Raritan Canal. [Railroad connection, north, for 
Belvidere, Easton, and the Upper ^ Delaware and 
Pennsylvania Coal-Regions ; and south to Borden- 
toivn, and by that route to Philadelphia.] The 
principal erections of prominence are the State 
House^ modern and very handsome (with valuable 
Revolutionary memorials in the Library) ; the State 
Lunatic Asylum, Arsenal^ Penitentiary, and some 
of the County buildings. The views over the Dela- 
ware and the Pennsylvania shore opposite, from 
some portions of the town, are very fine and memor- 
able. Prominent hotels, the American and Trenton. 

[Optional route may be taken, at Trenton, by 
rail, down the Delaware River to Bordentoivn and 
Camden, thence to Philadelphia by ferry. See 
Division B. of this route.] 

At Trenton the Delaware River is crossed, by 
bridge, to the State of Pennsylvania, by 

Bristol, handsome and thriving village of that 
State, and by Franhford (with a United States 
Arsenal) to Kensington and West Philadelphia, point 
of debarkation for 

Philadelphia. 



BOUTE NO. 8.— NEAR WESTERN. 149 

Division B. 

NEW YORK TO PHILADELPHIA, BY CAMDEN AND 
AMBOY ROUTE. 

Leave New York by Pennsylvania Eailroad, from 
foot of Oortlandt street, or foot Desbrosses street, as 
by Division A, of this route ; by Jersey City^ 
JSfewarh, and Elizabeth, to Rahioay. (See Division 
A.) Thence diverging to 

. Woodbridge, handsome village on the creek of the 
same name, emptying into Staten Island Sound; 
thence to 

Perth Amboy, old but decayed seaport, once ex- 
pected to become the rival of New York, especially 
in the India and tea trade, and with the noted 
Thomas H. Smith tea warehouses still standing. 
From Perth Amboy by ferry (or bridge), \o 

South Amboy y former place of debarkation from 
the New York steamers of the Camden and Amboy 
boat line. [From South Amboy, all-rail route 
to Keyporty Middletown and Long Branch, will 
branch from this line when completed.] From 
South Amboy continue by rail to 

Jamesburg, thriving small town, with State Eeform 
School for Boys. [Connection southward to Freehold, 
thence to Long Branch and the south-east; and 
northward to Pennsylvania Eailroad at Monmouth 
Junction, for Newark, Trenton, &c.] Thence to 



150 8E0BT-TB1P OUIDR 

Cranlerry, Hightstown [connection to Pemberton 
and southwest] and 

BoEDENTOWi^, handsome large village on the 
Delaware, and point of entrance into that river, of 
the Delaware and Raritan Canal ; famous as having 
long been the residence (at Point Breeze— grounds 
to the right) of Joseph Bonaparte, ex-king of Spain. 
[Connection by boat down the Delaware to Phila- 
delphia ; by rail to Trenton, &c.J Bordentown to 
BuELiNGTOiq", also lying on the Delaware, and 
considered one of the handsomest towns in the 
State. It is the seat of Burlington College (Episco- 
pal), and of several notable male and female schools. 
[Connection by boat to Philadelphia and Borden- 
town ; by rail to Mount Holly and other towns in the 
interior of the State.] Burlington by Beverley and 
other minor places, to 

Camden, on the Delaware, opposite Philadelphia. 
Thriving town, with much agricultural and some 
manufacturing industry, and residence of many 
Philadelphians. [Connection by West Jersey Eail- 
road southward to Bridgeton', south-eastward to 
Millville and Cape May, favorite sea-coast resort 
at the Capes of the Delaware ; eastward by the 
Camden and Atlantic to Atlantic City, another 
favorite watering place on the New Jersey coast of 
the Atlantic; and by Pemb. and Hightstown road to 
the New Jersey Southern, Long Branch and New 
York]. Ferry across the Delaware to 

Philadelphia. 



ROUTE NO. 8,—NBAB WESTERN. 161 

Divison G. 

AT AKD ABOUT PHILADELPHIA, WITH EXCUB- 

SIOKS. 

Philadelphia, most important city of Pennsyl- 
vania, second in the Union in point of population, 
largest of all in the extent of ground comprised 
within city limits, and dividing with Boston the 
claim of being the most influential after the com- 
mercial metropolis — lies on the Delaware Eiver, at 
about one hundred miles from its mouth at Dela- 
ware Bay, and above and very near the debouchure 
into that river of the Schuylkill, the latter stream 
running through the city at its western extremity 
and adding materially to the beauty and healthful- 
ness of location. It is well known to have been 
founded by William Penn, the Quaker, and t ) be 
the headquarters of his denomination (whence its 
soubriquet^ the " Quaker City " ) ; and it enjoys, in 
addition, the distinction of being the most regu- 
larly built city on the continent if not in the world, 
the mass of its streets lying at right angles and 
giving it an appearance of primness alternately 
counted a charm and a blemish. From this latter 
feature, combined with all the streets running par- 
allel with the Delaware being numbered, from one 
upward — and the space between each of these 
streets, on the intersecting ones, numbered as one 
hundred, in supplying street-numbers — less diffi- 
culty is involved, in the stranger finding his way 



152 ^HORT-TBIF GUIDE. 

through and about it, than through any other city 
in the world, of corresponding size. Still addition- 
ally it should be noted that the street-car system is 
wonderfully complete and perfect, routes crossing 
each other at short distances, and a system of 
" transfers " from one route to another making 
transit much easier and cheaper than it could other- 
wise be found. Carriage-hire, cheaper than in New 
York, though high; not differing materially from 
the same detail at Boston. 

Philadelphia has many notable Streets, of which 
the characteristics are worth study, for their indi- 
vidual and collective character. First among these 
is Chestnut Street, at once business and fashionable, 
on which are located some of the best hotels, and 
which has by far the handsomest display of shop- 
fronts on the continent. Next to this, perhaps, is 
Marhet Street, wide thoroughfare, dividing the 
cross- streets into "North'' and "South," and dis- 
playing much railway traffic and other heavy trade. 
Arch and Walnut are also both business streets of 
importance. The Exchange stands m Doch Street, 
between Walnut and Spruce; and much of the 
commercial and financial force of the city is to be 
found in that neighborhood, and near the Delaware, 
between Shippen Street, on the South, and Vine 
Street, on the North, and Front Street to Sixth 
Street, in the cros's direction. Fourteenth Street is 
ordinarily called Broad Street, and has much fash- 
ion and many prominent buildings. Ridge and 



ROUTE NO. S.—NMAM WESTERN. 153 

Girard Avenues hold position as places of fashion- 
able residence, and drives leading to Girard College, 
Fairmount Park, etc. 

Of Public Buildings there are many of import- 
ance and interest. The first place is held, histori- 
cally, by Independence Hall^ Chestnut street, nota- 
ble as having been the place of signing of the 
Declaration of Independence from Great Britain, 
Fourth of July, 1776. Some historical pictures of 
value, statues, and many relics are preserved there ; 
and among others the " Liberty Bell," rung at the 
time of the Declaration, and bearing the strangely 
appropriate inscription: "Proclaim liberty through- 
out the land to all the inhabitants thereof." (Admis- 
sion to the Hall, every day, 9 to 2). The building 
and wings are now used as public ofi&ces. A re- 
cently erected statue of Washington fronts the main 
entrance. Next of the public buildings in import- 
ance, is Girard College^ on Ridge Avenue, some two 
miles from the city centre — the several buildings 
modern and of fine architecture, and the grounds 
handsome, but its principal celebrity (it has very 
little as an educational institution) lying in the 
strange will and bequest of Stephen Girard, the 
merchant, which founded it, and which among other 
odd features, allows no clergyman to enter it even 
on a visit. Next in importance is the United States 
Mmt, Chestnut street, with very perfect and inter- 
esting processes and a splendid collection of coins 
(admission daily, 9 to 12). Besides these, there are 



154 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

the Custom House (formerly the United States 
Bank), Chestnut street ; the Excliange^ Dock street ; 
the University of Pennsylvania, Ninth street near 
Chestnut; Jefferson Medical College, Tenth street 
near Chestnut ; the Pennsylvania Hospital^ Pine 
street; Pennsylvania Insane ^52/Z^^m, West Phila- 
delphia (with West's great picture of " Christ Heal- 
ing the Sick '') ; TJ. S. Marine Hospital, near the 
Navy Yard; the Franklin Atheneum, and other 
library and literary buildings; Pennsylvania Aca- 
demy of Fine Arts (with many good pictures : open 
daily), Chestnut street; Eastern Penitentiary, 
Coates street, near Girard College ; Union League 
Clul House, Broad street ; Masonic Temple, Broad 
street ; Ledger Building, corner of Sixth and Chest- 
nut streets, etc. 

In Antiquities Philadelphia possesses, besides Ln- 
pendence Hall (already mentioned), Carpenter'* s 
Hall, Chestnut street, used for the first assembling of 
the Colonial Congress; Hultzheimer's, where Jeffer- 
son wrote the Declaration, cor. Market and Seventh 
streets ; the Grave of Franhlin, cor. Arch and Fifth 
streets; Indian Queeji Hotel, once residence of Jef- 
ferson, cor. Market and Front streets ; the Old Penn 
House, near Fairmount ; part of PenrCs Elm Tree, 
in collection of Historical Library Association ; and 
others of minor importance. 

Of Public Grounds Philadelphia has more than 
the average in both variety and beauty. Fair- 
mount Park, on the Schuylkill (in connection with 



ROUTE NO. 8.-rNEAB WESTERN. 155 

the long-celebrated Fairmount Water Worhs), is 
one of the largest parks in the world, and has much 
beauty in grounds and views, though little more 
than commenced; and a bronze sitting statue of 
Lincoln has recently been inaugurated at near the 
Schuylkill entrance, while cheap service-carriages 
and all conveniences to visitors are supplied. The 
finest view is from George's Hill, and the finest drive, 
Vista Drive, The Water WorJcs themselves demand 
attention, as among the best of their class; the vieTVS 
over the Schuylkill from the raised promenade are 
notably fine ; and the SuspeJision Bridge., at the same 
point, is the most interesting structure of that char- 
acter at or near the city, it having been built by Col. 
Ellett, the constructor of the Niagara Suspension 
Bridge, and afforded a model for the latter. (Other 
Bridges of interest are the Iron Bridge, over the 
Schuylkill at Chestnut street; the Marhet Street 
Bridge, of wood, very Qld; &c.) (There are also 
other Water Works : the Delaiuare^ on the river, 
foot of Wood street, and the Western, with a beauti- 
ful tower, opposite Fairmount.) Of the other public 
grounds of the city, the most interesting are In- 
dependence Square, rear of Independence Hall; 
Waslmigton Square, near it ; Logan Square (largest 
of the old). Eighteenth street; FranJdin Square, 
Race and Sixth streets ; Pen7i Square, Broad and 
Market streets ; Jefferson and Rittenliouse Squares ; 
and Hunting Park (old race-course) on the York 
road. 



156 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

Among the most notable of Philadelphia churches, 
are the Cathedral of St. Peter and St. Paul (Catho- 
lic), Logan Square, with a noble dome, an admired 
altar-piece, and some good paintings; ^S'^. Marie's 
(Epis.), Locust street, with tower and spire of pecu- 
liar beauty; St. PauVs (Epis.), Third street; Christ 
Church (old). Second street, with tall steeple, fine 
chime of bells, and communion service of the time 
of Queen Anne ; Church of the Incarnation, Broad 
street; Baptist^ Broad street; Calvary {Vxq^.),'Lo' 
cust street; St. Stephen^ s (Epis.), Fourth street; 
St. Peter's (old). Pine street; St. Andrew's, Eighth 
street; &c., and (as curiosities, though eschewing 
any attempt at architecture) many of the Friends' 
or QuaJcer Meeting Houses, of which the city has a 
remarkable number and variety. 

Of Libraries, there are a large number, though the 
aggregate of volumes embraced in all does not reach 
far -beyond a quarter million. Among them are the 
Franklin (sometimes called the "Philadelphia,") 
South Fifth near Chestnut street; the Atheneum, 
Sixth street; the Mercantile; the Apprentices', 
Friends', Law Association, &c. ; besides those con- 
nected with those prominent institutions, the His- 
torical Society, Sixth and Adelphi streets (antiqui- 
ties and curiosities) ; Academy of Natural Sciences, 
Broad street; the Franklin Institute, Seventh 
street, &c. The principal Art Gallery is the Penn- 
sylvania Academy of Fine Arts, Chestnut street, 
containing among other prominent pictures. West's 



BOUTE NO. %.-NEAR WESTERN. 15T 

" Death on the Pale Horse/' Allston's " Eaising of 
Lazarus/' and others of merit by Stuart, Sully, 
Leslie and others. The principal Market, and one 
of the best-arranged and most luxuriously-supplied 
in America, is located on Market itreet, in the lower 
part of the city, and will well repay a yisit, for ob- 
servance of the varied productions of the surround- 
ing country. 

Principal Places of Amusement: the American 
Academy of Music, Broad street, the handsomest 
and one of the largest musical houses in the United 
States; Arch Street Theatre, street of the same 
name ; Chestnut street, street of that name ; Walnut 
street, street of same name; American^ Walnut 
street ; Garner oss and Dixey's Opera House (Ethio- 
pian), Eleventh street; American Museum,^ Ninth 
and Arch streets, &c. Leading Hotels : the Gonti- 
nentaly Chestnut street; La Pierre House, Broad 
street ; Golonnade, Chestnut street ; Girard House, 
Chestnut street; American, Chestnut street; 8t, 
Gloud, Arch street; Washington, Chestnut street; 
Merchants', Fourth street. 

Surburban and other Excursions of interest, in- 
clude the 

United States Navy Yard, on Front street and 
the Delaware Eiver, entrance from foot of Federal 
street ; with immense Sectional Dock, stocks and 
materials for war-vessels, munitions of war, <fcc. 
[Walk, or street-car.] Arrangements have been 
made for the occupation of League Island, lower 



158 8H0BT-TRIP GUIDE. 

down the Delaware, as a new and larger navy yard, 
for the laying up of vessels in ordinary ; but they 
have not yet been carried into effect. Of scarcely 
less interest are the 

U. S. Arsenals, of which one of the most import- 
ant is to be reached at Franlcford, north-east of the 
city, with interesting collection of arms and the 
largest powder magazine in the country; and the 
other near Gray's Ferry, south of the city. Also, 

Laurel Hill Cemetery, on Kidge Avenue, near the 
Schuylkill, and considered one of the handsomest 
of the cemeteries of the great cities, on account of 
height of location, fine river-view, tasteful monu- 
ments and adornments. The group of " Old Mor- 
tality," by Thom, at the entrance, and the Chapel, 
deserve attention, as do many of the monuments to 
well-known men, among others those of Dr. Kane, 
Gen'l Mercer, Gen'l Patterson, Dr. Bird (the novel- 
ist), Joseph C. Neal, Charles Thompson, Hassler, 
&c. [Eeached by street car, drive, or boat up the 
Schuylkill from Fairmouht.] Second in importance 
are the Woodlands Cemetery, on the Darby Eoad, 
west of the Schuylkill ; Monument Cemetery, Broad 
street ; Glenwood Cemetery, Eidge Eoad ; Mount 
Vernon Cemetery, Eidge avenue ; Eonaldson's Ceme- 
tery, Shippen street ; Friends' Burial Ground, Arch 
and Fourth streets, &c. [All, beyond short walk 
from leading hotels, reached by street-car.] 

Other Excursions, to 

The Wissahiclcon, creek or small river of marked 



A 



ROUTE NO. 8.—NBAE WE8TEBN. 159 

shaded beauty, emptying into the Schuylkill. [Drive, 
on Eidge avenue, past Laurel Hill, or trip by boat 
on the Schuylkill from Fairmount, in the course of 
which may also be seen the Falls of tlie Schuylkill.'] 
To the Old Bartram Mansion, with Eevolutionary 
reminiscences and a Botanic Garden, on the West 
bank of the Schuylkill. [Street cars on Darby 
road.] To Pernios Rock, on the Haddington road 
(stone said to have been raised by William Penn). 
To Germantoion^ site of the Battle of that name, 
fought by Washington in 1777 ; with interesting rem- 
iniscences, in Chews' House, the Headquarters, But- 
tonball Tree Tavern, &c. To Manayunk, on the 
Schuylkill, with water-power and heavy manulac- 
tures. [Street cars on Eidge-road, or boat on the 
Schuylkill.] [Street car and short steam connec- 
tion, every quarter-hour.] To Greenwich Point and 
Gloucester Point, on the Delaware, favorite near 
places of summer resort, a few miles below the city. 
[Ferry from South street.] To Red Bank and Fort 
Mifflin, two miles below the places last named, with 
Eevolutionary reminiscences, Count Donop's Grave, 
a Battle Monument, &c. ; and also to League Island^ 
lying near, and the site of the new Navy Yard. 
[Boats, very frequent.] To Smithes Island (Wind- 
mill Island), lying in the Delaware, midway between 
the city and Camden, and passed through by the 
ferry-boats. Eesort for relaxation and " clam-chow- 
ders." To Camden, New Jersey [several ferries : see 
route from New York, Division B.] To Bridgeton, 



160 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

New Jersey, great fruit-packing centre. [Ferry to 
Camden, and West Jersey Eailroad.] To Vineland^ 
New Jersey, great grape and fruit growing centre. 
[Ferry to Camden, and Camden and Atlantic road 
to Atsion — thence Vineland Eailway. To Borden- 
toton and Burlington. [Boat on the Delaware, or 
rail.] 

Longer Excursions will be those to 

NoRRiSTOWK, on the Schuylkill, county seat of 
Montgomery County, with pleasant location, two 
fine Bridges, and handsome Court-House. [Rail- 
way on Reading road, or long drive of much beau- 
ty]. To 

Eastok", Delaware Water-Gap, &c. [See 
Longer Excursions from New York.] [Rail, on 
Northern Pennsylvania, and Delaware, Lackawanna 
and Western roads.] To 

Harrisburg, Capital of the State of Pennsylva- 
nia, by Lancaster, &c. [Rail on the Pennsylvania 
Central Road : see routes following.] To 

Atlantic City, favorite place of summer resort, 
with fine bathing, on the New Jersey coast, near 
Egg Harbor and the Inlet of the same name. 
Prominent' Hotels, the Atlantic House, and Surf 
House. [Reached by ferry to Camden, thence rail 
on the Camdefl and Atlantic road, direct.] To 

Cape May (Cape Island), still more prominent and 
popular as a place of sea-side summer resort, and es- 
pecially chosen by Philadelphians. It lies at the ex- 
treme southern point of New Jersey, at the northern 



ROUTE NO. S.—JSTEAE WESTERN. 161 

entrance of Delaware Bay, has an extensive beach 
with fine sea-view and bathing, and ranks beside 
Newport and Long Branch. Prominent Hotels : 
the StocTcton House, Congress Hall, United States, 
West Jersey, Golumbia, Delaware, Atlantic, &c. 
[Reached by ferry to Camden, thence by rail on the 
West Jersey, and Millville and Cape May roads.] 
To 

LoKG Beanch. [See Longer Excursions from 
New York.] [Reached by ferry to Camden, thence 
rail on Pemb. and Hightstown and New Jersey 
Southern roads. Also, with connection, Long 
Branch to New York. 



ROUTE NO. 9.~-WESTERN AND SOUTHERN. 

PHILADELPHIA, BY WILMINGTON (DEL.) TO AND AT 
WASHINGTON AND RICHMOND. 

Division A. 

PHILADELPHIA TO BALTIMORE BY WILMINGTON. 

Leave Philadelphia by rail on the Philadelphia, 
Wilmington and Baltimore road, from West Phila- 
delphia. Pirst point of interest passed is the Laza^ 
retto, on the bank of the Delaware, some ten miles 
below the city — an immense building, with cupola, 
long used for the detention of cases of infectious 
disease. In a short distance is reached 

Lamohin Junction [with the Philadelphia and 
Baltimore Central Eailroad, for Port Deposit, Havre 
de Grace, and Baltimore direct, avoiding Chester 
and Wilmington.] Beyond Lamokin, continuing 
by P. W. and B. road, is reached 

Chester, the oldest town in the State and at one^ 
time, under William Penn, the seat of government 
of the province. It has, as curiosities, the spot 
where Penn landed on his first coming from Eng- 
land, a very old Court House, &c. Very little be- 
yond, the crossing is made from the State of Penn- 
sylvania into that of Delaware ; and still a little be- 
yond is passed the Brandyivine CreeJc, scene of the 



BO JJTE NO. 9.— WESTERN AND SO UTHEBN. 163 

battle of the same name (at Chadd's Ford), defeat of 
the Americans and wounding of Lafayette, in 1778. 
After several minor stations, is reached 

WiLMii^GTON", Delaware, one of the most import- 
ant towns of that small State, and in the midst of 
an agricultural section of special fertility, the great 
peach-growing district being within easy reach of 
any one making brief stoppage. It occupies the site of 
the old Swedish Fort Christina ; has extensive ship- 
yards, flour and powder-mills, foundries, &c. ; and 
is also distinguished as the seat of St. Mary's Col- 
lege (Catholic), and other educational institutions of 
merit. Among its most prominent curiosities are 
the ship-yards and powder-mills, before named ; the 
Old Swedes' GhurcJi, nearly 200 years old, with 
ancient grave-yard and singular epitaphs; the Col- 
lege, &c. [Railway connection south to Mhton, 
Toiunsend, Doyeh (capital of the State), Lewes, 
Salisbury, Crisfield (for boat to NorfolJc) &c, ; 
westward to Hanover, Harrisburg, &c.] From. 
Wilmington, passing New Castle Junction [connec- 
tion for New Castle, &c.], and minor stations, is. 
reached 

Havre de Grace, Maryland, at the debouchure of 
the Susquehanna Eiver into Chesapeake Bay, and also 
at tho southern terminus of the Tidewater Canal. 
Here the Susquehanna is crossed by a handsome and 
costly Railroad Bridge, not long finished; and in 
crossing, splendid views are caught (below) of Ches- 
apeake Bay and the shore-scenery on both sides. 



164 8R0BT-TRIP GUIDE. 

[Railway connections from Havre de Grace, north- 
westward, to Harrisbueg and the West and 
Northwest.] From Havre de Grace, over flat and 
low country, with passage of the long 

Bridges over Bush and Gunpowder Rivers (the 
former 5-8 of a mile in length, and the latter 1 mile), 
both of which were destroyed during the secession- 
war, and rebuilt, — to Baltimoee. 

Division B. 

AT AND ABOUT BALTIMOBE, WITH EXCURSION'S. 

Baltimoee, on the Patapsco Eiver, branch of 
Chesapeake Bay, most important town in the State 
of Maryland, seaport of eminence, considered one 
of the handsomest cities in the Union, and dividing 
with two or three others the claim of producing the 
most beautiful women, while to Europeans it pos- 
sesses the peculiar interest of having supplied wives 
to a remarkable number of the English aristocracy 
(Wellesley family, and others), and also a wife (Miss 
Patterson) to Jerome Bonaparte. It has a striking 
situation, on rising ground sloping up from the 
harbor, in that respect rivalling Boston; and the 
numerous spires and monuments fitly crown a pic- 
ture otherwise of great beauty. Baltimore has an 
inner and outer harbor, above and below FelVs 
Pointy into the latter of which the largest ships en- 
ter without difficulty ; and the city proper is di- 
vided, nearly North and South, by a narrow stream 



BO UTE NO. 9.— WESTERN AND SO UTHEBN 165 

with many bridges, called Jones'^ Run. A strong 
and handsome fortification, Fort McHenry, defends 
the harbor, and figured conspicuously in both the 
war of 1812 and that of the secession. Among the 
chief boasts of the city, and- the first objects of in- 
terest to the traveller, are 

The Monuments, so notable that they have given 
to Baltimore the soubriquet of the "Monumental 
City." The first in importance is the Wasldngton, 
in an elevated position on Mt. Vernon Place, at 
'Charles and Monument streets — a base and shaft 
reaching 200 feet in height, with a statue surmount- 
ing all, of "Washington Resigning his Commission." 
(Accessible, and fine view from balcony at top.) 
Next in interest is the Battle, at Calvert and Fay- 
ette streets — a Roman column, with emblematical 
sculptures, in honor of those who fell in defence of 
the city, in September 1814. The third, or Armis- 
tead, in honor of the defender of Fort McHenry in 
1814, is merely a tablet, on North Calvert street, and 
only of interest in the patriotic connection. 

Of streets, the most important is Baltimore street, 
running east and west the whole length of the city, 
and really its Broadway or Regent street. Holliday, 
Calvert, Fayette, Lexington, Eutaio, Madison, Parh, 
Saratoga, North Charles, Mt. Version Place, Charles 
avenue, and other streets on the west side of Jones' 
Falls, are among the notable; and as centres of 
business, Lomljard, Caroline, Banh, Gay, High, 
Market, Broadway, and other streets on the east 



166 SHORT-TRIP QUIDE. 

side, with those surrounding the City Dock (basin) 
and principal wharves, lying in that yicinity. Of 
Public Buildings, among the most notable are the 
Exchange^ Gay street, with noble dome; {Custom 
House and Post Office occupying part of the same 
building) ; the Maryland Institute, Baltimore street, 
devoted to industrial exhibitions, fairs, &c., and a 
Market; the City Hall, Holliday street; County 
Court House, Monument square; U. 8. Court 
House, North and Fayette streets ; Penitentiary and 
Prisons, Madison street ; Corn Exchange, Sotith 
street ; the Shot Tower, Front and Fayette streets ; 
Of Churches, in Baltimore as in Philadelphia, the 
most imposing is the Catholic, the Cathedral, at 
Cathedral and Mulberry streets, being the finest ec- 
clesiastical edifice in the city, with impressive towers 
and dome ; one of the largest organs in the country ; 
and two pictures of great value within, a " Descent 
from the Cross " and " St. Louis Burying His 
Dead," respectively the gifts of the French Kings 
Louis XVI. and Charles X. After this, in archi- 
tectural interest, come the Unitarian, North 
Charles and Franklin streets; the Preslyterian, 
Madison and Park streets; Grace (Epis.), Monu- 
ment and Park streets; St. PauVs, Charles street, 
and many others, the city being by no means defi- 
cient in this detail. 

Of Literary Institutions and their edifices, may be 
named the University of Maryland, with celebrated 
Medical Department, G-reen and Lombard streets; 



BO UTE NO. 9.— WESTERN AND SO UTHEEN. 167 

the Peabody Institute (founded by the late George 
Peabody), Charles and Monument streets ; St. 
Mary's College (Catholic), Franklin and Greene 
streets; Maryland Historical Society, Baltimore 
Library., Mercantile Library., &c., rooms in the 
Atlieneum, Saratoga and St. Paul streets ; College of 
Loyola (Catholic), Madison and Calvert streets; 
College of Pharmacy, North Calvert street; &c. 
Principal Theatres: the Holliday Street, street of 
same name ; the Front Street, or American, Front 
street; Baltimore Museum, Broad and Calvert 
streets ; Grand Opera House (new) ; Concordia 
(German), South Eutaw street. Prominent Hotels : 
Barnum^s, Monument square ; the Eutaw, W. Balti- 
more street; Gilmour's, Baltimore street; the 
Fountain, Light street ; the Maltby, Pratt street. 

Cemeteries of prominence : Green Mount, Belvi- 
dere street and York avenue, with fine gateways 
and many handsome walks and monuments ; Lou- 
doun Parh, also with fine gateway, Frederick 
road ; Baltimore Cemetery, North Gay street ; 
Mount Olivet, Frederick road ; Mount Carmel, 
Western, and other minor. Other Parks and Public 
Grounds : Druid Hill Park, very large and 
handsome grounds, recently laid out, in the 
Northern suburbs [street-car from city centres] ; 
Patterson Parh, East Baltimore street, with re- 
mains of earthworks of war of 1812 ; City Spring 
Grounds, North Calvert street; Union Square, 
West Lombard street; Federal Hill, with Signal 



168 8E0BT-TBIP GUIDE. 

House and one of the very best views of the city and 
harbor; FranMin Square, Fayette street; Jackson 
Square, Hampstead street ; etc. 

Favorite Excursions, among others, to 
" Fort McHenry and North Pointy entrance of the 
harbor (before spoken of) ; to Franklin, the Con- 
vent, &c., by the Frederick road [favorite drive] ; to 
Qovanstown, by the York road [drive] ; to Catons- 
ville and Ellicotfs Mills [horse-car] ; to Towsontown 
(military barracks, &c.) [horse-car] ; to Bel- Air, 
Franklinton, &c.] [stage-coach]. Down the Ches- 
apeake Bay [boat, very fe-equent from harbor- 
wharves, during the warm season]. Longer Ex- 
cursions, among others, to 

Annapolis, Capital of the State of Maryland, 
and seat of the celebrated national Naval Academy, 
It lies on the little Eiver Severn, near Chesapeake 
Bay; has a history of interest, dating back to 1649 ; 
was the spot where Genl. Washington resigned his 
commission at the close of the War of Independence ; 
and has, in addition to the other attractions named, 
an educational institution of prominence, St. John^s 
College, a State House, and much fine river and coast 
scenery in the neighborhood. [Eeached from Bal- 
timore by the Baltimore and Washington road to 
Annapolis Junction, thence branch road dirtct.] 
Also, to 

Norfolk, Virginia, on the Elizabeth Eiver, at the 
extreme southern point of Chesapeake Bay, and. the 
second town in Virginia in point of population 



RO UTE NO. 9.— WESTERN AND 80 VTHERN 169 

It has a fine harbor, with great depth of water; 
and is one of the greatest markets of wild-fowl 
(especially the celebrated " canyas-back " ducks 
of the Chesapeake), oysters, fruits and other 
supplies, to be found south of Philadelphia. Across 
the river from it are the Portsmouth Isiaval De- 
pot, formerly the most extensive in the Union, but 
materially damaged by fire at the commencement 
of the secession war (1861), with the burning 
of the Pennsylvania, Merrimac and other war 
vessels, — and the Gosport Navy Yard, with Dry 
Docks of great size and cost. Norfolk and Ports- 
mouth harbor proper are defended by Fort Gal- 
houn emd the works on Graney Island ; while the 
entrance from the sea is commanded by Fortress 
Monroe, the largest fortification in the United States, 
erected at Old Point Gomfort (also place of favorite 
summer resort), on the opposite or north side of the 
wide mouth of the Jarties River (Hampton Roads), 
directly north and some fourteen miles distant. In 
the latter neighborhood may also be visited, Eliza- 
ieth Gity and Hampton, more or less interestingly 
connected alike with the early history of Virginia 
and the secession troubles of 1861-5. May also be 
visited, from Norfolk or Old Point Comfort [boat], 
the site and Ruins of Jamestown, place of first set- 
tlement in Virginia, and scene of the romantic epi- 
sode of Captain John Smith and Pocahontas. [From 
Baltimore to Eichmond by boat, every day during 
summer, with fine views throughout, and including 



170 8H0BT-TBIP QUIBE, 

a distant one of the great dome of the Capitol a1 
Washington.] [Norfolk to Richmond, by boat up 
the James Eiver; or may be visited from Rich- 
mond, by same conveyance.] Also, to 

Point of Eochs, splendid pass of the Potomac 
River between Maryland and Virginia, by the 
Tho7nas Viaduct, Ellicotfs Mills, the Oliver Via- 
duct, the Tarpeian Roch, Monocacy [branch road to 
Frederick], through the Monocacy Valley and other 
markedly fine scenery ; and to 

Haeper's Ferry, on the Upper Potomac, at the 
intersection with that stream of the Shenandoah, 
with mountain and river scenery of the first mag- 
nificence, and the additional interest of having been 
the site of an important U. S. Armory and Arsenal 
(destroyed by fire in April, 1861), and the spot 
where John Brown, of Ossawatomie, made his cele- 
brated raid and virtually commenced the confiict of 
the secession, in October, 1859. Maryland, Bolivar 
and Loudon Heights, and their fortifications, de- 
mand notice, as do a thousand natural beauties and 
warlike reminiscences certain to be suggested on 
the spot [Reached from Baltimore by Baltimore and 
Ohio Railroad.] [Route may be pursued from 
Harper's Ferry to Cumberland, Pittsburg and the 
West, without return to Baltimore.] 



BO UTE NO. 9.— WESTERN AND SO UTHERN. 171 
Division G. 

BALTIMOEE TO WASHINGTON. 

Leave Baltimore by train on the Washington 
Branch of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, from 
Camden Station, by Wasliington Junction [whence 
connection, by the main line of the same road, west- 
ward to Harper's Ferry ^ &c.'] ; and by Hanover, 
Dorsey and other stations, to 

Annapolis Junction fconnection to Annapolis, 
as see " Excursions from Baltimore," preceding] ; 
thence by Savage, Laurel, White Oak Bottom, and 
other stations, to 

Bladenshurg, small town on the Eastern Branch 
of the Potomac, with a mineral-spring and some ce- 
lebrity as a healthful summer resort for Washington 
residents and others near; but much more as the 
scene of the disgraceful defeat of the American by 
the British forces, in August 1814, immediately pre- 
vious to the temporary occupation of the Capital — 
and also as the spot long famous as a duelling- 
ground for Congressional and other disputants. 
Very soon after leaving Bladensburg is caught, 
what should by no means be lost, the 

First View of the Washington Capitol, scarcely 
second to the corresponding distant view of the 
dome of St. Peter's, in approaching Kome — the 
dome of the Capitol, since re-erection, being among 
the largest and finest in the world, and the first 
sight peculiarly impressive. But a little time and 



172 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

distance, following, before entering the somewhat 
straggling city, and disembarking at the foot of 
Capitol Hill— WASHiNGTOiq-. 

Division D, 

AT Am) ABOUT WASHIKGTON", WITH EXCURSIONS. 

Washin^gtof, capital city of the United States of 
America, and on many accounts specially interest- 
ing, as bearing the name of the Great Soldier and 
Patriot, as having been selected by him as the seat 
of Goyernment, as having been the scene of all the 
central legislation of the country and many of its 
other historical events, and as possessing a location 
with many marked advantages and certain equally 
marked disadvantages almost counterbalancing the 
favorable, — lies in the District of Columbia, on the 
north bank of the Potomac River, at some 70 miles 
from the embouchure of that river into Chesapeake 
Bay, and about 30 miles directly westward from the 
nearest shore of that Bay, at a little southward of 
Annapolis. It supplies a geographical meridian of 
importance: Lat. 38" 53' 39" N.; Long. 77^ %' 
48" from Greenwich; and lies in a direct line, about 
120 miles south-west from'^ Philadelphia, and about 
200 in a corresponding direction from New York. 
It dates, as the Capital, from the removal from 
Philadelphia, about 1800, though the corner-stone 
of the Capitol was laid in 1793. The city, as a mu- 
nicipality, dates from nearly the same time— is large 



BO UTE NO. 9.— WESTERN ^ND SO UTHEBN. 173 

in extent, and by no means compact in its character ; 
that fact having given rise, many years ago, to the 
irreverent soubriquet : the " City of Magnificent 
Distances." 

Among the undeniable advantages of Washing- 
ton, before referred to, are its. picturesque location, 
with elevations and fine views at two points, — those 
of the Capitol, at the south-eastern end of (main) 
Pennsylvania Avenue, and the President's House 
and principal Government Buildings, at the north- 
western end ; its ease of access from the sea, and ac- 
cessibility by railw^ay from various important points ; 
its moderate climate in winter, principal season of 
legislative assemblage ; and its proximate centrality, 
as between North and South. Among the disad- 
vantages may be named the doubtful healthiness of 
some portions (including the Executive Mansion) in 
summer; and its entire want of centrtility towards 
the limited East and the widely-extended West — the 
latter feature having given rise to much dissatisfac- 
tion, of late years, and some efforts at effecting the 
removal of the seat of government to some one of 
the Western Cities — St. Jjouis being oftenest named. 
The governmental conveniences now existing on this 
spot, however, and the late completion of the en- 
larged Capitol, render it entirely improbable that 
any such removal will take place within the present 
century, and leave Washington to be visited and 
considered as the permanent capital of the United 
States. 



174 8E0BT-TBIP GUIDE. 

Of course first among its attractions, to the tour- 
ist, at whatever season, will be found 

The Capitol, standing on Capitol Hill, fronting 
east and west, and occupying the same site as the 
original, founded by Washington and burned by the 
British in 1814, when the Congressional Library, 
many valuable pictures, the President's House and 
other buildings, shared the same fate. The present 
structure, undeniably one of the noblest government 
buildings in the world, and with many grand and 
beautiful details in architecture, is an enlargement 
of that which replaced the burned building, and has 
consequently the blemish of showing some incon- 
gruity in materials and "afterthought" in design. It 
is immense in extent, however, the entire length being 
some 750 feet, with a wing depth of 300 and a body 
depth of 200; and the whole space of ground covered 
is said to be three and a half acres. Handsome 
grounds surround the Capitol, with fine shade trees 
and some good landscape gardening ; and from these 
grounds, below either front, and from the two fronts 
themselves, remarkably fine views may be obtained. 

The East Front, (main) has an immense colon- 
nade and portico, with Persico's statues of Colum- 
bus, of Washington, allegorical figures of Peace and 
War, Greeuough's " Civilization," etc., on the portico 
and in the grounds adjoining; and it is here that 
the Inauguration Ceremonies of each incoming 
President take place, the auditory filling the portico 
and the grounds below. The West Front, less elabo- 



RO UTE NO. 9.— WESTERN AND SO UTRERN. 175 

rate, has the view down Pennsylvania Avenue and 
over the city. The next most prominent feature, 
and perhaps the most notable of all, is 

The Dome, before spoken of as among the noblest 
in the world. It surmounts the centre of the pile, 
rising to a height of nearly 400 feet, crowned with 
a colossal statue of Freedom, by Crawford ; and is 
ascended, from within, by a spiral stairway, for the 
extensive and magnificent view of Washington, the 
Potomac, the near portions of the District, of Virginia, 
Maryland, etc. In the Rotunda, immediately under 
the dome, are to be seen the eight large historical 
pictures, " Discovery of the Mississippi," " Baptism 
of Pocahontas," "Declaration of Independence," 
" Surrender of Burgoyne," " Surrender of Cornwal- 
lis," " Washington Eesigning his Commission," and 
" Landing of Columbus." The Eotunda has also a 
" Massacre of the Innocents," portraits of Lincoln 
and others, some interesting historical bas reliefs, 
etc. The Canopy, surmounting, is elaborately 
painted in fresco, by Brumidi, and contains an im- 
mense number of allegorical and histoj'ical figures. 
Naturally the next objects of interest will be the 

Senate and Representative Chambers, the former 
situated in the north wiug (or "extension" — new 
part of the building) and the latter in the south 
wing. They are both large, with good accommoda- 
tion for spectators (in the Strangers' Galleries) ela- 
borately finished, lighted from above by hidden gas- 
burners through ground glass, and extremely well 



176 SHOBT-TRIP OUIDE, 

ventilated, but with their impi'essiveness materially 
marred by the low, flat ceilings. Both are reached 
by elaborate and costly stairways, really among the 
most notable features in the building ; and it may 
be said of both that, with whatever faults of con- 
struction, they are among the best of their class, in 
the world. Next in interest is to be visited the 

Supreme Court Room, a large semi-circular apart- 
ment in the north wing, with busts of former 
Chief-Justices Jay, Rutledge, Ellsworth and Mar- 
shall; and beneath it the Old Supreme Court Room, 
now the Laiu Library^ with a fine collection of 
books in the higher branches of jurisprudence, and 
some peculiarities in the architecture of the room, 
commanding surprised attention. The 

Library of Congress, with some 90,000 to 100,000 
volumes (now accumulating very rapidly, as copies 
of all works published in America must be depo- 
sited there, to secure copy-right — as in the British 
Museum), and an immense number of valuable 
documents and manuscripts, — is in the western por- 
tion of the main building, and shows fire-proof book- 
cases and airappliances to guard against the recur- 
rence of fire, which has twice destroyed previous col- 
lections (1814 — war; and 1851, accidental.) But 
perhaps quite as interesting as any of the apartments 
named, is the 

Old Hall of Representatives, in the south wing of 
the centre building, semi-circular, with panelled 
ceiling and cupola, row of splendid columns in Vir- 



BO UTE NO. 9.— WESTERN AND 80 UTHEBN. 177 

ginia green-stone ; and containing, among other 
objects of interest and yalue, Vanderlyn's ** Wash- 
ington," a full-length of Lafayette, Franzoni's statue 
of History, statues and busts of Washington, 
Kosciusko, Lincoln, Johnson, &o. Here, also, have 
spoken nearly all the great legislators of America 
in the past, making the place historically memora- 
ble. Opening from this into the corridor, may be 
seen the 

Bronze Columbus Door^ modelled by Rogers and 
cast at Munich (where the model remains), repre- 
senting yarious scenes in the life and death of the 
discoyerer, and considered among the best of con- 
temporary works. 

Many Other Apartments of interest maybe visited 
in the Capitol, among them the President's and 
Vice-President's Room, the Speaker's, Senators', Re- 
ception, &c., and some of the Committee Rooms, in 
the latter of which will be found displayed quite as 
much luxury (not always in the best taste) as can be 
found in any other portion of the structure. 

[Admission to the Capitol, and access to most of 
its rooms, every week-day, 10 to 3. Congress gen- 
erally in session, from early December to 4th March, 
in the years with odd numbers : in those with even 
numbers, (as 1872) the sessions often continuing far 
into the summer and even later. Admission to the 
Congressional Sessions, without card, and only 
limited by the capacity of the large galleries. In 
connection it may be well to say that the same 



178 8H0BT-TBIP GUIDE. 

hours (10 to 8) and the same freedom from routine 
or special application, apply to most of the Depart- 
ment buildings at Washington.] 

Next in importance to the traveler, of the build- 
ings of Washington, is the 

Pkesidei^t's House (familiarly known as the 
"White House," especially in political parlance), 
situated on the high ground at the opposite or 
north-western extremity of (main) Pennsylvania 
Avenue (principal drive and fashionable promenade 
of the city). It is of white stone, as its name indi- 
cates, has a colonnaded front but little architectural 
merit, stands near the Potomac and commands a 
fine view of that river and the opposite shore. It 
contains some handsome and well-appointed rooms, 
the East Room being the most notable; but the lo- 
cation is not considered healthy in summer, and the 
Presidential family does not often steadily occupy it 
throughout that season. [Calls, without ceremonial 
or previous introduction, are generally received by 
the President every week-day, 10 to 1, except those 
devoted to Cabinet meetings or other special ap- 
pointments. No court-dress necessary or proper. 
Levees, during the Congressional Season, fortnight- 
ly ; and weekly receptions, generally on Saturday 
mornings, by the Lady of the White House, with 
the President present.] 

The Pateistt Office, after those named, is un- 
doubtedly the most interesting place of visit in 
Washington, for its massive architecture and on ac- 



ROUTE NO. 9.- WESTERN AND SO UTEEBN 179 

count of its extraordinary collection of niechanical 
and labor-saving implements, in which it has no 
equal in any country. It is located on F street 
(many of the Washington streets being thus desig- 
nated by letters), between Seventh and Ninth 
streets. The Model Boom, occupying one entire 
floor, is divided into four halls, of which the East 
Hall is occupied by practical models ; the West 
Hall by rejected ones; the South Hall (with hand- 
Bome frescoed ceilings) by personal effects of Wash- 
ington, other Eevolutionary relics, (sword of Wash- 
ington and cane of Franklin, among others) medals 
and treaties with, and presents from foreign powers. 
Powers' Statue of Washington, &c., forming a 
unique, most valuable and interesting collection. 
Near the Patent OflBce is to be visited the 

General Post Office, an imposing Corinthian struc- 
ture, with the internal arrangements commanding a 
certain degree of attention, and some valuable re- 
cords of Franklin. Also, the City Post Office, in 
Bame building. The 

State, War and Navy Departments have buildings 
near each other and near the President's House, on 
Pennsylvania Avenue. Little of interest is to be 
found in either, except the Library of the State 
Department, and the Collection of Relics of the 
War and Navy. Of much more importance to the 
visitor is the 

Treasury Department Building, on Fifth street, 
immense in size and of some architectural merit; 



180 8H0RT-TBIP GUIDE. 

while the details of Paper Money Printing [admis- 
sion by order from the Secretary of the Treasury — 
easily obtained], carried on in the upper and lower 
portions, of the structure, are worthy of close atten- 
tion from their extent and completeness. The 

Smitlisonian Institute (founded by the late James 
Smithson, Esq., of England), stands in extensive and 
highly ornamented grounds, called the Mall, west of 
the Capitol, and south-east of the President's 
House. It is of large-extent, built of red sand- 
stone, Norman in architecture, and has nine towers, 
of irregular heights. It contains an immense libra- 
ry-room, picture-gallery, lecture-room, laboratory, 
etc., and is already doing a noble work in the ad- 
vancement of science. At no considerable dis- 
tance from this, stands the 

WasMngton Monument, intended to be one of the 
largest in the world, but thus far simply one of the 
largest failures, the funds to complete it from its 
present height of 170 feet to the contemplated 600, 
not being forthcoming. It is at present no monu- 
ment but a curiosity. The 

National Observatory stands on Western Pennsyl- 
vania Avenue, half way between the President's 
House and G-eorgetown. It has a large transit and 
some other fine instruments, astronomical library, 
clock, etc. 

The Public Grounds of Washington are princi- 
pally comprised in the Mall, on the banks of the 
Potomac, at and near the Smithsonian Institute; 



BO TJTE NO. 9.— WESTERN AND 80 UTBEBN. 181 

the Capitol Grounds, before spoken of; and Lafay- 
ette Square^ near the President's House (with Clark 
Mills' equestrian statue of Jackson). Principal 
Churches: the Epiphany, (Epis.) G. Street, near 
Tliirteenth; Trinity (Epis.) Third sti'eet; St.John^s 
(Epis.) Lafayette Square; Presbyterian, Fotrr-and- 
a-half Street ; St. Aloysius (Cath.) near the Capitol; 
Foundry church, (Meth. Epis.) Fourteenth street. 
Principal Theatres : tlie New National and WalVs 
Opera House, (Ford^s Theatre, once a favorite, 
and the scene of the assassination of President 
Lincoln, April, 1865, is to be seen as a curiosity, 
but has never since been opened as a place of 
amusement). Public Hall: Lincoln Hall Promi- 
nent Hotels: the ArliTiyton J St. Cloud; Howard; 
St. James' ; Willard's. 

Suburban and other excursions from Washington, 
will include those to the Soldiers' Home (Militaiy 
Asylum), tliree miles north of the city, and favorite 
resort of Presidential families in summer; the Arse- 
nal, Grreenleaf's Point, junction of Eastern Branch 
and Potomac, with interesting collection of ord- 
nance. To the y 

Navy Yard, with ship-houses, an armory, etc., on 
the Eastern Branch, short walk south-east of the 
Capitol. To the 

Congressional Cemetery, lying on the Eastern 
Branch, north-east of the Capitol, with many scores 
of monuments to Members of Congress who have 
died at Washington, and specially notable monu- 



183 SEOBT-TMIP GUIDE. 

ments of interest, to William Wirt, George Clinton, 
Elbridge Gerry, and others; also Glenwood, rival 
cemetery of much beauty, lying north of the Capi- 
tol. To the 

Long Bridge, crossing the Potomac to the Vir- 
ginia shore, from near the Mall, to Alexander's 
Island, and computed to have carried over half a 
million of troops during the war of the secession. 
To 

Geokg:etown, a handsome suburb, lying at the 
West, beyond Kock Creek, with fine view from the 
Heights and much interest in the Aqueduct, carry- 
ing the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal over the Poto- 
mac ; also, Georgetown College (Jesuit), at the west 
end of the town, with library, museum, observatory, 
etc. ; the Convent of the Visitation, Fayette street j 
Asylum for Children; Oah Hill Cemetery (with 
handsome Chapel, fine monument to M. Bodisco, 
etc.) To 

Arlington Hotise, former mansion of George 
Washington Farke Custis, stepson of Washington? 
and later of General Kobert E. Lee, of the Confed- 
erate service, but the property since occupied as a 
Freedman^s Village, and most of the rare Washing- 
ton and other relics carried away, though the place 
must always retain a certain historical interest To 

Little and Gi^eat Falls, on the Potomac, above 
Georgetown, with handsome scenery and specially 
fine fishing. [All the last named places are most 
conveniently reached by carriage]. To 



RO XJTE NO. 9.— WESTERN AND S UTHERN. 183 

Alexandria, old town of Virginia, on tlie West- 
ern side of the Potomac, seven miles below Wash- 
ington — once of heavy commercial importance, but 
now decayed. It has interesting historical reminis- 
cences, in the fact that Gen. Braddock's unfortu- 
nate expedition to Fort Duquesne, wkich brought 
Col. Washington to notice, was fitted out here; also 
in his pew in Christ Church, still preserved, and 
other relics of the Father of his Country. It has a 
later and melancholy interest as the spot (at the 
Marshall House) where Col. Ellsw~orth, the Zouave, 
and his slayer, Jackson, were both shot, in May, 
1861. It has also a Museum, Court House, Theolog- 
ical Seminaiy, etc. [Reached from Washington by 
special boat here and to Mount Vernon ; or by regu- 
lar daily boat on way to Aquia Creek, Fortress 
Monroe, and Richmond. Also, by rail or road. 
Railway connection, north to Washington" ; south 
to Aquia Greek., Richmond, etc. ; northwest to 
Leeshurg, Haepek's Feret, Chamhershiirg , etc; 
west and southwest (through a succession of the 
early battle-fields of the secession war), to Fairfax 
Court House, Manassas Junction (battle-field of 
Bull Run in immediate neighborhood) connection 
northwestward to Strasburg, Winchester, etc.), War- 
Teuton Junction (for Warrenton), Culpepper, Orange 
Court House, Oordonsville, Charlottesville (seat 
of the University of Virginia, and with " Monti- 
cello,^' home of Thomas Jefferson, lying near), Sum- 
mit, and othjer stations, to the 



184 BHOBT-TBIP GWDE. 

White Sulphttr Speings, first of Virginia 
watering places, and one of the most popnlai' of 
general resorts — lying on Howard's Creek, near the 
Western base of the Alleghany Mountains, which 
range is crossed in the latter portion of the transit. 
Virginia has many sulphur and other mineral 
springs; but the ti-ayeler without full leisure may 
take the waters of the White Sulphur, their well- 
kept hotels, and their beautiful natural surround- 
ings, as affording the l^est t3rpe of the watering- 
places of the South]. To 

Mount Verkojst, old residence and burial-place 
of Washington, lying on the west bank of the Poto- 
mac, eight miles below Alexandria. It is, to Am- 
ericans, unquestionably the most sacred of places on 
the continent, and only less interesting to those 
from other lands. Though somewhat decayed, the 
House (now the property of the Nation, through 
the labors of Edward Ererett and the ladies of the 
'^ Ladies Mount Vernon Association ''), commands a 
beautiful view of the river, is in fair preserva- 
tion, and contains many valuable relics, among 
others, pictui'es and furniture of Washington, the 
Key of the Bastille^ presented to him by Lafayette^ 
etc. TJie Tomb, of brick, stands near the house, 
under heavy shade, with an open grated doorway 
through which the sarcophagi of Washington and 
his wife are seen ; with other tombs of the family 
visible without; the archway of the tomb bearing 
the simple inscription : '•' Within thi^ eiidosure rest 



RO JJTE NO. 9.— WESTERN AND 80 UTHERN. 185 

the remains of General George WasJmigton." Not 
far distant is the original Tomb, now crumbling to 
dust. [Reached from Washington by boat ; or by 
boat to Alexandria, and drive, or by drive. If by 
boat, with view of and stop at old Fort Washmgto^i, 
once a fortification of some consequence, on the 
eastern side of the Potomac, between Alexandria 
and Mount Vernon. 

Other Excursions from Washington, those to 
Bull Run, scene of the first important battle of 
the secession [reached from Alexandria, by Manas- 
sas Junction], and other fields of the late conflict. 
Also, nearly the same, in difi'erent directions, with 
obyious variation of railway routes, as those from 
Baltimore — see close of Division B, this route. 

Division E. 

WASHIKGTOiT, TO AKD AT EICHMOKD, YA. 

Leave Washington by morning boat on the Poto- 
mac river, to Alexandria, Va., on the right, [See 
previous Division] ; thence by Fort Washington, on 
the left [See same], and Mount Vernon, on the right 
[See same] ; to 

Aquia Creeh, small village deriving its only im- 
portance from this transit, at the junction of the 
Creek of that name with the Potomac. Thence rail, 
on the Richmond, Fredericsburg and Potomac road, 
to 

FredUricsburg, on the right bank of Rappahan- 



18G 8H0BT-TBIP GUIDE. 

nock Eiver — old town of importance in early Virgi- 
nia history, and especially notable from the fact that 
Geoege Washington was born in the immediate 
neighborhood. This event, so important to the 
Western World and indeed to all mankind, took 
place npon what has long been known as the Wake- 
field Estate, at an inconsiderable distance from the 
town, within the limits of Westmoreland county; 
and though the birth-place has long been destroyed, 
the spot is commemorated by a stone slab erected 
there by G-eorge W. P. Oustis, step-son of Washing- 
ton, in 1815, and bearing the brief inscription': 
''Here, the 11th of Fedruary, {0. S.) 1732, George 
Washington luas Born" The mother of Washington 
resided, late in life, at Fredericsburg, and died and 
was buried there ; her monument, in the outskirts of 
the town, inaugurated by President Jackson in 1833, 
still shamefully remaining unfinished. The house is 
still pointed out, at the corner of Lewis and Charles 
streets, where she saw her distinguished son for the 
last time. Fredericsburg has also a later celebrity, 
as the scene, and in the neighborhood, of a consider- 
able amount of the fighting of the secession war, in 
1862, '63, and later; and the country in the yicinity 
has by no means recovered from the devastation of 
those conflicts. Fredericsburg, by Milford, Chester, 

Sexton^s Junction [connection westward, by Ches- 
apeake and Ohio Eailroad, to Oordoiisville, Staunton, 
and White 8ul2ohur Springs,'] to 

EiCHMOND, on the James Eiver, capital of the 



RO UTE JSrO.d.— WESTERN AND SO UTEERN 187 

State of Virginia, and ever memorable as the later 
seat of the Confederate Government, and the object 
of an investiture and siege by the United States 
forces, that seemed literally hopeless and intermina- 
ble. It lies on the left or north bank of the James, 
at the Lower Falls, or end of that series of rapids ex- 
tending six miles above and supplying the city with 
the needed water-power for its many flour-mills, to- 
bacco and other manufactories. The most conspic- 
uous object in the city, from the height of its posi- 
tion as well as from other causes, is 

TJie Capitol, located on Shockoe Hill, a considera- 
ble elevation, and thus looking down upon the major 
portion of the city. It is G-reek in the character of 
its architecture, with porticos, and a tall, narrow 
dome, and is generally impressive in effect, though 
the details are by no means faultless. It stands in a 
public square elevated as already named, and com- 
mands a fine view, especially from the portico or 
dome, over the James Eiver, its islands, and a wide 
stretch of country. Internally, there is not much of 
interest in the legislative halls; the principal at- 
traction centering in the splendid marble statue of 
Washington, by Houdon, considered the best extant, 
standing in the central hall, under the dome — and 
in the historical reminiscences, now so varied, inevi- 
tably clustering round the principal place of direc- 
tion of the short-lived Confederacy. 

Other Principal Buildings, worth visit: Richmond 
and St, Vincent Colleges; the City Hall, Custom 



188 ISEOBT-TBIP GUIDE. 

House and Penitentiary ; and, as special objects of 
interest connected with the war, Castle Thunder and 
the Lilhy Prison, Also may be visited with profit, 
some of the many Flouring Mills, in which some of 
the best wheat in the world is prepared. Leading 
Churches: St. John's and the Monumental, with 
many others only less interesting. Other objects of 
interest : the old Lines of Fortification defending the 
city during the siege ; the Rapids (or Falls of the 
James) ; the entrance of the James Eiver and 
Kanawha Canal, etc. Leading Hotel : the Ballard. 
[Principal railway connections from Eichmond: 
northward, by routes just traversed, to Washington, 
etc. ; eastward to the White House and Chesapeake 
Bay ; southward, by Petersburg and Weldon road, to 
Weldon and Wilmington (N. C); south-westward, 
by Richmond and Danville road, to Greensloro, 
(K C), and Columlia and Charleston (S. C); 
also south-westward, by South Side and Tennessee 
roads, across the Alleghanies to Knoxville^ (Tenn.) 
and other places in extreme south and west. (See 
routes immediately following.) ] 



ROUTE NO. 10-SOUTH'WESTERN iSEMhSKELE- 

TON.) 

RICHMOND, BY KALEIGH, WILMI2TGT0N, COLUMBIA, 

CHARLESTOiq", ATLAi^TA, MONTGOMERY AND 

MOBILE, TO NEW ORLEANS. 

Eichmond by rail on Petersburg and Weldon road, 
to Petersburg (with fortifications remaining, and 
many other traces of the struggle which had some of 
its fiercest and most destructive conflicts at and 
around it) ; thence by Hichford Junction^ where 
Kaleigh and Gaston road is taken, and by Ridgeway 
Junction; to 

Raleigh, capital of the State of North Carolina, 
on the Neuse River, and named after Sir Walter 
Raleigh. It has an imposing State House, hand- 
some Union Square, State Lunatic Asylum and 
many other objects of interest. Prom Raleigh ; by 
the North Carolina and Wilmington roads, to 

WiLMiNQTON, on the Cape Pear river, largest and 
chief commercial city of the State, with steamers to 
New Yoi^k; extensive exports of naval stores ; some 
good public buildings; Forts Fisher and Gaswell 
(bombarded during the war), etc. Wilmington, by 
Columbia and Augusta road to Flore7ice ; thence by 
North-eastern road to 

Charleston, principal city of South Carolina, 



190 8H0BT-TRIP GUIDE. 

and one of the leading sea-ports of tlie South [may 
be reached by steamer direct from New York], as 
well as especially celebrated as having been the spot 
at which the first fighting of the secession occurred, 
and for a long time the stronghold of the Confede- 
rates and object of Federal siege. It lies at the 
confluence of the Ashley and Cooper rivers, has a 
fine harbor, and very strong fortifications, in Forts 
Moultrie, Castle Pinchney, etc., and also the ruins of 
the celebrated Fort Sumter. It has many good pub- 
lic buildings, though many were destroyed during 
the war, from which the city is only slowly recover- 
ing. Among the most interesting buildings. are the 
Old State House, (now Court House), New Custom 
House, City Hall, Orphan Asylum, St. MichaeVs 
Ghurcli (with fine old tower), Charleston College, etc. 
Principal Public G-round : the Battery, at the har- 
bor-side. Principal Cemetery: Magnolia Cemetery , 
considered the finest in the South. Leading Hotels : 
the Mills House, Charleston and Pavilion. [Near 
connection south-westward, by Charleston and Sa- 
vannah road, to 

Savannah, principal town of the State of Georgia, 
on south bank of the Savannah river, with remark- 
ably wide streets, fine shade, many notable public 
buildings, revolutionary and secession reminiscences, 
and considered one of the healthiest of the Southern 
cities. Principal Hotels: the Marshall^ Pulashi, 
and Scriven. Connection from Savannah south- 
westward to Tallahassee and other towns of Florida.] 



RO UTE NO. 10.— >S0 UTH- ymSTEBN. 191 

From Charleston, by Sonth Carolina road, by 
Branchville and KingsvilUy to 

Columbia, capital of South Carolina, beautifully 
situated on the Oongaree river, with what is consid- 
ered the handsomest State- Caj^itol in the Union, 
the South Carolina College, and many other attrac- 
tions, though burned during the war, and only par- 
tially recovered. Leading Hotel : NicTcerson^s. From 
Columbia, by Columbia and Augusta road, to 

Augusta, capital of Georgia, and second town in 
the State ; on the Savannah river, with Powder and 
Cotton Factories, a large XJ. S. Arsenal in the neigh- 
borhood, handsome City Hall, and many attractions 
as a residence. Leading Hotels : the Augusta and 
Planters\ From Augusta, westward, by the G-eorgia 
road, to 

Atlanta, important railway town of Georgia, being 
at the intersection of the Georgia road west, the At- 
lantic road-southward from Chattanooga and Nash- 
ville, the Macon road south to Macon, etc. ; and with 
a certain other interest in its siege during the war, 
and as the point of departure of Sherman, on his 
"March to the Sea." Hotel: the National. From 
Atlanta, by Atlanta and West Point and Montgom- 
ery and West Point roads, by West Point, to 

Montgomery, capital of Alabama, and for a time 
the seat of the Confederate Government, before re- 
moval to Richmond. It lies on the Alabama river, 
has a commanding site, a Capitol worthy of atten- 
tion, and many other good buildings, though having 



19a SHOBT-TBIP GUIDE. 

several times suffered severely by fire. Prominent 
Hotels : the Central and Exchange. From Montgo- 
mery south-westward, by Mobile and Montgomery 
road, by Pollard (Junction : railway connection to 
Pensacola, handsome town on Pensacola Bay, near 
the Gulf of Mexico, with fine harbor, U. S. Naval 
Station, etc. — leading Hotels: Bedell, Winter and 
8t. Mary's Hall) ; to 

Mobile, on the Bay of the same name, branch of 
the Gulf of Mexico. It is the most important sea- 
port of Alabama, and, in spite of bad navigation, the 
second of the Great Cotton-ports of the Gulf. It 
has few public buildings of interest, but fine water- 
views, extensive fortifications, and a romantic his- 
toric interest as the scene of Farragut's fearful '^pas- 
sage of the Forts" and lashing himself in the shrouds 
of his vessel in the midst of their fire. [Communi- 
cation by steamers and sailing-vessels, to New Oe- 
LEANS, Galveston, and many other ports on the 
Gulf.] Leading Hotel: the Battle House. From 
Mobile, by Mobile and Texas road, to 

New Oeleans, largest city of the State of Loui- 
siana, and first cotton port of the South, as well as 
entrepot for products coming down the Mississippi 
River, of which it lies at near the debouchure into 
the Gulf of Mexico. New Orleans, familiarly called 
the " Crescent City," from its shape on the river, 
used also to be called the " Paris of America," and 
has not quite lost all the characteristics of gaiety 
bestowing the name. It lies on land lower than th^ 



BO UTE NO. 10.-/90 UTH- WESTERN. 193 

river, rendering necessary a great embankment, call- 
ed the Levee, which also supplies both wharves and 
promenades, along which may be seen the most 
marked features of the city. Among the later nota- 
ble events connected, were another "passing of the 
Forts," below, {Forts Jackson and St. Philip) by 
Admiral Farragut, and the occupation of the city by 
the somewhat-unpopular commandant, Gen. B. F. 
Butler. Among the most important buildings are 
the Custom Hotose, Canal street, one of the largest in 
America; the U. S. Branch Mint ; the City Hall; 
Odd Fellows Hall; Masonic Hall ; Merchants'' Ex- 
change ; U. S. Marine Hospital., etc. It has many fine 
churches, with the Roman Catholic Cathedral of St. 
Louis the most prominent ; and of its public grounds 
the most notable are the New City Park, Lafayette 
Square, Jackson Square, etc. Most attractive Ceme- 
teries : Cypress Grove, Greenwood, and Monument 
(soldiers'). There are two Monuments of interest: 
the Clay, on Canal street, and the Jackson (unfin- 
ished) on the Battle-field, below the city. One of 
the most interesting features of New Orleans is to 
be found in the Markets, which should be visited 
early in the morning, not only to observe the im- 
mense variety of articles on sale, but the negro, half- 
Spanish and half-French characters of dealers and 
customers. Principal Theatres: the Opera House^ 
St. Charles, Varieties and Academy of Mitsic. Prom- 
inent Hotels : the St. Charles, St. Louis, St. James^ 
and City. Excursions may be made to the Battle- 



194 SHORT-TBIP GUIDE. 

Field, scene of Gen. Jackson's victory over Sir 
Edmund Pakenliam, Jan. 8th, 1815, four or five 
miles below the city ; to the TJ. 8. Barracks, a little 
above ; to LaTce Fonchar train, above the city (famous 
for fishing and shooting, in the season) ; to the 
Delta and the Mouths of the Mississippi, some 
twenty-five miles below. 

[New Orleans has regular communication, by 
steamer, to New York ; to Havana (Cuba) ; to 
Galveston (Texas) ; and nearly all important Gulf 
ports. Also by steamer up the Mississippi, to Merji- 
phis, Cairo, St. Louis, and all important towns on 
that river. Also by rail, by Jachson (Miss.) to Mem- 
phis; and thence to all towns and cities in the 
North, North-east or North-west.] 



% 



ROUTE NO. n -SOUTH-WESTERN {SKELETON.) 

WASHINGTON" OR RICHMOND, BY LYNCHBURG, 
KNOXVILLE AND CHATTANOOGA, TO 

MOBILE AND NEW ORLEANS. 

Washington by rail, by Alexandria; and by 
Orange, Alexandria and Manassas road (by Manassas 
Junction), to Cliarlottesville (Junction — connection 
westward to Staunton, etc.) ; thence direct to Lynch- 
burg. Or, Eichmond by South Side road to BurTc- 
ville (Junction — intersection with Eichmond and 
Danville road, southward) ; thence direct by Appo- 
mattox, and other stations, to 

Lynchburg, on the James Eiver, and the James 
Elver and Kanawha Canal — important tobacco-depot 
and flourishing town. [Most convenient railway 
point, from which to reach, by canal-packet or car- 
riage, those great natural curiosities, the Natural 
Bridge and the (Mountain) Peahs of Otter.'] From 
Lynchburg, by Virginia and Tennessee Eoad, by 
Bonsack^s [stage connection to White Sulphur and 
other Springs] ; Big Tunnel [passage of the Alle- 
ghany Mountains; horse-car connection to Allegha- 
ny Springs] ; Bristol, and other Stations, to 

Knoxville, important town of the State of Tennes- 
see, on the Holston Eiver, with the University of 



196 ^ , SHORT- TRIP GUIDE. 

East Tennessee^ many railway connections, and much 
popularity as a place of residence. Knoxville to 

Chattanooga, on tha Tennessee river, near the 
boundaries of Alabama and Georgia, and one of the 
most important railway centres of the south-west; 
but additionally celebrated, since the war, for the 
battles of GJiichamauga and Loohout Mountain, 
fought in the immediate neighborhood. In the 
vicinity of the Lookout (easily visited from Chatta- 
nooga,) is to be found scenery of equal grandeur and 
loveliness. Hotel : the Crutclifield House. Chatta- 
nooga, by the Alabama and Chattanooga road, by 
Tuscaloosa and other important stations, to 

Meridian, railway town of the State cf Mississippi, 
[with connections east to Montgomery, west to Jaclc- 
SG71 (capital of the State), north of Memphis, etc.] 
From Meridian, by the Mobile and Ohio road, direct 
to Mobile and New Orleans, as in Route "No. 10. 



ROUTE NO. 12 -WESTERN. 

N'EW YORK TO PHILADELPHIA, HAERISBUEG, PITTS- 
BURG, CIii[CIKKATI, ST. LOUIS, CHICAGO, ETC., 
BY PEKNSYLVAi^IA CEiq^TRAL ROAD AND 
C01sr2S"ECTI0KS. 

Division A, 

KEW YORK TO PHILADELPHIA, OR MANTUA JUNC- 
TION. 

Leave New York (as by Route No. 8) by the New 
Jersey road, by Jersey City, Newark, Elizabeth, 
Rahway, New Brunstvich, Trenton, etc., to Phila- 
delphia, if for stop at that city ; if for through pas- 
sage to the West, without stop at Philadelphia, New 
York by the same towns to Mantua Junction, 
where close through-connection is made. 

Division B, 

PHILADELPHIA, OR MANTUA JUNCTION, TO AND AT 
HARRISBURG. 

Leave Philadelphia (West Philadelphia), or Man- 
tua Junction, if without stop at Philadelphia, by 
rail, by the Pennsylvania Central road; by Down- 
ington [connection northward for Waynesburg] ; 
by Coatesville [connection northward for Reading, 
southward for Wilmington ], etc. ; to 

Lancaster, pleasantly situated on the Cones toga 
Creek, in a fine agricultural section; sesit of Franklin 



198 8H0RT-TBIP GUIDE, 

and Marshall College \ with Court House and other 
creditable buildings, and interesting series of Canal 
Locks in the neighborhood, at mouth of the creek. 
Was for some years, at beginning of the century, the 
seat of goyernment of Pennsylvania. Leading Ho- 
tels : the City, and MichaeVs. Lancaster, by Branch 
Intersection [connection northward to Reading, 
southward for ColumUay York, etc.], Mt, Joy and 
Middletown, to 

Harrisbueq, capital of the State of Pennsylvania, 
on the east bank of the Susquehanna river (origi- 
nally " Harris' Ferry " over that river). The most 
notable building is the Capitol, on high ground, 
with fine view from the dome, with State Library, 
Legislative Chambers, etc. Also should be visited, 
the Court House; the Old Harris Mansion; and 
some of the extensive Iron and Steel Works in ^e 
vicinity; as well the Susquehanna river and some 
of the bridges spanning it — one of them very old, 
and shows a remarkably high arch. Principal 
street; Front Street, Principal Public Ground; 
Harris Parle. Prominent Hotels; the Lochiel, 
Jones House, and Bolton^ s. [Important railway con- 
nections from Harrisburg : by Lebanon Valley road, 
east to Letanon and Reading ; by Northern Central 
road, southeast to Baltimoee, etc.; by the same 
road northward to Elmira and the Erie Railway and 
its connections ; by Cumberland Valley road, south- 
westward for Carlisle, Chamlershurg, etc. ; by Phila- 
delphia and Erie road, northwestward for Williams- 
port, Gorry, Erie and Oil Regions.] 



ROUTE NO. Vi.— WESTERN, 19& 

Division G, 

HAEBISBITKG TO AITD AT PITTSBURG, "WHEELING, ETa 

From Harrisburg, continuing by Pennsylvania 
Central road ; by Lewistown [connection north- 
ward for Milroy, northeastward for Sunbury, etc.] ; 
by Tyrone [connection northeastward to Loch Haven 
and the Philadelphia and Erie -road, northwest to 
Clearfield, etc.] ; by Huntington^ etc., to 

Altooka, at the commencement of the ascent of 
the Alleghany Mountains ; great locomotive-shop of 
the Pennsylvania Central Company; and sur- 
rounded by magnificent mountain-scenery, making 
a sojourn very pleasant in summer. Hotel : the 
Logan House. [Spur southward to Martinshurg, 
and stage thence to Bedford Springs.'] From Al- 
toona should be made, by daylight, to enjoy the fine 
scenery, the 

Railway ascent of the Alleghanies, with features 
quite as grand as most of the Alpine rail-routes, 
and double power necessary in drawing up the 
trains. An immense Tunnel, nearly three-quar- 
ters of a mile in length, is passed through before 
reaching the summit, at 

CRESSOisr (Cresson Springs), a popular summer- 
resort, on account of its elevation and healthful 
air. Hotel : the Mountain House. [Spur north- 
ward to Ebenshurg.'] From Cresson the descent of the 
AUeghanies is made, luithout the use of steam, the 
speed being regulated by brake-power; to Gonemaugh 
Station ; and to Johnstowny with the extensive Cam- 



200 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

bria Iron Works in the neighborhood, and heavy man- 
ufactures. Hotel: the Scott House. From Johns- 
towR, by Blairsville [connection northward for In- 
diana, northwestward to Freeport and points on Al- 
legheny Valley road] ; by Greenslurg, etc., to 

Pittsburg, at the confluence of the Allegheny 
and Monongahela rivers (forming the commence- 
ment of the Ohio); and on the spot once occupied 
by old Fort Duquesne; with Braddock's Field, of 
the French war, in the near vicinity. Very exten- 
sive manufactures are carried on, in Pittsburg, in 
Allegheny City (across the Allegheny, and connected 
by fine bridges), in Birmingham (similarly situated 
across the Monongahela, with bridges), Lawrence- 
ville, and other suburbs — in iron, glass, steel, brass, 
wooden-ware, and many other industries. It is also 
a great coal and oil centre, and has the smokiest 
atmospherejn America. 

In addition to the Manufactories and the exten- 
sive Railway Buildings, other objects of interest 
will be found in the Levee (wharves) on the Monon- 
gahela ; the Ohio and Mississippi boats loading there, 
with many peculiarities for the stranger; the In- 
clined Railioay up Mount Washington, across the 
Monongahela, whence a fine view of the city may 
be commanded, etc. Among prominent public 
and other buildings will be noticed the Roman 
Catholic Cathedral; Preslyterian and Baptist 
Churches; Court House; Custom House; (with 
Post Office); new City Hall ; Mercantile Library 
Hall, etc. ; and in Alleghany City, the Tfieological 
Seminaries^ Western Penitentiary, etc., and more 



ROUTE NO. 12.— WESTERN, 201 

elegant residences of the citizens. There are no 
less than four Cemeteries : the Alleghany j St, 
Mary^s; Hilldale; and Mt, Union. Leading Ho- 
tels: the Monongdhelay Union, JSt, Charles, and 
Merchants'. 

[Eailway connections from Pittsburg are very 
general. Northward, by the Alleghany Valley road, 
to Venango, Oil City, and the Oil Eegions generally; 
eastward by route just traversed ; westward, to places 
named, by the Pittsburg, Cincinnati and St. Louis 
and Pittsburg, Fori; "Wayne and Chicago roads; 
northwestward to Cleveland, by Cleveland and Pitts- 
burg road, and to Erie by the Erie and Pittsburg 
road; southeastward to Cumterland, Harper's Ferry, 
etc., by the Pittsburg and Baltimore and Washing- 
ton road. There is also steamboat communication, 
down the Ohio river to Wlieeling, and thence to 
Cincinnati, during the open season.] 

From Pittsburg, by Cleveland an^ Pittsburg 
road, a visit may be paid to 

"Wheeling, West Virginia, a large and important 
town, lying at the debouchure of Wheeling Creek 
into the Ohio river — with manufactures of the same 
character as those of Pittsburg, only second to them 
in extent. Apart from its Manufactures, the two 
greatest points of interest are the Wire Suspension 
Bridge of the National Road, with 1,000 feet of span ; 
and the new and splendid Railway Bridge. Oil and 
coal trade also immense, as at Pittsburg. [Eailway 
connection southeastward by the Baltimore and Ohio 
road to Harper's Ferry, Baltimore and Washington ; 



202 SHOBT-TBIP GUIDE. 

eastward to Pittsburg and northwestward to GlevO' 
land and Lake Erie, by the Cleveland and Pittsburg 
road. Or, by Baltimore and Ohio road, from 
Wheeling by Belle Air ; and Zanesville, thriving 
and handsome town on the Muskingum Kiver, 
with immense water power and fine railroad-bridge 
— [connection south westward^ by Cincinnati and 
Muskingum Valley road, to Cincinnati^ : to New- 
ark, Columbus, etc, Steamboat communication to 
Pittsburg, and down the Ohio to CiNOiNi^ATi 
during the open season. Hempfield railway will 
conn'ect directly to Pittsburg when completed.] 

Division D. 

PITTSBURG TO AKD AT COLUMBUS, OHIO. 

From Pittsburg, by rail, on the Pittsburg, Cin- 
cinnati and St. Louis road (or from "Wheeling by 
rail to same^ point) ^ by 

Steubekville, pleasant village on the Ohio river, 
county seat of Jefferson County, with many manu- 
factures and fine scenery in the neighborhood; 
by Mingo Junction [connection northwestward to 
Cleveland, eastward to Rochester, etc.] ; by Dennison, 
CosHOCTOisr, an<i Dresden Junction [connection 
south to Zakesville, etc.] ; to 

Newaek, handsome and thriving town on the 
Licking river, with extensive railway connections: 
roads to Sanduslcy and Lake Erie, to Zanesville and 
the south, intersecting. From Newark to 

Columbus,, on the Scioto River, capital of the 



ROUTE NO. 12,— WE8TEBm 203 

State of Ohio, and one of the most important towns 
of the state. It is beautifully laid out and very 
handsomely shaded; Broadway^ its main street, 
being considered unsurpassed. The Capitol, on the 
elegant public ground, Capitol Square, has fine 
chambers, good sculptures and pictures; and 
there are, of other public buildings of interest, 
the City Hall ; U, 8, Arsenal, with fine high 
grounds ; 8tate Penitentiary ; Central Oliio Lunatic 
Asylum (building, in place of that burned in 1868); 
Blind and Beaf and Burrib Asylums ; Starling 
Medical College ; St. Mary's Female Semiiiary, etc. 
Also worthy of attention are the Roily Water 
WorTcs, with steam raising-power. Other Public 
Grounds than the one already named and the fine 
ones surrounding most of the public buildings : the 
City and Goodale Paries, and those of the Franklin 
Agricultural Society. Most popular Cemetery: 
Green Lawn. Theatre : the Opera House. Hotel : 
the Neil House. [Railway conections extensive: 
eastward by the route just traversed ; northward by 
the Cleveland, Columbus, Cincinnati and Indian- 
apolis road, to Toledo, Cleveland, etc.; south-west- 
ward to Cincinnati (as see route following) ; south- 
eastward to Athens and the Baltimore and Ohio 
road; etc.] 

Bivision E. 

COLUMBUS TO AND AT CINCTKKATI. 

From Columbus, by the Little Miami road; 
by London; hy Xenia, very handsome town,_with 



204 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

water-power and manufactures, on the Little 
Miami river [connection westward for Daytok 
and Eichmond] ; by Morrow [connection east with 
the Cincinnati and Muskingum Valley road] ; by 
Lovelandj [connection east by the Marietta and 
Cincinnati road, for Marietta, and the Baltimore 
and Ohio road] ; to 

Cincinnati, on the Ohio river, called the " Queen 
City," principally built upon two terraces sloping 
back from the river ; while opposite it, and divided 
from it by the Ohio river, are the large towns 
of N'ewport and Covington, in the State of Ken- 
tucky; with Newport Barracks, important U. S. 
military station, on the river bank, near the former. 
Cincinnati has also heavy commerce and important 
manufactures. 

Among the public buildings of prominence are 
the Custom House (with Post Office attached), on 
Fourth Street ; the City Hall (with neat grounds), 
Plum Street ; the Court House, Main Street ; Cin- 
cinnati College, Walnut Street ; St. Xavier's College 
(Catholic) Sycamore Street; Convent of Notre Dame, 
Sixth Street; House of Refuge, north of the city; 
City Workhouse, near the latter; Cincinnati Hos- 
pital, Twelfth Street; etc. Principal Churches: 
St. John's (Epis.) ; St. PauVs (Meth. Epis.) ; First 
Baptist; St. Peter's Cathedral (Catholic) ; First 
Preslyterian, etc., though with many others credi- 
table. Places of Amusement: the National and 
Wood's Theatres; Pike's Music Hall; Melodion; 
Gymnasium; Queen City Skating Rink, etc. 



ROUTE NO. 12.— WESTERN. 205 

Prominent Hotels : the Burnet, Spencer, Gibson, 
St. James, Carlisle, etc. 

Public Grounds: ^den Park, east of the city, 
elevated and with fine view ; Fountain Square, with 
magnificent bronze fountain lately presented by Mr. 
Henry Probasco; City, Lincoln, Washington and 
Hopkins Parks. Cemeteries : Spring Grove, one of 
the handsomest in the West, northwest of the city, 
with splendid avenues of approach, and a fine sol- 
diers' monument ; Si. Bernard, Wesley an, and others 
minor. Other Objects of Interest: the great Sus- 
'pension Bridge over the Ohio, with longest span in 
the world ; the Licking Bridge, also a suspension, 
and only less remarkable in length; the Railroad 
Bridge (new) ; remains of entrenchments thrown up 
during the Confederate "siege"; the Levee, along 
the river, with steamboat-landings and a very fine 
idea of the industry of the city ; steamboat-building- 
yards; and many of the very extensive Manufac- 
tories, with diversified products. 

[Eailway connections : eastward, by route just trav- 
ersed—also, by Marietta and Cincinnati, and Chesa 
peake and Ohio roads to RicJimond, etc. ; northeast- 
ward by the Little Miami and other roads, to Cleve- 
land, Sandusky, etc. ; northward, by Cincinnati, 
Hamilton and Dayton road, to Toledo; northwest- 
ward, by same road and connections, to Chicago ; 
westward, by Ohio and Mississippi road, by Vin- 
cennes to St. Louis and the Mississippi river. 

Also, steamboat transit on the Ohio river, to all 
points on that stream, to Cairo and the Mississippi.] 



205a SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

Division F. 

PITTSBURG TO AN'D AT ST. LOUIS. 

Pittsburg to Columbus and Cincinnati, as by 
route preceding. 

Leave Cincinnati by the Indianapolis, Cincinnati 
and Lafayette road, by Delhi, North Bend, Valley 
Junction [connection with White Water Valley 
Kailroad], Lawrence^urg, [connection with Ohio and 
Mississippi road, for ViNCEKi^'ES, etc.,] Morris, 
Greenslurg^ Shelhyville, [connection with Jefferson- 
ville road, south for Louisville, etc.,] to 

li^'DiANAPOLis, capital and largest town of the 
State of Indiana, lying on the White river, in a 
very fertile plain, with heavy manufactures, and sup- 
plying one of the most noted railroad centres of the 
West. It is also celebrated for its school system ; has 
an imposing but old State House, on Washington 
Street; State Lunatic Asylum^ Institute for the 
Blind, United States Arsenal, Northwestern Chris- 
tian University, a very large Union Depot, an Acad- 
emy of Music, etc. Prominent Hotels : Bates Rouse 
and Mason House. [Railway connections, as before 
indicated, universal.] 

From Indianapolis, by the St. Louis, Yandalia and 
Terre Haute road, by Green castle, to 

Terre Haute, very handsome town on Harrison 
Prairie and the Wabash river, and also on the 
Wabash and Erie Canal, and with extensive railway 
connections. It is elegantly shaded, has many noble 



ROUTE NO. 12.— WESTERN. 2056 

residences, St. Mar if s Seminary (Catholic), the State, 
Normal School, and a handsome Opera House. It in 
also largely engaged in manufactures, forging, etc* 
Hotel: the Terre Haute House (with a wonderful 
echo near it, excelling any other known in the world 
in the number of repetitions.) 

Terre Haute by Marshall and Oreenup, to Effing- 
ham [connections north to Chicago, south to Cairo, 
etc., by branch of the Illinois Central road]; to 

Vakdalia, on the Kaskaskia river, thriving town 
and once capital of the State of Indiana. [Connec- 
tions, north to Bldomington and Chicago, south to 
Cairo, etc., by main line of the Illinois Central road.] 
Vandalia. by Greenville, Highland, etc., to East St, 
Louis, and 

St. Louis. {See page 221.] 

Division G* 

PITTSBURG BY FOBT WAYKB TO CHICAGO. 

[See Route 13 — ^p igf s 209 to 211 ; also same route, 
pages 212 to 216, f- r 
Chicago.] 



ROUTE NO, 18 -WESTERN. 

\ KW YOEK to EASTOJT (pa.), HARRISBURG, PlT'i> 
BURG, FORT WAYJSTE AN^D CHICAGO ; BY THE 
ALLENTOWI^ ROUTE. 

Division A. 

NEW YORK TO EASTOK, HARRISBURG AND PITTS- 
BURG. 

Leave New York, by boats of New Jersey Central 
Eailroad, from foot of Liberty Street, to Communi- 
paw (lower Jersey City); thence by cars of that 
road, by Bergen Point, and over Long Bridge across 
Newark Bay ; to Elizabetliport (station — at the left 
the town and great coal depot of that name) ; and to 
Elizabeth [intersection with New Jersey road, 
eastward to New Yore, and westward to Phila- 
delphia : See Route No. 8, New York to Phila 
delphia]. Elizabeth, by other stations, to 

Plainfield, pleasant village and favorite summer- 
residence, lying at near the foot of the Orange 
Mountains, a minor spur of the Blue Ridge, and 
with a remarkable eminence at a short distance to 
the north, called "Washington's Rock," from which 
that general is said sometimes to have watched thf 
movements of the British forces. By Bound-Brooh 
on the Raritan River, and at the opening of the Valley 
of the same nam^, to 



RO UTE NO. 13. - WESTERN. 207 

SOMEEVILLE, oountj Seat of Somerset County^ 
very handsomely situated, with fine quiet scenery in 
the neighborhood, some copper and iron mines, and 
much general prosperity. [Connection by South 
Branch Eoad to Flemington and Lamdertville.] By 
(jther stations to the 

High Bridge, (or rather very long and high em- 
bankment) over the South Branch of the Raritan 
River, with fine view in crossing, and large Iron- 
Works in the neighborhood, for railroad-founding. 
Very soon is reached. 

Hampt07i Jmiction [connection with the Delaware, 
Lackawanna and Western Railway, for the Delaware 
Water Gap, Scr anion, the Coal Regions of Pennsyl- 
vania, and. the Erie road at Binghampton.] By 
Bloomshury and other stations, to 

Philipsburg, on the New Jersey side of the Dela- 
ware, with heavy iron-manufactures, and three 
bridges connecting it with Easton, on the opposite 
side of the river. Also with important railway con- 
nections, for Central New Jersey, Philadelphia, aud 
northward to the Delaware Water Gap and the 
Coal Regions. Crossing the river by bridge, the train 
reaches 

Eastoit, Pennsylvania, on the western bank of 
the Delaware, at the double junction of the Lehigh 
and the Bushkill, and one of the most important u 
the coal and railway centres of the two adjoining 
States, with extensive mills, distilleries and general 
luan lilac tures. It is also the seat (on an eminence 



908 8H0BT-TBIP GUIDE. 

known as Mount Lafayette, at the east of the town) 
of Lafayette College^ a flourishing and well-endowed 
institution, rapidly growing in influence. [Exten- 
sive railroad connection, apart from the line of route 
being traversed ; as in addition to that mentioned by 
both the New Jersey Central and the Delaware and 
Lackawanna to New Yoek, it has also connection 
northward to the Water Gap and the Coal Regions ; 
southward to Philadelphia; the Lehigh Valley 
road northward to Pittston; the Lehigh Canal in 
the same direction ; and the Morris Canal through 
the State of New Jersey to Raritan Bay.] 

Leave Easton by Lehigh Valley road ; by Bethle- 
hem, pleasant town on the Lehigh river; seat of 
Lehigh University ; and long celebrated as the prin- 
cipal abode of the Moravians, or United Brethren, 
in the United States. [Connection southward with 
North Pennsylvania road for Philadelphia, and 
northward for Scranton and the Coal Regions.] 

From Bethlehem, by U, Penn. Junction [con- 
nection with East Pennsylvania road] ; to 

Allentown, handsome town on high ground 
near the Lehigh river, with large iron and other 
manufactures, and much charm as a residence. 
Has Big Bock and several popular mineral springs 
in the neighborhood. Hotel: the ^mmm^i. [Con- 
nections, northward by the Lehigh Valley road to 
the Coal Regions and the Erie road ; westward by 
present route to Reading, etc.] 

Allen town, by East Pennsylvania road, to 



BO UTE NO. 13.— WESTERN. 309 

Rbadikq, large and important manufacturing 
town on the Schuylkill river, especially notable for 
mills, iron-furnaces and railroad work. It has a 
high and handsome sloping location, with a con- 
siderable eminence, Penn^s Mount, near, command- 
ing fine view. It has a noble Court House ; two or 
three Churches of especial beauty; and Mineral 
Springs in the neighborhood, with hotels of popu- 
lar resort. Leading Hotel (in the town), the Man- 
sion House. [Connection, northward, to Catawissa 
and Hazleton (Coal Regions), and southeast to Phil- 
adelphia by the Philadelphia and Reading road.] 
Reading to 

LEBAN02S", on the Swatara Creek, county seat of 
Lebanon County, and a prosperous town, with the 
most immense (Cornwall) Iron Ore Beds in the neigh- 
borhood, known to exist in the world ; also Copper 
Ore in large quantities, and Marble. From Lebanon 
to 

Harrisbi:kg. (For notes on Harrisburg, see 
previous Route, No. 12.) 

[Harrisburg to Pittslurg, as by Route No. 12, 
preceding ; whether for Chicago, Cincinnati, or SU 
Lottis.] 

Division B, 

PITTSBUEG TO FORT WAYN"E AND CHICAGO. 

[At Pittsburg, previous route, No. 12, may be 
pursued, from that point to Columbus and Cincin- 
nati^ with extension to St. Louis; or other lines 



210 8H0BT-TBIP GUIDE. 

pursued (see that route) northward to the Lakes, 
southward to the Baltimore and Ohio road, etc.] 

Leave Pittsburg, for Chicago or places on that 
line, by Pittsburg, Fort Wayne and Chicago road ; 
by Rochester (small town on the Beaver Creek — with 
connection southwestward, by Cleveland and Pitts- 
burg road, to Wlieeling and west) ; by Homewood 
[connection northward for Newcastle, etc.] ; by Lee- 
tonia [connection southward to New Lisbon, etc.] ; 
by Salem, very handsome small town, with fine 
suburbs, and manufactures] ; to 

Alliance^ important station [connection north- 
ward, by Cleveland and Pittsburg road, to Cleveland ; 
soutnward to Steuienville, etc.] From Alliance, by 
Canton and Massillon, handsome manufacturing 
towns ; by Orrville [connection northward to Akeok" 
and Cleveland'] ; by Mansfield^ another handsome 
manufacturing town [connections northward to San- 
dushy, southward to Zanesville^ southwestward to 
Dayton, Hamilton and CiisrciN"i^ATi] ; to 

Crestline, another important railway towD. [Con- 
nections southward by the Cleveland, Columbus, 
Cincinnati and Indianapolis road, to Columbus; 
northward by the Sandusky road to Sandushy ; 
northeastward to . Cleveland by the Cleveland, Co- 
lumbus, Cincinnati and Indianapolis road ; north- 
westward to Toledo and Detroit by same road and 
connections] . From Crestlin e, by Bucyrus, thriving 
village on the Sandusky Kiver ; by Forest [connec- 
tions north to Cleveland, south to Cincinnati"\ ; by 



ROUTE NO. V6.— WESTERN. 2n 

Lima, manufacturing village on the Ottawa river 
[connections southward by Cincinnati, Hamilton 
and Dayton road, to Dayton and Cincinnati ; north- 
ward by the same road to Toledo and Detroit] ; by 
minor stations, to 

Fort Wayite, Indiana, on the Maumee river — 
calleti the "Summit City"; because it lies at the 
highest point of the water-shed. It ii passed 
through by the Wabash and Erie Canal, and is an 
"mportant railway centre as well as a manufacturing 
town of promise. [Connections : northeastward to 
Toledo, Lake Erie and Detroit, by Toledo, Wabash 
and Western road ; westward by the same road and 
connections, to Logansport and thence to Peoria 
and towns of Central Illinois; northward to the 
Mi higan Southern road, at Waterloo, etc.] From 
Fort Wayne, by Columdia.'hj Warsaw; by Fly- 
mouth [connection southward to Indianapolis, 
capital of the State, by Indianapolis, Peru and Chi- 
cago road] ; by Wanatah [connection southward by 
the Louisville and New Albany road, to Lafayette 
and to Louisville, Ky.] ; by Valparaiso, to that 
city which has furnished, both in fortune and mis- 
fortune, the best possible type of American capaci- 
ties in either direction, and which has been, and 
will continue to be, quite as often in men's months 
as any other on the Western Comment — 



W3 SHORT-TRIP OUIDB. 

Chicago, Illinois. 

Division C, 

CHICAGO AS IT WAS, HAS BEEN, AND IS. 

The history of the world furnishes no parallel to 
the change between the three conditions above 
named, in connection with the "Giant of the West" 
city of Chicago, an exaggerated type of the whole 
continent, in the "was," the "has been" and the ^' is." 

Up to the fall of the eventful year, 1871, Chi- 
cago stood, as it had been for thirty or forty years 
growing up to be, the actual Queen City of the 
West, one of the most important of the Union, and 
the greatest grain mart and depot of the world, as 
well as one of the most important railroad centres 
of the entire continent. It lay on the western shore 
of Lake Michigan, at near the southern boundary ol 
that Lake, at the entrance of the Chicago river into 
it. It had its first white settlement in 1804, by Col. 
John Kinzie; and so late as 1830 contained only 
15 houses. It was incorporated as a city, seven 
years iater, in 1837 — the population at that time 
being 4,170. In 1843 this had increased to 7,580; 
in 1847 to 16,859; in 1850 to 28,269; in 1855 
to 80,023 ; in 1860 to 109,263 ; in 1865 to 178,539; 
and in 1870 to the round figures of 300,000, while 
the suburban population was supposed to raise it to 
350,000. 

The site of the city was admirably chosen, on 
ground t-loping up from the Lake, and with the 



EOUTE NO. \^.— WESTERN. 313 

Chicago River, dividing into two branches, running 
through the entire city, at once adding to commer- 
cial convenience and healthfulness. Numerous 
costly bridges and many tunnels made the con- 
nection across the rivers. The city was divided into 
20 wards, with nearly 800 streets. The river and 
the ship canals afforded many miles of excellent 
harbor, to which came vessels from all parts ol' the 
great lakes, with and for produce of every description- 
The grain warehouses were of such extent as to ac- 
commodate 8,000,000 to 10,000,000 bushels; while 
the yearly exportation had reached to about 60,000,000 
to 65,000,000 bushels. It had also a most extensive 
trade in cattle and stock, the whole yearly num- 
ber handled, reaching 2,500,000 ; besides provision, 
lumber, and transportation trade to immense 
amounts. Within the last year or two, on the com- 
pletion of the Pacific Railway, Chicago had com- 
menced to import her teas and silks direct from In- 
dia, and was arranging a heavy trade in that direc- 
tion. There were several of the largest and finest 
railway-depots on the Continent, to accommodate its 
immense connection as the very largest of the rail- 
way-centres. It had streets among the most ele- 
gant in the West, in Michigan, Wabash and other 
avenues : and many of the houses of residents were 
princely in their luxury. There were more than 
200 Churches; 12 or 15 of the largest and finest 
of Hotels, some of them marvels of size and cost ; an 
Opera-House and 5 Theatres of good class ; an Uni- 



214 SHORT-TBIP GJJIDE. 

veT'sitj; Medical Colleges; splendid public Piirka 
and Cemeteries ; and a wilderness of scielitific, 
social and beneyolent institntions, second to none 
in the "Western World. In addition to this, and v. 
featnre njieqnalled elsewhere — a Tnnnel liad been 
constructed to a Tower two miles distant in the 
Lak*', whence the water-supply of tbe cit^ was 
derived. 

Sucli, hastily sketched, was th.e position of Chi- 
cago on the 8th. of October, 1871. On tbe night of 
that day, a fire broke out at near the centre of 
the city, thongb in an older and wooden iiortion. 
A fierce wind made Tain ail efforts for stayino' th.e 
flames, which extended "on every side, and eyentu- 
ally acquired sucli force that buildings considered 
fire-iiroof could not resist the lieat five minutes 
when attacked. By the morning of the 10th the 
city was Hterally destroye-d — the whole central and 
business part of it entirely so. Some 10,000 build- 
ings were burned ; 500 to 1,000 persons are sap- 
posed to have lost their lives ; 50,000 to 75,000 per- 
sons were rendered houseless ; and the pecuniary 
loss was estimated to have reached $200,000,000. 
Chicago, the Queen of the West, was no m'.'-^'r — for 
ili£ ti7ne. 

A most gratifying spectacle of general benevo- 
lence, however, was exhibited, in Donnection with 
this great calamity, not only in all the cities of 
America, but in those of England and of all Europe ; 
and the extremity of suffering at once materiaDv 



ROUTE Is 0. 1^— WESTERN. 215 

relieved by contributions from all quarters, which 
not only smoothed the then painful present, but 
gave opportunity and hope for the future. Rebuild- 
in 2: was at once commenced, with marvellous 
energy ; and so rapidly has it continued, that within 
a year from the great catastrophe, more than two- 
thirds of the marks of the visitation were obliterated, 
public and private erections of more than the 
original splendor taking the places of those des- 
troyed, and the fact being made certain that within 
two years from the fatal 8th of October not a mark 
of thfj calamity would be visible, except in the 
absence of the trees and shrubbery impossible to be 
replaced within a limited period. 

It may even now be said, indeed, that Chicago, 
as a city, has entirely recovered from the shock 
temporarily prostrating it; so that, as a commercial 
and railroad centre, it supplies quite its previous 
charm to the visitor, wh^le an exceptional interest 
is found in the virtual death and marvellous resur- 
rection of the place of such varied fortunes. 

Among the objects of greatest interest in what 
the proud citizens call the "New Chicago," m.ay 
be named the large and beautiful 

Lincoln Parle, lying on the Lake Shore, north ol 
the city, with charming drives along the Lake, a 
Zoological Garden, a Lake, Foimtains, fine shade, 
iind all the attractions for the corso and the prome- 
nade ; 

Union Parle, in the West Division, older than 
Lincoln aod more complet-ely finished, with LflVf'F, 



216 SHORT- TRIP GUWtJ. 

Fountains, a Zoological collection, pagodas, a music- 
pavilion, and great popularity as a place of promen- 
ade and for the open-air concerts given every even- 
ing during the summer. There are also, of public 
grounds. Lake Park, only partially improved, but 
with a wonderful location, running down the Lake 
Shore, south of the city, to Hyde Park, and Hyde 
Park House^ favorite driving and bathing resort, 
at the southern extremity; the South andTfes^ Side 
Parks, one day to be very extensive and beautiful ; 
Deariorn, Jefferson^ and other minor parks ; and 
Dexter Trotting Park, in connection with the great 
Stock Yards, at the west of the city. Principal 
Cemeteries, Graceland, Rose Hill, Calvary and Oak- 
woods, and the old Catholic, on the Lake Shore, 
near Lincoln Park, with interesting marks of the 
Great Fire. Among other leading objects of Interest 
are the 

Great Stock Yards, lying at some distance west 
of the city, and among the most extensive and com- 
modious in the world, with Hotel, Bank, Telegraph- 
offices, and all other facilities (Dexter Park in con- 
nection); the 

Water Works, with their extensive and ingenious 
Lake connection, unparalleled on the continent; 
the many Bridges, and the costly Tunnels for their 
avoidance; the Chicago River, its port, and Lake 
shipping; the great 

Grain Warehouses and Elevators, capable of con- 
taining and handling more grain than those of any 
other city on the globe ; the very large and fine 



ROUTE NO. 1^— WESTERN. 216a 

Railway Depots, of the many and extensive roads 
finding their centres or termini here ; the Mc- 
Cormick Eeaper Factory, largest in the world (Bine 
Island and Western avenues) ; Bridge Building 
Works of the American Company (Egan avenue) : 
Union and other Foundries, Wagon Factories, &c. ; 
and many magnificent 

Mercantile Buildings, Banking Houses, &c., in 
which detail the rebuilt city far excels even its 
ambitious predecessor, and rivals all others. The 
most notable among the new structures is the 

Chamber of Commerce, corner of Washington and 
La Salle streets considpred one of the noblest and 
most complete buildings of its class in the world, 
and opened with great eclat in the fall of 1872. 

Of the Churches of Chicago, the most interesting 
were destroyed in the great conflagration, and very 
little has as yet been done in the way of rebuilding 
them, so that, though many respectable structures 
remain, -they scarcely command attention as a 
feature. 

Of Streets, the most typical and best worthy of 
observation, will be found Michigan and Wabash 
avenues, State, Dearborn, Clark, La Salle, and Wells 
streets, running parallel with the Lake Shore ; and 
Jackson, Adams, Monroe, Madison, Washington, 
Randolph and Lake streets, crossing them at right 
angles, and extending across the city from the Lake. 

Prominent Hotels (most of them built since the 
fire and finished with lavish cost and great complete- 
ness) : the Grand Pacific, Gardner, Potter Palmer, 



AikiH% JIt^hjf\ witlx A Gmmi Ojp^ra Him^ jji^ou 

[Amoi\sj the wid(?lT-extx^iideiil i-^iihvaT eomuv ;k ij> 
i>r OMc«*^\\ arv^ Uie tVlK^wmg of uu^t impv^rxAnee: 
Norihw^nl to Mi^¥nwh>y th'^tke^ to (?^iww Buify and 
beTond* to th«^ I*ake S\>j>erior siectiowsi^ by tht? CM- 
ea^ aud Noxnhwt^t^rtt r>i>ad and it$ eonneetions ; 
north wejitwaixl t\> J(»iii^vilk> Mai>ii^ox (eajntal of 
Wi^eonjuu), ihenc^ h> Pmitk i?w C*#V*j» and to St* 
Pavl and the FkufU <>fSi>Anfkm^. h\ the$an\e road 
and it:$ (txmneotions: we§iwaid to €lw?<rri?«?>»«?^^and 
l>^ Jiimm^ (I<>wa), by the Iowa dtTision of the $anie 
t\>ad ; $i>nth\Te$t\vaitl t\> Bi^rli^i^h^H (Io\ra)> and 
ihe Mi^^^Spjn Kixer, by the Chieag\>* Burlington 
and QnuK7 t\>Ad : $!onthwa3xl to St. LA>ri$. by the 
Ohiea§\> and Alton rv>ad: ^nthward t\> 0«n>(j|nnc^ 
tion of the Ohio and Mi$d$$ippi ri\er^)> and to St, 
Ijovt^bv the lUinoii^ i>ntrai road: westward tv> 
OmattM^ and thenee to Salt Lakk City J4ud Sax 
F)t5A:j^ct^i\>> by the Ohioagv> and Xor 3 invent em, 
Chioa|^> and Eook Mands and Chiea§\\ Burlington 
and Qttiuey routes; ssouthe^^twaJixl tK> CixcistxatIs 
by the C\>lun>bu§. C'hiea§K> and Indiana Central 
rw*d : ea$t\v?m\ t\> FHHjki>iiiJPHiA and Kkw Yoikjk 
by the Fitt$bur§* ]FVvri Wayue and Chioa^^ ivx^d^ — 
a$ al!^> by J\iMn\ Ck^'Hf^mi and the LaJo? Shor>? 
tv«d — a^ al$=o (with all Canadian eit^ anvl eonuee- 
titm*) by fk^mt and the Orand 'rruuk Railway of 
Canada^ Al^\ $teawer$ on th<$ L«k: >s !.^ alt irapor- 



ROUTE NO. U-WESTERN. 

CINCINNATI TO L0UI8VILLK (MAMMOTH GAVE), 
NASHVILLE, CAIRO, ST. LOUIS ANl> CHICAGO. 

Division A. 

CINCINNATI TO LOITISVILLE, NASHVrLLK AND fVr. 

LOUIS. 

Leave Cincinnati by Mio Louisville, Cincinnati 
and Lexington road (fronl Covington — opposite side 
of the river) ; by Walton, Sparta, Lexington Junc- 
tion [connection southward for Lux in uton and .I.s7/- 
land, old home c)!' Henry Olay, near it; and, by 
stage from Eminence, for Shelbyville] ; by Lagrange^ 
and Anchorage [connection with Shelby road], to 
Louisville. (Or, steamer down the Ohio from Cincin- 
nati, in the pleasant, season). 

Louisville, located on the Oiiio river, at the 
Falls and near the entrance of Bear-Grass Creek, is 
the largest and most important city of Kentucky. 
It is well located and shaded ; and the views of the 
Falls, from various points of the city, are much ad- 
mired. The most important trade of the city is in 
tobacco^ of which it is one (d* the central marts : 
also extensively in Hour, provisions, hemp, etc. The 
most interesting public buildings are the City Hall, 



218 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

Court House, Custom House (with Post-office), Uni- 
versity Medical College^ Masonic Temple, Blind 
Asylum, the Cathedral, St. PauVs Church, etc. 
Principal theatre : the Louisville. Leading Hotels : 
the Louisville, and National. Principal Cemetery : 
Cave Hill, with many monuments of merit. At the 
opposite side of the river is Jeffeksonvillb, In- 
diana [railway connection to Indianapolis]. 

[It is from Louisville that detour may be most 
conveniently made to visit the 

Mammoth Cave of Kentuchy, one of the most 
extensive subterranean passages in the world, and 
considered among the most interesting. Or, it may 
be taken on the way from Louisville to Nashville, as 
at present to be considered]. 

Leave Louisville by the Louisville and Kashville 
road, to Cave City, whence stage or carriage, 9 miles 
to the Gave (or, steamer from Louisville, on the 
G-reen River, to within 1 mile of the Cave — thence 
on foot). A Hotel, the Cave House, affords facilities 
for stoppage, during the exploration, which may be 
brief, but must, for any approach to thoroughness, 
require days of interest and toil, always accompanied 
by a guide, and with lights and means of relighting, 
without either of which it is not safe to enter. For 
particulars of the chambers, passages, and various 
parts of interest in this wonderful cave, which is 
believed to extend eight or nine miles back from the 
entrance, dependance may be made entirely upon 
the capable and instructed guides, procurable at the 



ROUTS NO. 14.— WEi:^TEBN. 219 

hotel or the entrance. Three other Cayes — the In- 
dian, Whitens, and Diamond, may be found in the 
vicinity : the two former with peculiarly handsome 
stalactite and stalagmite formations, miniatures of 
those in the great cave. 

From Gave City (after return from the Cave) con- 
tinue route by Louisville and Nashville road ; by 
Bowling Green; Memphis Junction [connection 
southwest for Memphis and the Mississippi river] • 
by Junction [connection northwest by Henderson 
road to Henderson, and Evansville (Ind.) ; to 

Nashville, Capital of the State of Tennessee, 
and one of the most important cities of the middle 
southwest. It lies on the Cumberland river, on ele- 
vated ground, much of the city lying nearly or quite 
100 feet above the water level, and being considered 
very healthy. The most prominent building, the 
State Gapitol, is considered one of the finest in the 
Union, having admirable legislative halls, splendid 
material of native marbles, a tower, State Library, 
etc. Other buildings of prominence are the Univer- 
sity, the City Hall, Lunatic Asylum, Penitentiary, 
etc. Theatres: the Nashville, and Duffield's. 
Prominent Hotels : the 8t. Cloud, and Stacey. 
Nashville has many handsome residences ; and the 
tone of its society is considered equal if not superior 
to that of any other city of the South. Very near it 
may be visited the Hermitage, old seat of Andrew 
Jackson. [Extensive railway connections; east to 
Knoxville J southea^ to Stevenson; southward, by 



220 8H0RT-TRIP GUIDE. 

N'ashville and Decatur and connecting roads, to 
Montgomery (Ala.), and thence to the Gulf Cities ; 
I) or rh ward, by Evans ville road, to Vincennes and 
Terre Haute; south westward to Memphis, by Nasli- 
-vnile and North Western road, and connections; 
northwestward to St. Louis, etc.] 

From Nashville, by North Western road, by Wav- 
erley ; Johnsonville ; McKenzie [connection south- 
westward, by Memphis and Louisville road, for 
Memphis, and for Little Rock (Arkansas)] ; by Pa- 
ducah Junction [connection north to Paducah ] ; to 

Union City, where connection is made with the 
Mobile and Ohio road. By that road to 

Golwyibus, on the Mississippi Eiver; with Bel- 
mont, Missouri, opposite, connecting the route just 
traversed with the St. Louis and Iron Mountain road 
to Bt. Louis. 

From Columbus the Mississippi may be ascended, 
by boat, to 

Cairo, modern town, very low-lying, on the point 
formed by the confluence of the Ohio and the Missis- 
sippi, with costly levee against inundations by the 
river, and much prominence as a steamboat port of 
the Mississippi, vessels from and to all ports stop- 
ping here to land and receive passengers and freight. 
Has some " noble buildings ; among the best, the 
Custom House. [Railway connection, from Cairo, or 
from Mound City, immediately above, with the Illi- 
nois Central Road, direct for Chicago. Or, steam- 
boat may be taken for St. Louis or any other point 



ROUTE NO. U.— WESTERN. 221 

on the Mississippi. Or, steamboat may be taken for 
Louisville or Cikoinnati]. 

For St. Louis, from Bird's Point (opposite Cairo) 
to Charleston ; where the St. Louis and Iron Moun- 
tain road is taken. By Glen Allen, Marquand. and 
other stations, to Bismarck (where pause should be 
made, if time allows, to visit, by a spur of the same 
road. Iron Mountain, Pilot Knoh and Ironton, with 
some of the most extraordinary developments of 
richness in iron mines, on the continent). Bis- 
marck, by Mineral Point [spur to Potosi~\ and other 
stations, to St. Louis. 

Division B. 

AT ST. LOUIS; AND BY TWO ROUTES TO CHICAGO. 

St. Louis, Missouri, is one of the largest and most 
important cities of the "West, focus of mercantile 
supply for a wide extent of country, virtual Queen 
of the Mississippi, and often spoken of as the point 
for removal of the !N"ational Capital. It lies on the 
west bank of the Mississippi river, at what is sup- 
posed to be about half-way between St. Paul, at the 
head of navigation on the Mississippi, and New 
Orleans, at the mouth of that noble river. It occupies 
elevated ground, though uneven ; has a very long ex- 
tent on the river, and an imposing appearance from 
it. It has wide streets, with good shade; handsome 
parks; substantial residences ; and one feature com- 
manding unmixed admiration, in the Levee at which 



223 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

the most immense number of steamboats can 
at any time be seen lying, loading, discharging, 
arriving and departing, observable at any one spot 
on the globe. Front Street, along the Levee, is one 
of the finest of mercantile and warehouse streets in 
the Union ; while Washington and Grand Avenues. 
and Fourth Street, are among the most fashionable 
thoroughfares. 

St Louis is singularly rich in Parks ; the most 
notable being Lafayette, Hyde, Laclede and Gravois 
Paries, in the outskirts; Washington and Missouri, 
and smaller squares; with Tower Grove only par- 
tially completed, to contain more than 3,000 acres 
and rival the Fairmount at Philadelphia. The Fair 
Grounds are also very beautiful and perfect, as well 
as popular, with an Amphitheatre for spectators, esti- 
mated to accommodate 80,000 to 90,000 persons ; and 
Shavfs Gardens (botanical) are the very finest on 
the continent. The Principal Cemeteries are the 
Bellefontai7ie and the Calvary. 

Among the Buildings best deserving attention, 
are the Custom House, Third street ; the Court 
House, Fourth street; Temple of Justice, Olnrk 
avenue; Arsenal; Merchants' Exchange, Main 
street ; Masonic Hall, Market street ; and some of 
the innumerable Hospitals, Asylums, Educational 
Institutions, and Roman Catholic Convents. Among 
Churches, the Catholic Cathedral, Walnut street, 
takes the lead; followed by 8t. George's, (Epis.) 
Locust street; First Presbyterian, Fourteenth 



ROUTE NO. U.— WESTERN. 223 

street; Church of the Messiah, (Unitarian) Oliver 
street, etc. Theatres : De Bar's Opera House, Olym- 
vie and Varieties. Prominent Hotels : the Plan- 
ters\ Southern, Laclede, Everett, etc. 

Two other Objects of Interest at St. Louis demand 
special notice : the Steel Bridge, now building and 
soon to be completed across the Mississippi, from 
Washington Avenue to the Illinois shore, for rail- 
road and genera] use, and undoubtedly destined to 
be one of the world's master-works in bridge -erection ; 
and the City Water Works, not long completed, 
with tower, and elaborate machinery for straining 
and purifying the river-water, believed to be among 
the best in use. 

[The transit connections of St. Louis, by railway 
and steamboat, are among the most extensive on the 
continent. By rail, east to Indianapolis by the St. 
Louis and Terre Haute road, and to Cincimiati and 
eastward by the Ohio and Mississippi road; south- 
eastward to Tennessee Cities by the route just trav- 
ersed ; south to ]Vew Orleans and the gulf by the 
Mobile and Ohio road: west to Jefferson City, 
to Topeha, and other towns of Kansas, by the Pacific 
and Missouri road; northwestward to St. Joseph, 
Omaha and the Pacific Eailroad for Salt LaJce City 
and San Francisco, by the same and St. Joseph 
roads ; north to Chicago and the Lakes and Canada, 
by the Illinois Central and Alton roads. In addi- 
tion, steamboat communication to all navigable points 
on the Mississippi, the Missouri and Ohio rivers.] 



224 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

Leave St. Louis by Chicago, Alton and St. Louis 
road; by Alton", loftily located at just above the 
junction of the Missouri and Mississippi Rivers, 
with grand and notable scenery at that point, and 
much general charm in situation [connection east- 
ward to IndianapolU by the Indianapolis and St. 
Louis road] ; to 

Springfield, capital of the State of Illinois, 
a thriving and handsome town standing on the 
margin of a wide and fine prairie. It has a very 
handsome Capitol, State Ar$enal, Court House, Cus- 
tom House, etc. ; extensive Water Works on the San- 
gamon Eiver ; and will always enjoy an additional 
celebrity as the residence and burial place of Air a 
ham Lincoln, a noble Monument to whom marks his 
tomb in Ridge Cemetery. Hotel : the Leland House, 
[Connection westward to Quincy, and eastward to 
Logansport and Fort Wayne, by the Toledo, Wabash 
and Western road.] 

Springfield to Bloomin'GTON, capital of McLean 
county, and a large town of much commerce and 
many manufactures, besides having the great engine- 
shops of the Chicago and Alton Company. [Con- 
nection south westward to Jachsonville ; west to 
Pekin ; southeast to Champaign and the Illinois 
Central road.] To Chenoa [connection west to 
Peoria ; Qdb^i to Warsaw Si,nd Logansport]. By other 
stations to JOLIET, large and thriving town on the 
Des Moines river, with State Penitentiary of noble 
construction, immense fine building-stone quarries 



ROUTE NO. U— WESTERN. 2.J5 

near, valuable water-power, and extensive trade and 
manufactures. [Connection west to Roch Island^ 
by the Chicago, Eock Island and Pacific road.] 
Joliet to Chicago. 



Or, leave St. Louis by the Illinois Central road 
(St. Louis and Chicago Through Line), to East St. 
Louis; thence to Greenville, Vai^dalia (see Divi- 
sion F., Route 12, pp. 205 A and B) ; Effingham, 
Mattoon, Tolono, Ghampaign, Gilman, Galumet, etc., 
across one of the richest ranges of the great prairie 
lands of Illinois, to 

Chicago. 

(For notes on Chicago, see Route Ko. 13, Division 

c.) 



ROUTE NO. 15 -NORTHERN AND WESTERN, 
(SEMI-SKELETON.) 

BUFFALO TO 0LEVELA:N"D AND CHICAGO, BY LAKJ- 
SHORE ROAD. 

Leave Buffalo by Lake Shore road ; to Dunkirk, 
on Lake Erie, terminus of lower branch of the Erie 
road [connection eastward to Salamanca, for the 
Oil Regions.] Dunkirk to 

Erie, (Pa.), on the shore of Lake Erie, with fine 
harbor (a U. S. Naval Station) ; Court House and 
other good buildings; extensive iron rolling-mills, 
and the connection of the Erie -Extension Canal 
with the Ohio Elver and Beaver Oanal. Hotel : the 
Reid House. [Connection southeast to Corry and 
the Oil Regions]. By Oirard [connection south- 
ward to Pittsburg] ; and Painesville. to 

Olbvelaitd, .(Ohio) on Lake Erie, with harbor 
at mouth of Cuyahoga River, heavy lake shipping 
trade, much prosperity in business aspects ; and so 
pronounced a shaded beauty, especially in the fine 
elms lining its wide streets, that it bears the name of 
the "Forest City." It has a Medical College: a 
Marine Hospital; several handsome Churches; a 
splendid Union Railway Depots of great size ; Monu- 
mental Park (with Monument to Commodore Perry) ; 
Woodlawn Cemetery; noble Water Works; and 
many other attractions. [Connections southeast to 



ROUTE NO. 1^.— NORTHERN AND WESTERN. 227 

Pittsburg and Wlieeling ; south to Coshocton and 
Zanesville; southwest to Columbus ^ Cincinnati^ etc.] 

From Cleveland, by Oherlin (seat of the celebrated 
" Oberlin College," which admits blacks as well as 
whites) ; by Monroeville [connection northward to 
Sandusky] ; by Clyde [connection south to Cii^^ciK- 
NATi] ; Fremont, etc., to 

Toledo, on the Maumee Eiver, near Lake Erie, 
with considerable lake trade (principally in grain), 
much domestic commerce, many handsome build- 
ings, rapid progress, great educational facilities, and 
an almost matchless location as a railway centre. 
Hotels: Oliver House, Island House, American, 
and St. Charles. [Conections : southeast to Clyde 
and (opening) to Wheeling; South to Lima, Dayton 
and CiN'CiifN'ATi ; southwest to Logansport, Spring- 
^eld (111), the Mississippi river, and St. Louis; 
northward to Detroit and the Canadian lines ; etc.] 

From Toledo, by the Michigan Southern and 
Northern Indiana road; by Adeien^ (Michigan), 
with water-power ; some manufactures ; repair-shops 
of the railroad- division; a handsome Soldiers' Mon- 
ument, and many attractions as a residence. Hotel : 
the Lawrence House. By Hillsdale; Jonesville 
[connection south to Fort Way^ie] ; Sturgis [con- 
nection north to Grand Haven and south to Fort 
Wayne'] ; White Pigeon [connection north to Kala- 
mazoo] ; Elkhart [junction with Air-Line of same 
road, to Toledo] ; South Bend and Laporte ; to 

Chicago. (For notes on Chicago, and connec- 
tions, see previous route, No. 13.) 



ROUTE NO. 16 -NORTHERN iSEMJ-SKELETON). 

iTEW YORK OR PHILADELPHIA TO THE LACKA- 
WANNA COAL REGIONS, AND THE OIL CREEK 
OIL REGIONS. 

New York, by the ISTew Jersey Central road to 
Hampton Junction (see Route No. 13) ; to 

Manunhachunh (New Jersey). 

Or by the Delaware, Lackawanna and Western 
road — Morris and Essex Division from New York: 
from foot Barclay Street to Hoboken; thence by 
rail, by Orange [connection to Newark] ; by Madi- 
sony location of Drew Theological Seminary; by 
MORRISTOWN, thriving town of New Jersey, and 
capital of Morris County, on the Whippany Creek, 
with handsome residences, a *' Washington's Head 
Quarters" and other Revolutionary remains; by 
Boonton, Eockaway smd. Dover, all towns in the iron- 
region, with extensive iron mills and foundries; by 
Chester, Drakesville, Stanhope [connection by stage 
or boat to Lake Hopatcong and to Budd^s Lake] ; 
by Waterloo [connection north to Newton, by Sussex 
road] ; by HacTcettstown, handsome town of Warren 
County, with flouring mills and a Methodist Epis- 
copal Seminary of eminence [connection by stage to 
Schooley^s Mountain (see Excursions from New 
York) ] ; to Washington. At Washington connect 



. BOUTE NO. IQ.—HOBTHEBN. 229 

with the Delaware, Lackawanna and Western road, 
and by that road to Manunhachunh. 

Or, from Philadelphia, by the Northern Pennsyl- 
vania road, or the Belvidere Delaware road, to 
Easton ; thence to Manunkachunh. 

Manunkachunk to the Delaware Water- Gap (see 
Excursions from New York). Water- G-ap to 
Stroudsburg, (Pa.), and by several minor stations 
to 

ScRAKTOK (Pa.), important heavy-manufacturing 
town, and great centre of the coal operations of the 
Lackawanna district. In brief excursions fiom 
Scranton, locally directed, may be observed all the 
details of mining and transportation, of the immense 
coal trade and the iron trade accompanying. [Con- 
nections southwest to Pitiston and WilJcesdarre ; 
north to Great Bend and the Erie road ; east to 
Carbondale, Honesdale, etc]. Scranton to 

Pittston, another important coal centre. Pitts- 
ton, by Rupert [connection southward with the 
wildly-grand Catawissa road, for Beading, etc.] ; by 
Milton and other stations, to 

WiLLiAMSPORT, capital of Lycoming County, on 
the Susquehanna river, with much industry and 
miscellaneous business, and the most extensive 
lumber trade of any town in America. Among the 
curiosities of the place, is the Great Timber Boom 
in the Susquehanna, capable of holding millions of 
logs at a time ; the many saw-mills and other lum- 
ber works. There are also extensive Black Marble 



230 SHORT- TMIP GUIDE, 

Quarries in tlie neighborhood. Hotels : the Herdic, 
City, and American, 

Prom Williamsport by the Philadelphia and Erie 
road; by 

Lock Havei^, another great lumber centre, also 
with immense Timber-Boom., saw-mills, etc., and 
fine scenery in the neighborhood. Hotels : the Ful- 
ton, Irving, and Montour. Lock Haven, by Henovo, 
Emporium, Wilcox and other stations ; to 

Irvineton, whence should be taken the Oil Creek 
and Alleghany road, to Tidioute, Oleopolis, PitJiole, 
Oil Oity^ Titusville, or any of those great oil centres, 
from which short excursions, locally directed, can 
be made with most profit and satisfaction. Thence 
to Corey, for Salamanca and the Erie road, going 
east ; or for Erie and the Lake Shore road, for the 
north or West. 



ROUTE NO. 17 -CANADIAN AND WESTERN. 

N-IAGARA FALLS, BY HAMILTOiT Al^D LOl^DOK TO 

DBTEOIT AND CHICAGO, BY GREAT WESTERN 

AND MICHIGAN RAILWAYS. 

Leave Niagara Falls (Suspension Bridge), by rail 
on the Great Western road of Canada ; by Thorold 
(crossing of the Welland Canal around the Falls 
of Niagara), to 

St. Catharine^ s, pleasant small town, favorite as 
a residence, and with Mineral Springs of much cele- 
brity. Thence by Grimsby, lying near the shore of 
Lake Ontario, to 

Hamilton, on Burlington Bay, at the extreme 
western end of the Lake, with very handsome coast- 
scenery in the neighborhood ; a magnificent harbor, 
with heavy lake trade and fine fishing ; and the 
town itself very prettily laid out, with elegant resi- 
dences and other buildings, well shaded and attrac- 
tive. Very fine views are to be obtained from the 
Mountain, where also stands Dundrum Castle, 
erected by Sir Allan McNab, when Governor-Gen- 
eral; and there are many favorite resorts in the 
neighborhood, among others the Beach, Oaklands, 
Flarriborough Heights, etc. Prominent Hotels : the 
Anglo-American and City. [Connection eastward 
{Hamilton Junction) with the Grand Trunk Rail- 



233 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

way for Toronto and all the Eastern Canadian cities ; 
also, by boat on the Lake, for Toronto and the same]. 
Hamilton to Dui>I"DAS, with many manufactures and 
much fine scenery at and near the Desjardines 
Canal, here commencing; to Harrisburg [connec 
tion northward to Berliiij Quelphf and the Grand 
Trunk road J ; to 

Paris, a thriving town, with Important water- 
power and manufactures, at the junction of the 
Grand and Nith rivers, with mineral springs and a 
petrifying spring in the neighborhood [connection 
northwestward to Goderich and Lake Huron, and 
southeastward to Du?imUe and Buffalo, by Gode- 
rich and Grand Trunk road]. Paris to 

LoifDOiT, considered the metropolis of South 
Western Canada — with handsome location, streets 
well laid out and shaded, costly buildings, and all 
the attractions for residence. [Connection north- 
ward to St. Mary's and the Grand Trunk road; 
southward to Port Stanley, on Lake Erie, with boat 
connection to Buffalo]. London, by Komoha 
[connection westward to PetroUa (oil-centre), and 
Port Sarnia, at the entrance of the St. Olair river 
into Lake Huron] ; and by Glencoe ; to 

Bothwell, principal town of the Canadian oil- 
regions, in the neighborhood of which those who 
have not visited the Pennsylvania oil-sections, may 
derive a very good idea of the petroleum wells and 
processes. 

Bothwell to Chatham^ with the distinction of very 



ROUTENO.n.— CANADIAN AND WESTERN. 333 

large percentage of negro population. [Connection 
with Detroit, by steamers down the Thames river 
and across Lake St. Clair to Detroit river]. Chatham 
by unimportant stations to 

Windsor, very old town on the eastern side of the 
Detroit river, with many French peculiarities and 
but moderate prosperity. From Windsor, ferry, car- 
rying over cars on boats, to 

Detroit, Michigan, lying on the west bank of 
the Detroit river, strait connecting Lake St. Clair 
with Lake Erie. This is the largest city of the State j 
one of the oldest in any of the Western States, and 
one of the most wealthy and influential of all. The 
city front extends along the river at great length, 
with most of the location elevated, and the streets 
well shaded and broken up into many small parks 
and public grounds. The most important of the lat- 
ter is the Grand Circus, park and promenade, from 
which radiate many of the finest avenues ; among 
others, Woodward, Jefferson, etc. There is also a 
large Plaza, called the Campus Martius, around 
which are grouped many of the finest buildings in 
the city. Without the town, the favorite public re- 
sorts are Fort Wayne, on the river, three miles from 
the city; Belle He, Grosse Pointe and Grosse Ite^ 
more distant. The principal Cemeteries are Elm- 
wood and Woodlawn. 

Among the prominent buildings in the city, are 
the Michigan Central Freight Depot, of immense 
size and costly construction, with the great Loco- 



234 JSRORT- TRIP G VIBE. 

motive Round House and Grain Elevator, near it ; 
the Custom House (with Post Office) ; the Opera 
House; the Board of Trade Building, etc. The 
most notable churches are -St. PauVs (Epis.), with 
the peculiarity of a roof without columns ; Christ, 
St. John^s and Grace (all Epis.) ; Fort Street Pres- 
byterian; (7m^m/ (Meth.-Epis.) ; St. Peter and St. 
Paul (Oath.); St. Anne's (Oath.), with very fine 
choir; etc. Detroit has also elaborate Water-works; 
large manufacturing and lake-shipping interests, 
in grain and provisions, etc. Theatre: the Opera 
House, Prominent Hotels: The Russell, Biddle, 
and Michigan- Exchange. 

From Detroit may be visited, north, Lake St. 
Clair, with many attractive features in scenery ; and 
southward, the Put-in-Bay Islands, below the mouth 
of the Detroit river, in Lake Erie, near which occur- 
red Commodore Perry's victory in 1813 ; now famous 
as bathing and fishing resort, etc. [Boat from De- 
troit to Kelly's Island, largest of the group, every day 
during warm season.] 

[Railway connection from Detroit : north to Port 
Huron, foot of Lake Huron : northwest to Saginaw, 
Wenona, etc. ; west to Kalamazoo, etc. ; east by route 
just traversed, and by Toledo and Lake Shore road ; 
west to Chicago, etc., as see route to be pursued. In 
addition, it has steamboat communication on Lake 
Brie to Buffalo and other ports ; and to all ports 
on Lake Huron and Michigan.] 

Leave Detroit by Michigan Central road, by Yp- 



ROUTENO.ll.— CANADIAN AND WESTEUN. 235 

silantiy pleasant small town of Micliigan, seat of the 
State Normal School ; thence (along the Huron 
River), to 

AiiTK Arboe, handsome large town, on elevated 
plateau, with fine shade and many handsome build- 
ings; and seat of the University of Michigan, an 
institution of wide influence, with varied courses, a 
fine Observatory, etc. Hotel: the Gregory House. 
By Dexter and Chelsea to 

Jacksok, large and thriving town, with many 
manufactures, an important coal-trade from mines 
in the immediate neighborhood, and seat of the 
Michigan State Prison. [Connections, northward 
to La:n"SIKG (capital of the State) ; southward to 
Adrian and Toledo, etc.] From Lansing, by Parma, 
on the Kalamazoo river; by Albion (seat of Albion 
College, of the Meth. Epis. Church); by Marshall 
(large paper manufactories, and railway repair- 
shops) ; to Battle Creek, manufac|;uring town, 
especially with extensive flour-mills [connections 
north to Lansikg, and south to South Bend, etc.] ; 
to 

Kalamazoo, largest town in the State, after De- 
troit. It is a thriving manufacturing and commer- 
cial town, with much shaded leauty and many 
handsome residences; and the seat of a Baptist 
College and the State Insane Asylum. Hotels : the 
KalaTnazoo and Burdich. [Connections : northwest 
to Grand Haven and Lake Michigan ; also to Grand 
Rapids ; southeastward to Fort Wayne, etc.] From 



236 . SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

Kalamazoo, by Lawton (with extensive iron works) ; 
Niles, small town of commercial and industrial im- 
portance on the St. Joseph Riyer; New Buffalo and 
Michigan City (both modern towns, on the immedi- 
ate shore of Lake Michigan) ; to 
Chicago. 



I 



ROUTE NO. 18-NORTH'WESTERN iSEMI-SKELE- 

TON.) 

CHICAGO TO ST. PAUL (mINN.) AND FALLS OF ST. 

ANTHONY; WITH OPTIONAL BETUEN DOWN 

THE MISSISSIPPI OR BY LAKE SUPERIOE. 

Leave Chicago by the Milwaukie Pivision of the 
Chicago and Northwestern road; by WauJcegan ; 
Kenosha [connection west to Genoa, Rochford- 
etc.] ; Eacine [connection west to Elhliorn and 
Freeport ; to Milwaukie. (Or, by daily steamer 
on the Lake, direct from Chicago to Milwaukie.) 

Milwaukie, commercial capital of the State of 
Wisconsin, one of the largest cities of the northwest, 
considered very handsome and attractive as a resi- 
dence, and so healthful in reputation, as to have 
originated the jest that " people are obliged to go 
away from Milwaukie. when they wish to die !'* Ho- 
tels: the PlanMnton, Walher, smd Wewhall. [Connec- 
tions, northwest to Horicon, Portage City, etc.; 
southwest to Milton, Janesville, etc.] 

Leave Milwaukie by the Milwaukie and St Paul 
road ; by Watertown [connection north to Horicon ; 
northwest to Portage City, etc. ] ; to 

Madison, capital of the State, and a very thriving 
and handsome town, with the Capitol, University of 
Wisconsin, many other local attractions, and the 



338 8H0BT-TRIP GUIDE. 

notably-beautiful Four Lakes in the immediate 
neighborhood. [Connections southeast to Chicago, 
by the Chicago and North-western road ; and to 
Plymouth, Beloit, etc., by the Madison division of 
the same road]. Madison, by many minor stations, 
to 

Peairie du Chiek, important town on the Mis- 
sissippi river, with a considerable river-trade, many 
steamboats making stoppage, and prairies in the 
neighborhood, as the name indicates. By ferry 
to 

McGregor, small town on the opposite side of the 
river ; where the route by rail is continued. By 
Golmar [connection westward to CliarUs Gity and 
the Missouri river] ; to Austin [connection south- 
ward by the Burlington and Cedar Rapids road, to 
Gedar Rapids^ Burlington, and the Mississippi] ; to 
Ramsey [connection west with Southern Minnesota 
road] ; to Gwatona [connection west for Manhato, 
St Peter, etc.] ; by St, Paul and Mendota Junctions 
[connection southwest to Manlcato,^ etc. ; by Minne- 
haha and Minneapolis ; to 

St. Paul, capital of Minnesota, and the largest 
town in the State ; on the Mississippi river, at the 
virtual head of navigation ; with State Gapitol ; State 
Reform School ; St. Joseph's Academy (Catholic) ; a 
Bridge of great length, over the Mississippi ; Carver's 
Gave and Fountain Gave in the immediate vicinity, 
etc. Theatre: the Opera House. Leading Hotel: 
the Merchants'. [Connections: north to Duluth, 



ROUTE NO. 1^.— NORTH -WESTERN. 239 

on Lake Superior ; northwest to 8t. Cloud ; west to 
Brechenridge; southwest to St Peter and Manhato; 
southeast to Milwaulcie and Chicago, by route just 
traversed; also southeast to Red Wing, and Lake 
Pepin. Also by steamer to all Mississippi ports, 
St. Louis and New Orleaks.] It is from St. Paul 
that visit will be paid (short ride by carriage, by 
Fort SnelUng) to the 

Falls of Minnehaha, very beautiful small fall of the 
Minnesota river, made famous by Longfellow in the 
poem of the same name, with the Indian derivation, 
"Laughing "Water." Also will be visited, by rail 
from St. Paul, the 

Falls of St. Anthony, and town of the same name, 
St. AiiJ^THOiirT, a few miles above. The town is a 
thriving one, at the actual head of navigation of the 
Mississippi, with State University, and connection 
by bridge with Minneapolis, The Falls, though 
with very mean surroundings, are grand, especially 
in the feature of Rapids, and show to best advan- 
tage by moonlight. 

From St. Paul descent of the Mississippi may be 
made, by steamboat, by Red Wing (Minn.) ; La 
Crosse (Wis.) ; Prairie du Chien (Wis.) ; Dubuque 
(Iowa) ; Oalena (111.), centre of the lead trade ; Dav- 
enport (Iowa) ; Roch Island (111.) ; Burlington 
(Iowa); Nauvoo (111.), original seat of the Mor- 
mons; Keohuk (Iowa); Hannibal (Mo.); Alton 
(111.), and many other interesting river ports, with 
stoppages, to St. Louis for the South or return east- 
ward. 



240 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

Or, northern route may be taken, leaving St. 
Paul by the Lake Superior and Mississippi road, 
to 

DuLUTH, new but important town at the extreme 
southwest point of Lake Superior, with good harbor, 
heavy lake trade and rapidly increasing prosperity, 
Hotel : the GlarJc House. At Duluth, steamer to be 
taken (depending on local direction for the most 
reliable particulars) on Lake Superior, to the Onto- 
nagon Copper Region, on the south shore of that 
Lake ; thence to the Marquette Iron Region, on 
the same shore ; thence to the Pictured Rocks, also 
on the same shore. Thence route may be continued, 
through the Sault St. Marie (Strait) into Lake 
Huron, and to Bay City for rail to Detroit ; or to 
Detroit by boat direct ; or to Goderich, for return 
by rail through Canada ; or through the St. Clair 
River and Lake, and the Detroit river, to Lake Erie, 
for Toledo, Cleveland, Erie, or Buffalo, on that 
Lake. 



ROUTE NO. 19 -CANADIAN. 

N^IAGABA FALLS TO TOROl^^TO, OTTAWA, MONTREAL, 
QUEBEC, AND THE SAGUEIsrAT RIVER; BY 
GEAND TRUNK RAILWAY, AND BOAT- 
CONNECTIONS. 

Division A 

NIAGARA FALLS TO TORONTO AND OTTAWA. 

Leave Niagara Falls (Suspension Bridge) by Great 
Western Eailway, by Tliorold, to St. Catharine^s (see 
Route No. 17) ; and to 

Hamilton (also see Route No 17.) 

From Hamilton, continuing by Toronto branch of 
Great Western Railway, at near the upper coast of 
Lake Ontario, by Oahville and other stations, to 

Toronto, most populous city of the Western prov- 
ince (Ontario), and one of the handsomest in Am- 
erica, though excelled in size by many. It lies on 
the Northern shore of Lake Ontario; is well laid out 
and finely shaded ; and has one thoroughfare, Yonge 
Street, actually extending northward as an unbroken 
drive, the whole distance to the foot of Lake Simcoe, 
some 35 miles. Among the prominent buildings is 
the University of Toronto, a noble structure with 
lofty tower, and fine park surrounding. Scarcely 
second is Osgoode Hall, the law-court building, wifh 



242 SHORT-TRIP aUIDB. 

the distinction of not only being one of the most 
tasteful in the world for legal purposes, outside, but 
one of the most completely and tastefully arranged, 
within. There are also tbe ExchaMge^ Provincial 
Lunatic Asylutn, Trinity Gollege, Normal School, 
etc., all worthy of visit. Of the many Churches, 
three have especial prominence: the Cathedral of St. 
James (Epis.) ; tiiat of St. Michael (Catholic) ; and the 
(new) Wesleyan Church. Prominent Hotels: the 
Rossin House, and the Queeii's. Those who have 
abundant leisure, should make the drive before 
spoken of, to Lahe Simcoe, with wild beauty; those 
with less time will find drives through some of the 
main avenues, and along the shore of the Lake, 
amply repaying them. 

[Connections by rail, north to Lake Simcoe ; west 
to Guelph, Berlin, and other towns on the Grand 
Trunk road. Also, by boat with Niagara Falls, by 
Lewiston and rail along the Niagara River. Also, 
by daily boat along Lake Ontario and down the St. 
Lawrence River to Moi^treal. Also, to ports on 
the New York side of the Lake.] 

From Toronto by the Grand Trunk Railway ; by 
Frenchman's Bay, BowmanviUe and other stations, 
to 

Port Hope, pleasant little town, on the Lake, with 
hill suburbs and some lake-trade. [Connection 
northwestward to Beaverton, on Lake Simcoe ; and 
with Lake ports, by boat.] Port Hope to 

Cohourg, important station as well as handsome 



ROUTE NO. n.— CANADIAN. 243 

town, with fair trade, a pleasant residence, and the 
seat of Victoria College (Wesleyan). [Connection 
northward to Peterboro and Eice and Salmon Trout 
Lakes.] Oobourg, by CoTborne (not to be con- 
founded with " Port Oolbourn," on the Great Western 
road) ; by Trenton (on the little river Trent) ; by 
Belleville, pleasant small town on Moira river (actual 
inlet from the Lake) ; by Napanee, Collins* Bay and 
other stations; to 

KiiTGSTOK, very old town at the entrance of the 
St. Lawrence river, and once capital of Canada; 
with very heavy fortifications, in Fort Henry and 
several other works; seat of Queen^s College Uni- 
versity, the Regiopolis GatTiolic College, Provincial 
Penitentiary. Hotel : the British American. Cape 
Vincent, on the New York shore, lies opposite. 
[Steamer connection from Kingston up the Lake to 
Toronto, down the Lake to Montreal and other 
ports. Also, by Eideau Canal, with Ottawa. From 
Cape Vincent, by rail to Watertown, and thence to 
Rome and other points on the New York Central 
road.] 

From Kingston, by Oananoque and Mallory 
Town, to Beockville, a town of pleasant location 
and some commercial importance, on the St. Law- 
rence river [connection northward to Carleton Place 
Arnprior, etc.; and from Carleton Place, by Canada 
Central road, to Ottawa]. Brock ville to 

Prescott (Junction), small town, principally of 
transit importance, also on the St. Lawrence. fCon- 



244 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

aections, north to Ottawa, as see route to be pur- 
sued ; east direct to Montreal, continuing by Grand 
Trunk road ; across the river to Ogdenslurg, on the 
New York side, whence connection south to the 
New York Central road and towns on that line, by 
the Rome, Watertown and Ogdensburg road, for 
southward ; or eastward by Ogdensburg and Oham- 
plain road to Rouse^s Point, Lake Ohamplain and 
St. Albans for all Eastern States], 

From Prescott, by St. Lawrence and Ottawa road, 
through a region comparatively unbroken, but with 
many features of beauty in natural scenery, to 

Ottawa, Capital of the Dominion of Canada. It 
lies on the Ottawa river, and on the Rideau Canal, 
running to Lake Ontario at Kingston. The scenery 
in the district is somewhat wild and untamed, but 
very picturesque ; and in the immediate neighbor- 
hood may be witnessed some of the most extensive 
operations in the rafting and sawing of lumber and 
timber, on the whole range of the continent. The 
Chaudiere Great Falls (of the Ottawa) lie within 
the city proper, at the west, are some 200 feet in 
width by 40 in depth, and have many features of 
grandeur ; while the Little Falls, handsomer though 
smaller, lie at the east. The Rideau Falls, at the 
northeast, and the Remoux and De Gheyne Rapids, 
some miles above, are all worthy of visit ' and 
notice. 

The feature of Ottawa is of course to be found in 
the Parliament Houses and government buildings 



ROUTE wo. 1^.— CANADIAN. 245 

connected. They are of native stone, lately 
erected, at great cost, and truly magnificent in 
size, design and arrangement — promising, when 
fully completed, with their grounds, to be worthy 
of the Dominion and command great admiration. 
The respective Chamlers of the Senate and House 
of Commons ar6 of the same size as those at West- 
minster Palace, and quite as liandsomely finished; 
and there is an immense Library, not yet finished, 
to be rapable of accommndntiiig half a million vol- 
umes. They stand at the height of an elevation 
known as " Barrack Hill," forming the apex of the 
higher ground on which the Upper Town is built, 
being divided from the Lower Town by the Eideau 
Canal and its handsome stone bridge. The Queen's 
Printing House, near the Parliament Houses, the 
Catholic Cathedral, and other prominent buildings, 
demand attention. Leading Hotel: the Russell 
House. [Connection west to Carleton Place and the 
Brockville road ; and to Prescott, Ogdenshurg, etc., 
by the route just traversed. Direct railway along 
the Ottawa river, to Montreal, in course of con- 
struction]. 

Division B. 

OTTAWA TO AND AT MONTREAL. 

Leave Ottawa by morning boat on the Ottawa 
river ; with fine view, soon after leaving, of the 
Rideau Falls, on the right ; and not long afterwards, 
the entrance of the Oatineau River, tributary of 



346 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

the Ottawa, into that river, the largest on the Conti- 
nent, after the Mississippi and the St. Lawrence, and 
very picturesque throughout, though with a beauty 
untamed. Various minor landings are made, before 
reachicg 

L'Origiis"AL ; at which point, if time allows, the 
tourist should lie over for one day, to visit the 

Caledonia Springs^ nine miles distant, the heal- 
ing qualities of which have made them very cele- 
brated, with capacious hotel, and the presence, in 
summer, of a very large number of the best known 
people of fashion and condition, in the Dominion. 
Return to L' Original. 

From L'Original, whether with or without hav- 
ing visited the Springs - the course is pursued by 
boat, down the Ottawa, to 

(xREiTViLLE (with Haioheshury opposite, with large 
saw mills) where the boat is left and a land ride of 
twelve miles taken (the Long 8ault Rapids making 
navigation impossible) ; to 

Carillon, at the lower end of the rapids, where 
another boat of th3 line is taken. It is worthy of 
remark that from Ottawa to this point, the middle 
of the river has been the dividing line between the 
two provinces of Ontario (west) and Quebec (east) ; 
but that here the line leaves the river, striking 
southward to the St. Lawrence, and the course is 
taken entirely in that of Quebec. 

Among the next prominent objects of interest fol- 
lowing, is the Mountain of Rigaud^ looming high 



ROUTE NO. n.— CANADIAN. 247 

on the southern bank, above the rough and wooded 
shores. Several minor landings are made on this 
portion of the river, after leaving which it expands 
into the 

Lake of the Two Mountains., with the two monn- 
tams giving its name, rising on either side, one of 
them. Calvary, being held sacred by the Indians. 
Not long after, is reached 

St. A]S"He's, rendered so celebrated by Moore, in 
the ^' Canadian Boat Song." At this point Mont 
Roy ale, the height above Montreal, comes into view. 
The boat is taken through locks, at St. Anne's, to 
avoid the rapids, coming out into the 

Lalce St, Louis, in which the Ottawa for the 
first time joins the St. Lawrence. Landing from the 
boat is made at 

Lachine, where cans of the Grand Trunk Rail- 
Way are taken to 

Montreal, the largest and most prosperous city 
of the British Possessions in North America ; Me- 
tropolitan See of the English Church in Canada, 
and seat of a Catholic Bishopric. It lies on rapidly 
rising ground, on the island of the same name, with 
the St. Lawrence immediately in front. Back River 
forming the sound behind it; and the mountain 
which gives it name, Mount Royal, also rising 
grandly at the back. There are few and unimpor- 
tant fortifications, (St. Helen's Island being the 
principal); but the town has usually been garri- 
soned, being considered the military key of the 



248 8H0BT-TE1P GUIDE. 

Dominion. The population of Montreal is won- 
drously mixed, there being many streets, in the higher 
and newer parts of the town, in which the English 
and Scotch elements entirely predominate, with 
many of the features of an English city ; while in 
the older and lower parts of the town, many of the 
streets are still called "Rues," and the prevailing 
architecture, language and manner are all French* 
of not too refined an order. There are now fine 
quays along the river; costly and elegant residences 
have rapidly increased in number, stretching back 
towards Mount Royal ; and the commercial impor- 
tance and prosperity of the Northern Metropolis 
have quite kept pace with its growing luxury. 
Among other evidences of its prosperity has been 
the establishment of the fine Allan line of Steamers 
to Liverpool and Glasgow, coming to Quebec and 
Montreal during the open season, and to Portland 
in the winter. 

First among the edifices of Montreal, comes the 
Catholic Cathedral of Notre Dame, standing on the 
Place d^Armes, in the centre of the old city, and so 
large that it is accredited with containing 10,000 
people without difficulty. It is Gothic in architec- 
ture, with two tall towers, commanding a magnifi- 
cent view from the top ; and within, it has many 
of the ft^atures of European churches of the same 
faith. Christ Church Cathedral (Epis.) and St. 
Andrew's Church (Episcopal) rank next; and the 
Church of the Jesuits, with some fine pictures, is 



BOUTENO.l^.—GANADIAN. 249 

much visited and admired. Of public, commercial and 
other buildings may be especially noted the Court 
House, one of the best on the continent ; the Bank 
of Montreal, near the Cathedral; McGill College^ at 
the foot of Mount Royal; Bonsecours Marhetf on 
the quay/ with large dome and excellent internal 
arrangements; 8t. PatricTc's Rally Victoria square; 
the Albert Buildings^ same place ; Dominion Block, 
McGill street, etc. There are three Nunneries, always 
exciting more or less attention among visitors, and 
to which admission is often granted ; the Oray, 
(lately removed); the Blade, Notre Dame street; 
and the Hotel Dieu. Notre Dame and Oreat SL 
James Streets may be named as the most fashionable 
promenades; and St. Paul Street as the leading 
commercial. The principal Cemetery is Mount Royal^ 
on the mountain of that name, around which, a^so, 
is the most fashionable drive of the city. There is a 
handsome Nelson Monument at the Place Jacques 
Oartier. Theatre: the Montreal. Leading Hotels; 
St. Lawrence Hall, the Ottawa, the Montreal, etc. 

Many excursions of interest can be made from 
Montreal, but the most indispensable one is that 
to 

The Victoria Bridge over the St. Lawrence, at 
Point St. Charles, order to inspect which can be 
obtained from the officers of the Grand Trunk Rail- 
way, near the entrance. It is one of the immense 
enterprises of later times, with no less than 23 spans 



260 SHOBT-TBIP GUIDE 

of 242 feet each, a centre one of 330 feet, 
and a total length of two miles. It is tubular, on 
the plan of the great bridge over the Menai Strait, 
in Wales ; was built by Eobert Stephenson and A. M. 
Ross ; and opened by the Prince of Wales during his 
American visit, in August, 1860. 

Another very pleasant excursion, for those reach- 
ing Montreal by rail, is to take rail to Lachine, and 
thence return to the city by boat Down the Lachine 
Rapids, with excellent idea thus obtained of that 
feature of the St. Lawrence. 

[Connections fiom Montreal: westward to Otta- 
wa, by the route just traversed ; eastward to Que- 
bec, by the Grand Trunk road (from St. Lambert) ; 
southward to Mouse's Point, and thence to all points 
in the Eastern and Middle United States, (from La 
Prairie). Westward by steamer on the St. Law- 
rence and Lake Ontario, to Toronto and leading 
Lake ports ; eastward by steamer on the St. Law- 
re ace, to Quebec and the farther East. By Allan 
line of sea-steamers to Halifax, Liveepool and 
Glasgow.] 

Division C. 

MONTREAL TO AIS'D AT QUEBEC, WITH EXCURSIOlSrS 

Leave Montreal (from Bonaventure Station), bj 
train on the Grand Trunk Eailway; across the 
Victoria Bridge at Point St. Charles ; by St. Lam- 
bert, St. Hyacinthe, and other stations, to 



ROUTE NO. \^— CANADIAN. 251 

RiCHMON'D, important railway station and point 
of intersection. [Oonnectionj south-eastward, by 
Fo:tland Division of the Grand Trunk road, to 
Island Pond ; and thence to Gorham for the White 
Mountains and southward, or to Portland and 
connections for BosToiT and the east.] 

From Richmond, by the Quebec branch of the 
Grand Trunk road; by Authabasca [connection 
northward, by Bulstrode., to 8t. Gregoire^ on the 
St. Lawrence river, and Three Rivers (Canada)]; 
by Black River and other stations, to 

Point Levi [continuation of line eastward, to 
Riviere du Loup']. From Point Levi, ferry across 
the St. Lawrence, to 

Quebec, metropolis of the Province of the same 
name ; important military station, with very strong 
fortifications; and with as important historical 
interest as any city on the American continent. It. 
lies on the north shore of the St. Lawrence, with ex- 
ceedingly picturesque location, being divided into 
ihe Upper and Lower Towns, with the very strong 
fortifications of the Upper Town crowning the whole ; 
And the Citadel of Cape Diamond, being considered 
next in strength in the world to Gibraltar and 
Ehrenbreitstein. From the city proper, the suburbs 
of St. Roch and St. John extend along the river St. 
Charles to the Plains of Abraham ^ on the Heights 
of the same name, rendered ever-memorable by the 
battle fought there between the English Gen. Wolfe 
and the French General Montcalm, in 1759, with 



353 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

the death of both the commanders, but the total de- 
feat of the French, and the final capture of Quebec 
and destruction of the French power in the prov- 
ince. The spot where Wolfe fell, near an old re- 
doubt at the highest point, is pointed out to tourists, 
who have even a more singular interest in seeing 
the skull of Montcalm, exhumed not many years 
ago, now preserved in the Ursuline Convent. The 
joint Monument to Wolfe and Montcalm is to be 
found in the Public Garden^ on Des Carrieres street. 
At the foot of the Citadel is a tower, where the Am- 
erican General Montgomery fell in the assault on 
Quebec, in 1775. Ascent from the Lower to the 
Upper Town is made by a very steep and winding 
street, through the Prescott Gate, by which also the 
fortifications may be reached on the St. Lawrence 
side. The Plains may be entered by the 8t. Louis 
■Gate, nearly opposite. The View from the Citadel, 
over the city, the St. Lawrence and the opposite 
shore, is a truly magnificent one and not to be omit- 
ted by any one with an eye to the picturesque. 

Among the most notable Buildings of Quebec, 
may be named the Parliament House (rebuilt when 
the city was still expected to remain the Capital) ; 
the very \?iYg^ Artillery Barracks ; the immense and 
fine Roman Catholic Cathedral ; the Ursuline Con 
vent and Church, with attractive gardens ; the En 
glish Cathedral (modern and noble); St. Andrew^s 
Church ; the very old church of Notre Dame des 
Victoires, in the Lower Town ; as also, in the Jjower 



ROUTE NO. 19. ^CANADIAN. 253 

Town, the Exchange, Custom House, Marine Hos- 
pital, Post Office, and many of the most extensive 
commercial establishments. It i s worthy of remark 
that Quebec, even more than Montreal, has a large 
French admixture, and that in some of the quarters 
many of the lower Parisian dwellings and habits 
may be seen duplicated. Among the principal 
streets are St. Louis ; D'Aute^iil (near the Espla- 
nade, with many tine residences) ; St. Louis Road 
(from the Gate of the same name ) ; St. Peter 
(Lower Town) — commercial. Principal Cemetery : 
Mt. Hermon, elevated and handsome. Leading 
Hotels : the St. Louis and Russell House. 

[Connections: south westward to Richmond and 
Moi^TREAL, by route just traversed; southward by 
the same route, by Richmond, to Island Pond, 
PORTLAif D, the White Mountams, etc. ; eastward to 
the Riviere du Loup. Also, by boat on the St. 
Lawrence, to Montreal, etc.] 

Of short Excursions from Quebec, the most im- 
portant are those to the Falls of AIoktmorenci, 
noble broken cascade, with fine surrounding scenery, 
reached in drive from the city, through Beauport 
(seat of the Provincial Lunatic Asylum) ; to Loreite, 
a famous Indian Village, very popular for tourists, 
and with a world of Indian goods for sale ; to Capb 
Rouge ("Carouge"), with fine river scenery ; to the 
River and Falls of the Ghaudiere, below the city (by 
Point Levi) ; to Lake St. Charles, with fine scenery 
*nd good angling. Sjmething longer is that o the 



354 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

Falls of St. Anne, which may, however, be taken in 
connection with those of Montmorenci. 

Division D. 

QUEBEC TO EIVIEEE DU LOUP AND THE SAGUENAT 

RIVER. 

Leave Quebec by rail, by Point Levi, along the 
south shore of the St. Lawrence, by Chaudiere 
Junction, St^ Thomas, H Islet and other stations, to 
Riviere du Loup. 

Or, better, if time will allow the additional day : 

Leave Quebec by one of the steamers of the Cana- 
dian Navigation Company (usual trips twice a week : 
timely reference on this point to be made at the 
hotel of stoppage, at Quebec.) First object of inter- 
est, the large Island of Orleans, in the St. Law- 
rence immediately below the city, with considerable 
prosperity. The Falls of St. Anne (before referred 
to), and Lahe St. Charles, celebrated for fine trout- 
fishing, are both passed, at some miles below, though 
of course not visible from the boat. The first land- 
ing is made at 

Murray Bay, on the north shore, pleasant vil- 
lage and attractive watering-place, much resorted to 
by Canadian families, and with good accomodation. 
Going on by steamer, an hour and a half later is 
reached 

RiYiERE DU Loup, on the southern side of the 
now rapidly- widening St. Lawrence — terminus of 



BOUTE NO. n.— CANADIAN. 355 

the easternmost branch of the Grand Trunk road. 
[Connection by rail, southwest to Chaudiere June- 
Hon, for Quebec ; or thence to Richmond, for 
Montreal, or south to Island Pond for Poetlaitd 
or the White Mountains]. [From Riviere du Loup, 
visit is paid, by stage, to the favorite watering- 
place of 

Gacouna^ with fine bathing, fishing, and much 
fashionable resort.] 

Leaving Riviere du Loup, again by steamer, 
the St. Lawrence is recrossed, to the entrance of 
the 

SAOUEiirAY River, with scenery of such grand 
and stupendous wildness as is seldom encountered 
on either continent ; the almost perpendicular ciifia 
at many points, and the great height of the border- 
ing hills, combining with the darkness of the water, 
the frequent waterfalls, • and the general aspect of 
wild desolation, to awe as well as enrapture. At 
very near the entrance of the river is passed the 
very old village of Tadoussac; and not long after, 
the little cove containing a fishing station, called 
L'Ance a VEau, The next points of interest 
reached, are the two frightful over-hanging cliff- 
mountains. Cape Eternity and Cape Trinity, be- 
neath which, from the apprehension that they may 
fall at any moment, the tourist has no wish to re- 
main for any long period, while the water seems 
black as ink, from the shadows. Statue Point and 
the Tableau are other points of special interest, ap- 



256 8H0BT-TBIP GUIDE. 

preaching Ha Ha Bay, a beautiful village, amid 
softened scenery, where the route terminates. 

Return by steamer to Riviere du Loup, whence 
rail to Quebec, or to Ghaudiere Junction for pro- 
ceeding southward. 



ROUTE NO. 20 -CANADIAN. 

NIAGARA EALLS TO TORONTO, MONTREAL AND 
QUEBEC, BY STEAMERS; WITH DIREC- 
TION TO OTHER CITIES OP BRITISH 
POSSESSIONS. 

Leave Niagara Falls (Suspension Bridge), by 
train to Leioiston, small town on the American 
shore of the Niagara Kiver (Queenston, larger 
town, on the Canadian side,- opposite, with monu 
ment to the British General Brock, killed there in 
battle in 1812). 

At Lewiston take Toronto boat (twice daily), on 
the Niagara river, with stop at 

Niagara (Village), place of embarkation for 
other passengers from Falls by rail on the American 
side. Immediately below Niagara are passed Fort 
Niagara^ on American side, and Fort Massasauga, 
on Canadian. Soon after, passing from the River 
into Lake Ontario, with short sail to 

Toronto (See Route No 19). 

At Toronto take Royal Mail steamer for Montreal 
(every day, in connection with boat and train). 
Several hours' sail along the Lake, with shore-views, 
principally north — to 

Kingston. (See Route No. 19). 

(Or, leave Niagfara by rail, a«^ in Route No. 19, to 



258 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

Hamilton, Toron"to and Kingston, first taking boat 
here, at very early morning or afternoon). 

At Kingston the Lake narrows to become virtu- 
ally the St. Lawrence Eiver, though, still very wide, 
and called the " Lake of the Thousand Islands," as 
containing the celebrated 

Thousand Islands, said to number nearly twice as 
many, and certainly studding the stream very thick- 
ly, in rough-tree-crowned, wild and picturesque 
beauty — there really seeming, at times, to be diffi- 
culty in finding passage between them. 

Leaving the Lake of the Thousand Islands, en- 
tering the St. Lawrence proper, passing Ogdenshurg 
on the American side, and Prescott, on the Cana- 
dian (connection to Ottawa — see Eoute No. 19),— 
are soon entered the 

Rapids of the' St. Laiurence, among the most ex- 
tended and notable to be found in any river on the 
globe, and some of them startling to the inexpe- 
rienced who mark the rapid rush of the water and 
the sharp inclination of the boat, at the worst mo- 
ments; though the amount of danger involved, 
with good boats and the inevitable skilful pilot- 
age, must be almost nothing, as accidents are liter- 
ally unheard of. The difi'erent Eapids follow each 
other in the succession named : the Oallopes (4) ; the 
Plate ; the Depleau ; the Long Sault ; the Coteaii ; 
the Cedars (considered by many the finest ) ; the 
Cascades ; and the Lachine (shortest of all, but 
more sensational than any of the otheis). Im- 



ROUTE NO. %Q.^OANADIAK 259 

mediately after passing the Lachine, is in sight, and 
soon after reached, 

MoN"TREAL. (See Eoute No. 19). 

From Montreal (every evening) by boats of the 
Richelieu Company, making the whole passage dur- 
ing the night (little interesting scenery offering), 
and landing in the morning at 

Quebec. (See Route No. 19 ; as also for excur- 
sion to Riviere du Loup and the Saguenay River). 

SKELETON^ ROUTES TO OTHER TOWNS OF BRITISH 
POSSESSIONS. , 

Halifax, Capital of Nova Scotia. Reached by 
steamers of the Allan line, from Montreal or Port- 
land ; or by packet-steamer direct from Portland ; 
or from St. John, N. B., by steamer to Windsor, 
N. S., and rail thence to Halifax. Hotels : the 
Waverley, Stewarfs, Halifax, and International. 

St. John, New Brunswick. From Boston, by 
steamer, twice a week. From Halifax, N. S., by 
rail and steamer, by Windsor, N. S. Hotels : Wav- 
erley and 8tull)s\ 

Fredericton", Capital of New Brunswick. From 
Boston, by steamer to St. John's, and small steamer 
up the St. John River. Hotel : the Barlcer House. 

Windsor, Nova Scotia. By rail from Halifax. 

Sidney, Cape Breton. By boat from Halifax. 

Shediac, New Brunswick. By rail from St. John, 
N. B. ; also by steamer from Quebec. 

Charlotte Town, Prince Edward's Island. Bv 



360 SHOBT TRIP O UIDE. 

rail from St. Jolin, N. B., to Shediac, N. B. ; thence 
boat. 

PicTOU, Nova Scotia. By rail from St John, 
N. B., to Shediac, N. B. ; thence boat. 

Bathurst, New Brunswick. By boat from She- 
diac ; also from Quebec. 



ROUTE NO. 21. FAR-WESTERN iSEMhSKELETON.) 

CHICAGO TO OMAHA, SALT LAKE CITY, SAl^" FRAJf- 
CISCO, BIG TREES AND YO-SEMITE VALLEY. 

Division A. 

CHICAGO TO OMAHA, BY OPTIOIfAL ROUTES. 

By Chicago and North Western road. 

Leave Chicago by Chicago and North Western 
road, to 

Junction [connection north to Jfi^Zw^wte; north 
to Fort Howard and Green Bay ; north-westward to 
Madisok ; westward to Dunleith and Dubuque]. 
Junction, by Geneva and other stations, to 

Dixon [connection northward to Freeport ; south- 
ward to Bloomington, Sprikgeield, Alton and St. 
Louis]. By other stations to 

Morrison [connection south westward to Rock Is- 
land] ; to 

OLii^TON, on the Mississippi River, entering the 
State of Iowa [river connections north and south]. 
OlintoUj by various stations, to 

Cedar Rapids, railway centre on the Red Cedar 
River. [Connections, northeast to i)w§«^5'?^e ; north 
to Waterloo, Austin and St. Paul ; south to Bur- 
lington and KeohuTc]. Cedar Rapids, by various 
other stations, to 



263 SBOBT-TRIP GUIDE, 

MarshaU [connections northward to Mason City, 
Austin and St. Paul ; south wai-d to Ottumwa, Keo- 
huh etc.] ; to Boone, thriving town and coal centre, 
commencemont of the \\'e^?tern Division of the 
road: to 

Geaxi) Jr^fCTiox [connection north to Fort 
Dodge, thence to Sioux Cityx south to Des Moines, 
capital of the State of Iowa]. Grand Junction, bv 
many other stations, through the Valley of the Des 
Moines, to 

MissouKi Yalley Juif ctiox . [Connections north 
to Si(nix City ; westward, by California Junction, 
across the Missouri river to Fremont and the Union 
Paoitic road]. By other stations to 

Cor^^^ciL Blupfs, on the eastern side of the Mis- 
souri river. [Coiinections north to Sioux Oity, etc. ; 
south to Kebrasl'a City (by branch) , Lixcolx, 
Capital of Nebraska, St. Joseph, on the Missouri 
river, etc]. From Council Bluffs, bridge-transfer 
(railroad), to Omaha. 

By Chicago and Bock Island road. 

Leave Chicago by the Chicago and Eock Island 
road ; by EngUwood [connections eastward to all 
cities on the Michigan Southern and Lake Shore 
rv^ads; southeastward to Fort Wayne. Pittshirg. 
etc] . By other stations to , 

JoLiET, large town on the Pes Moines river, 
with State Penitentiary, extensive stone-quarrits, 
etc, [Connections, eastward to Michigan Southerr 
and Lake Shore roads; southwest ward to Bloom inr 



ROUTE NO. ^l.— FAR-WESTERN. 363 

t07i and Springfield ; also by Canal with Ohioago]. 
By other stations to 

La Salle, flourishing town and coal centre on 
tlie Illinois river. [Connections, north to Mendota 
and Freeport, south to Bloomington and Spuing- 
FiELD, by Illinois Central road ; also by steamer to 
St. Louis]. La Salle, by Bureau [connection south- 
ward to Peoria] ; by Pond Creeh [connection south- 
westward to Quincy and to Bm'lington] ; by minor 
stations to 

Rock Island, important town on the Mississippi, 
with extensive manufactures and river trade. [Con- 
nections northeast to Freeport^ etc.; southeast to 
Peoria; south to Alton and St. Louis; also by 
steamboat to St. Louis]. From Eock Island, by 
bridge over the Mississippi, to 

Davenport (Iowa), large town on the western 
bank of that river, witli water-power, manutactures, 
Griswold and other Colleges, an Opera House, etc. 
[Oonnei^tions, substantially same as Rock Island]. 
Davenport to Wilton [connection .south westward to 
Muscatine, Washington^ and the Kansas Pacitic 
road] ; to Moscow [connection, by Ashland, witb 
Des Moine.^ Valley road] ; to 

West Liberty [conuc ctiou south to Burlington ; 
north to Cedar Rapids, etc.] ; to 

Iowa City, on the Iowa river, formerly capital of 
the State, and now with State University, manu- 
factures, etc. By other stations to Grinnelly seat of 
Iowa College [connectious north to Mason City, 



264 SHORT- TRIP GUIDE. 

etc.; south to Ottumwa, etc.] By other stations 
to 

Des Moines, capital of the State of Iowa, thriv- 
ing manufacturing town and coal centre, at the 
confluence of Des Moines and Raccoon rivers, with 
magnificent State House in course of erection. [Con- 
nections, northwest to Fort Dodge and Sioux City ; 
southeast to Ottumwa, Keohuh, etc. J Des Moines, 
by Dexter y Casey ^ Atlantic, and other stations, to 

OouKCiL Bluffs and Omaha. (See Chicago and 
Northwestern route over the same distance, imme- 
diately preceding.) 

By Chicago, Bu7Mngton and Quincy road. 

Leave Chicago by the Chicago, Burlington and 
Quincy road, by Aurora, on Fox river; by Mendota, 
agricultural and manufacturing town, seat of Men- 
dota College, and of a Wesleyan Seminary [connec- 
tion south to Bloomington, etc., north to Freeport, 
etc., by the Illinois Central road] ; by Princeton, 
Qalva ; by Galeshurg, seat of Knox and Lombard 
Colleges [connection south-eastward to Peoria, etc.]; 
by Monmouth, to 

BuKLiNGTON", on the Mississippi river, one of the 
largest and most important towns of Iowa, with fine 
river scenery, extensive commerce, by river and other- 
«^ise, seat of Burlington University (Baptist), and a 
great railway centre. [Connections very general; 
principally by the Chicago, Burlington and Quincy 
road and its branches ; and Mississippi river may be 



ROUTE No. 21.— FAB WE8TEBN. 365 

ascended to Rock Island, Dubuque, etc., or descended 
to St. Louis, etc.] 

From Burlington by the Burlington and Missouri 
road, by the important stations of Ottumwa [con- 
nections north to Cedar Rapids, southward and east- 
ward to St. Louis, etc. J ; Chariton. Osceola, Creston, 
Red OaTc, Pacific Junction, etc., to 

Council Bluffs and Omaha. (See Chicago and 
North Western route.) 

Division B. 

OMAHA TO OGDE]sr, SALT LAKE CITY, AITD SAN 

FRAKCISCO. 

Omaha, Nebraska, on the western side of the 
Missouri river, opposite Council Bluffs, well located, 
and unprecedentedly rapid in growth, though de- 
riving its principal importance from the great Pacific 
transit through it, and the commercial supply of a 
wide section, making it the central point between 
Chicago and San Francisco. Communication with 
Council Bluffs by ferry boat, and by the magnificent 
iron bridge now crossing the Missouri. [Connec- 
tions: (besides the routes just traversed) south-east 
to Ottumwa, Keohuh, and Burlington, by the 
Burlington and Missouri road; north to California 
Junction and Sioux City ; south to St. Joseph, 
Wyandotte, and Topeka, capital of the State of 
Kansas; etc.] 

[Before proceeding westward from Omaha, on the 
great Pacific Koute, a few observations are worthy of 



266 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

notice. First, no apprehensions of the length of 
the road need be entertained, as to anything more 
than easily-endurable fatigue — the road, through- 
out, from Omaha to the Pacific, being thoroughly 
well laid, a large proportion of it straight and level, 
and the moderate rate of speed making the motion 
smooth and easy, so that reading, writing, card- 
playing, conversation or eating (if lunch is carried), 
are all practicable and easy throughout. Seco7id, to 
secure the full charm of the route, berths in the 
Pullman Sleeping Carriages, advisable elsewhere, 
are almost indispensable for the night-and-day 
travel on the Union Pacific road, as are the Silver 
Palace Oars of the same character correspondingly 
necessary beyond Ogden, on the Central Pacific 
road. The cost of using these coaches, with freer 
room and greater privileges by day and comfortable 
sleeping-accommodations by night, will be found 
but a trifle added to the price of tickets (only 18.00, 
Omaha to Ogden ; $6.00, Ogden to the Pacific) ; and 
no wiser additional outlay can be made, as no more 
complete luxury can be found in any line of travel. 
Third, the trains stop at convenient stations for 
meals, which will be found good enough for all 
practical purposes, and many excellent ; though 
parties of several persons will probably add to their 
comfort by taking lunch-baskets, prepared food, and 
what drinks they may prefer, and having tables set 
for them in the cars, at leisure, by the stewards or 
porters. Fourth, at some portions of the long ride 



ROUTE No. 21.— FAR WESTERN. 267 

there is always dust, and linen or other dusters (wraps) 
are indispensable; while the same stout clothing 
needed nearly all the year at San Francisco and 
other places on the immediate Pacific coast, is often 
found pleasant at that point of the route which 
crosses the Eocky Mountains. Fifth, to the intel- 
ligent and observing, the ride is by no means monot- 
onous, at least on the first crossing — the infinite 
variety of scenery making such monotony impos- 
sible. The first few hours from Omaha show the 
Prairies, in perfection, with, an absolute level, fer- 
tility, though without wood, the Platte river on the 
left, and a sea of living green ; the second day 
changes the prairies to the Plains, with less fertility, 
some bluffs, and low river scenery; while, also on 
the second day, the snow-crested Rocky Mountains 
are seen, the route of travel roughens, and the 
mountains themselves are crossed ; to these succeed 
the High Plains of Laramie; then the Desert, with 
rocky bluffs; then the Wahsatch Mountains, gener- 
ally snow-crowned, and the grand scenery of Echo 
and Weber Canons, penetrating through them, to 
Ogden (witli its detour of Salt Lake City). Beyond 
Ogden occurs, first, grand scenery on the left, of the 
Wahsatch, the G-reat Salt Lake, etc.; then succeed 
the Ureat American Desert, with its characteristics 
of desolation indicated by the name — the Valley of 
the Humboldt, with some approach to fertility — 
followed by the Great Nevada Sandy Desert, more 
desolate than any preceding, but curious in its 



268 SHORT-TBIP GUIDE. 

bluffs and rock formations. Then follow the noble 
and wild scenery of the Sierra Nevada Monn tains, 
nearly always snow-crowned, the tremendous passes 
over and around the summits of those mountains, 
with nearly forty miles of snow-sheds, views of the 
^reat gold-mining sections and operations, the thril- 
ling descent of the Sierras, to the English-looking 
and fertile plains of California.] 

The following table shows all the stations between 
Omaha and San Francisco, on both the Union and 
Central Pacific roadSj with the distances from 
Omaha, and the altitudes of all points above sea- 
level. Those in capitals are the more important 
stations; and in notes following, and marked by 
reference letters (a^ l, c, etc.) will be found some of 
the notable features of the route, the connections, etc. 
General eating-stations are designated, in the notes, 
by the initials " G. E. S." 



Saw 



• el '• 



STATIONS. 



4 
10 

15 

29 
35 

47 
54 
62 
69 



.OMAHA DEPOT. 
. . Summit Siding . . 

Gilmore a . . . . 

Papillon 

Elkhorn b 

Valley 

. . . . Fremont c 

Ketchum 

. . North Bend d . . 
Rogers 



H 



966 
1142 
976 
972 
1150 
1120 
1176 
1270 
1259 
1359 



ROUTE NO. 21.— FAB WESTEBN. 



269 



Dietances 

from 
OMAHA. 


STATIONS. 


00 

§ 

1 


76 


Scbiiyler ... 


1335 


84 


Richland 


1440 


92 


Co'umbus e 


1432 


99 


Jackson 


1470 


109 


Silver Creek 


1534 


121 


\ Clark's 


1610 


182 


Lone Tree 


1686 


142 


, Chapman's 


1760 


148 


Lockwood 


1800 


154 


GRAND ISLAND e\ 


1850 


162 


Alda 


1907 


172 


Wood River 


1974 


183 


Gibbon 


2046 


191 




2106 


201 


Stevenson 


2170 


212 




2241 


221 


Overton 


2305 


230 
240 


, Cay ote 


2370 

2440 


250 




2511 


260 


Warren 


2570 


268 




2637 


278 


McPherson h 


2695 


285 




2752 


291 


NORTH PLATTE i 


2789 


299 




2883 


808 


O'Fallon's 


2976 


315 




3000 


322 


Alk-di 


3038 


332 




8105 


342 


, Ogalalla 


3190 


351 




3266 


361 


Big b^pring 


8325 


369 




3421 


377 


Julesburg j ^. . . 


3500 


387 




3702 


397 
408 


Lodge Pole 


3800 
4022 



270 



8H0BT-TBIP GUIDE. 



Distances 

from 
OMAHA. 


STATIONS. 


1 

t 


414 


SIDNEY k 


4073 


423 


Brownson 


4200 


433 


Potter 


4370 


442 


Bennett 


4580 


451 


Antelope 


4712 


463 


Buslinell 


4860 


473 


Pine Bluffs, W. T. I 


5026 


484 


E2:bert 


5272 


496 


Hillsdale m. 


5591 


508 


Archer 


6000 


516 


CHEYENNE n 


6041 


523 


Hazard 


6325 


531 




6734 


536 


Granite Canon . . . , 


7298 


542 




7780 


549 


Sberman o 


8242 


558 




7857 


564 


.Red Buttt s 


7336 


570 




7163 


573 


LARAMIE p 


7123 


581 




7090 


• 587 


Wynming 


7068 


602 




7044 


606 


Lookout 


7169 


638 




6680 


645 


Medicine Bow 


6550 


656 




6750 


662 


Simpson 


689S 


669 




6950 


675 


Dana 


6875 


680 




6751 


688 


Walcott 


6800 


690 




6840 


704 


Grennville 


6560 


709 




6732 


716 


Summit 


6821 


723 




690!) 


730 


Fillmore 


68^5 



ROUTE NO. 21.— FAB WESTERN. 271 



Distances 

from 
OMAHA. 


STATIONS. 


1 
f 

0) 


737 


Creston t 


7030 


744 


Latbam 


6900 


752 


.Wash-a kie 


6697 


761 


Red Desert 


6710 


775 


Table Rock 


-6890 


785 


Bitt. r Creek 


6685 


794 


Black Buttes 


6600 


798 


Hallville 


6590 


805 


Point of Rocks 


6490 


817 


Salt Wells 


6360 


825 


Baxter 


6300 


831 


Rock Springs , 


6280 


839 




6200 


845 


GREEN RIVER u 


6140 


858 




6340 


867 


Marston 


6245 


876 




6270 


887 


Church Buttes w 


6317 


896 




6500 


904 


Carter oa 


6550 


913 




6780 


928 


. . . ^ Lerov 


7123 


937 




6540 


944 


Aspen 


7835 


950 




6790 


614 


Miser 


6810 


623 




6690 


630 


Wil' ox 


7033 


957 




6870 


966 


Wahsatch 


6879 


975 




6290 


982 


Han2;in^ Rock 


5974 


991 




5315 


999 


Weber Quarry •. . . . 


5250 


1007 




5130 


1015 


Peterson 


4963 


1019 




4870 


1024 


Uintah 


4560 



372 



8H0BT-TRIP GUIDE. 



33 .1^ 

fi o 



1032 

1040 

1055 

1073 

1084 

1092 

1105 

1123 

1139 

1153 

1178 

1187 

1197 

1206 

1215 

1237 

1236 

1251 

1259 

1283 

1297 

1807 

1319 

1330 

1339 

1358 

1368 

1379 

1891 

1410 

1434 

1451 

1472 

1492 

1514 

1525 

1541 

1553 



STATIONS. 



....OGDEN m 

Bonneville 

Corinne bb 

Blue Creek 

, . . .Promontory cc 

Rozel." 

. . .Monument dd.. ,. . 

Kelton ee 

Matlin 

Terrace 

Lucin 

..Tecoma, Nevada. . . . 

Montello 

Loray 

TOANO ff 

Pequop 

. . .Independence 

Wells gg 

Tulasco 

Halleck 

, Osino hh 

Elko ii 

Moleen 

CARLINi; 

Palisade , 

Be-o-wa-we , 

Shoshone , 

Ars^erita Teh , 

.Battle Mountain Mf. 

Stone House 

Colconda , 

.WINNEMUCOA II. 

Raspberry 

. . . .Humboldt mm. . . . 

Oreana 

Lovelock's , 

Brown's 

White Plains 



4340 
4310 
4294 
4360 
4943 
4600 
4290 
4500 
4821 
4450 
4400 
4600 
4800 
5409 
5964 
6180 
6115 
5650 
5418 
5220 
5100 
5030 
5000 
4930 
4870 
4717 
4665 
4575 
4534 
4449 
4419 
4355 
4354 
4262 
4206 
4100 
3955 
3921 



ROUTE NO. 21.— FAB WESTERN. 



273 



Distauces 

from 
OMAHA. 


STATIONS. 


m 

p 


1568 


Hot Springs 


4098 


15S7 


WADSWORTH nn 


4104 


1602 


Cliik's 


4290 


1614 


Visia 


4400 


1622 


Reno 00 


4525 


1633 


Verdi, California pjp 


49 5 


1648 


Boca . ... 


5560 


1057 


TRUCKEE qq 


5866 


1071 


Summit rr 


7042 


i684 


Cisco 


5911 


1692 


Emigrant Gap ss 


5309 


1097 


JBiu6 Canon 


4700 


1706 


Alta . . 


3625 


170b 


Dntch. Flat 


3425 


1711 


Gold i.un tt 


3245 


1722 


... .Colfax uu 


3448 


1740 


Auburn 


1385 


1745 


Newcastle 


920 


1754 


Rocklin 


269 


1758 


Junction 


189 


1768 


Arcade 


76 


1776 
1803 


SACRAMENTO «iJ 

Gait 


56 

73 


1824 


Stockton WW 


46 


1834 


Lathrop xx 


48 


1867 
1893 


Liv^rmore 

Niles 


520 

148 


1914 


San Jose yy 


114 


1909 


Oak! and zz 





1914 


SAN FRANCISCO 






NOTES. 

a. Oilmore, entrance of the Pa' illon Valley. 

b. ElkTiorn, entrance of the Platte Valley, and crossing 
of the Elkhorn river. 

c. Fremont^ connection with the Chicago and North- 
western road, by California Junction. G. E. S. 



274 8H0RT*TRIP (lulDE. 

d. North Bend, with first views of the Platte river on the 
left. 

e. Columbus^ with bridge across the Platte, and railroad 
crossing the Loup Fork near. 

ef . Grand Island, important station. G. E. S. 

f. Kearney, supply station fur Fort Kearney, in the im 
mediatf^ neighborhood. 

g. Plum Creek, sccne of the Plum Creek Massacre of rail- 
road employees, 1868. 

h. McPherson, supply station for Fort McPherson on the 
opposite side of the river. 

i. North Platte, with extensive machine-i-hop of the rail- 
way company. 

j. Julesburg, with Fort Sedgwick near — the place having 
some activity and the reputation ot being the wickedest in 
the world, during the railway building, but now stripped 
and io decay. 

h. iS^(:?7^e2/, inoportant station, with railway repair- hops, 
and Sidney Barracks, military stntion, adjoining. G. E. S. 

1. Pine Bluffs, with singular rock scenery in the i;eigh- 
borhood. 

m. Hillsdale, with first views, near, of the Black Hills, 
the snow- crowned peaks of the Rocky Mountains ; and 
Pike's Peak, Long's and Spanish Peaks, of the Colorado 
Mountains, often visible at the south-west, at the incredible 
distance of 170 miles. 

n. Cheyenne, principal station between Omaha and 
Ogden, with railway shops. Poitt of connection, by the 
Denver Pacific road, with Denver ; and thence, by the Kan- 
sas Pacific road, with TopeJca, Laiorence and other Kansas 
towns, and St. Louis. Als", by the road to Denvtr, and 
stages thence, with Central City, Golden City, Pike's Peak, 
and other mountain and mining centres of Colorado. Also, 
central military station of the Plains. G. E. S. 

o. Sherman, highest point of the railway over the Rocky 
Mountains, and also liighest railway-station in the world, 
with altitude of 8,242 feet. 

p. Laramie, important station, with railway machine- 
shops, near the North Park on the south and the Black Hills 
on the north, and very favorable for residence and mountain 
rambles. G. E. S. 

q. Carbon, with coal mines in the neighborhood. 

r. Percy, with fine views of Elk Mountain. 

s. St. Mary'.'i, with wil'< and rugged scenery in the vicin- 
uy . ana h crcs-iug of the Laramie river. 



ROUTE No. 21.~FAB WESfJSBN. 275 

t. Crcsfim, at, the summit of tb^ dividing -ridge of the 
continent, though really lower than Sherman. 

u. Green Bwer^ thriving village, fording-place of the 
old Overland Stage line, and with fine views of the Uintah 
Mountains at the south, and the Wind River Mountains at 
the north. G. E. S. 

V. Bryan, important station, and point of connection, by 
stage, with the Sweet Water mining region and the once 
popular South Pass of the Overland emigration. 

w. GhuTch ButteSy with singular rock, formations in the 
neighborhood, giving it the name; and tbe chief place of 
supply of the celebrated moss agates of the section. 

X. Garter, supply station for Fort Bridgcr, near. 

y. Evanston, new but thriving town of Utah, with repu- 
tation for supplying the alkali bread, of peculiar excellence; 
and the point at which, when available, the open " observa- 
tion car" is attached to the westward-bound train, for favor- 
able views of the snow-crowned Wahsatch mountains, and 
through Echo and Weber Canons. G. E. S. 

z. Castle Bock, entrance to the grand rock scenery of 
Echo Canon, and of Weber Canon, following, with Pulpit 
Rock, the Thousand Mile Tree, the Devil's Gate, Devil's 
Slide, and other notable features of one of the most remark- 
able passes on the continent. 

aa Ogden, termination of the Union Pacific road, and 
commencement of the Central Pacific; Mormon town of 
some prosperity, and with grand scenery at the north, in 
in Ogden and other Canons. Also, point of departure, by the 
Utah Central railroad, for Salt Lake City (see that detour. 
Division D, following), and for northern points by the Utah 
Northern road. G. E. S. 

bb. Gorinn£, important station near the Great Salt Lake, 
with stage connection to the Lake, and by boat to Salt Lake 
City; also stage connection to Virginia, Helena, and other 
mountain and mining fowns of Nevada. 

cc. Promontory — Promontors Point, so called from strange 
rock protuberances near it ; the spot where the " last spike" 
of thp crinnecting roads was driven on the 10th May, 1869, 
and where the connection of the two roads was expected to 
be made, until transferred to Ogden by Act of Congress. 

dd. Monument, commencement of tbe Great American 
Desert. 

ee. Kelton, with connection by stage to Boise City, Rocky 
Bar, and other mining sections in Idaho, and thence to cities 
of Oregon. 



276 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

fF. Toano, important station, at near the entrance to the 
Humboldt Valley. G. E. 8. 

go;. Wells^ with the Humboldt Wells and their fertile 
oases in the neighborhood, and point of stage departure for 
northern mines. 

hh. Osi7iOj western termination of the Humboldt Valley. 

ii. Elko, important station and thriving town of Nevada, 
with stage and wagon connections to White Pine, Wyoming, 
and other mining districts. 

jj. Garlin, another important station, and rival of Elko. 
G. E. S. 

kk. Argenta^ with stage connections to Austin and Bel- 
mont, and distributing trade to Reese river and White 
Pine raining districts. 

kk. Battle Mountain. G. E. S. 

]]. Winnemucca, with railway shops and mining trade, 
an'l stage connection to Boise City, Paradise, Silver City, etc. 
Also, virtual commencement of the Great Nevada Sandy 
Desert. 

mm. Humholdt^ with bridge crossing of the Humboldt 
river, and Sink of the Humboldt visfble at the left. G, E. S. 

nn. Wadsworth, west ern ter, i ination of the Great Nevada 
Desert, and commencement of ascent of the Sierra Nevada 
Mountains. Also, with extensive workshops, and with Pyra- 
mid Lake at some twenty miles due northward. 

00. Reno, important station, on the Tmckee river, and 
great mining centre of supplies and transportation, with 
railway connection to Carson City, Virginia City, Gold Hill, 
Washoe, etc. 

pp. Verdi, point of entering Califorrtin. 

qq. Truckee, thriving t<>wn, witti numerous saw mills 
and many cliaract»'ristics of the earl}^ California towns. 
Point of detour from the railway, by stage to Lake TaJioe, 
15 miles southward (see Division E), and to Lake Bonner, 
at a short distance northward. Has fine moun'ain sccn'-iy 
in the neighborhood, and thence westward up the Sierra, 
though with many interruptions from the snow-sheds. Not 
far westward from Truckee are caught noble views of Luke 
Donner, lying far below, to the right. 

rr. Summit, highest point of the railway over the Sierra 
Nevada, almost always with much snow in the neighbor- 
hood, and surrounded by snow-sheds. G. E. S. 

ss. Emigrant Gap, at and beyond which may be said to 
commence \hr grand scenery of the descent of the Sierras, 



ROUTE No. "ll.— FAR WESTERN 276-2 

of wh'ch the t^vo most strking points are the G-reat A.meri- 
can Canon, and Cape Horn. 

tt. Gold Ran, in tue neigkborhood of which, from the 
road, may be surveved many of the effects and some of the 
proces-.e3 of hydraulic trold-mining in Caliromia. 

uu, (Jolfax, important staiioa, nnd point at which ceases 
thr- very steep descent of the Sierras. G-. E, S. 

w. SACRAiiE^TTO, capifal of Caliiomia, lying on the Sa- 
cramen'o river, with a very handsome Copitoi not j'et fin- 
hhed, a I '.rge amount of trade by river and o'herwise, the 
Yolo BrvJ/je over the river, Cp/airal PoAific Rdlway Works, 
and many attractions as a residence, [bteiimboat commu- 
nication down the Sacramento river, by Awi/i/lor, Benida, 
VoJZejo, etc., supplvin? very pleasant tra^nsit to Sax Feax- 
cisco.] G-. E. S. 

WW, S^onktra, lar:^'' town of the San Joaqnin Tal'ev. at 
the head of navigation on the San Joaquin river, minincr 
emporiinxi, wheat-c^'itre, and one of the points of departure 
for the Big Trees of Calaveras, the To Semite Valley, etc. 

XX. Loihrop, thriving town of San Joaquin Valley, point 
of junction of the Visalia Division of the C. P. R. R., and 
another of tho favorite points of departure for ^he Yo 
Semite. G. E. S. 

yy. San Jom, pleasant and favorite town, south-east of 
San Francisco, and pas-ed through, from Niles, when 
making the detour south of the Bay and reaching San Fran- 
cisco hj rail wittiout ferria^fe from Oakland. 

zz. Oaklo/n/l, thriving' towa and favorite residence, cele- 
brated for its erowth of live-oaks, and as bein^ the site of 
the University of Calitornia. Terminus of the Central 
Pacific roid, whence ferry to San Francisco. 



Division 0. 

SAi^ PRAXCI5C0, WITH SHORT EXCrRSlOXS. 

Sa:N' Fea^s-cisco, called the " Metropolis of the 
Pacific/^ as well as the '•' Golden City," lies on the 
we-stern side of the Bay of the same name, with 
entrance to the Pacific Ocean throngh the •• Golden 
Gate." It is immense in trade and wealth, with 



2765 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

singularly varied and sometimes-trying climate, und 
a dashing enterprise unparalleled elsewhere. Cali- 
fornia, Montgomery., Clay, Bush, Washington, Kear- 
ney, Stockton and Dupont, are among the principal 
streets ; and Market street divides them between 
north and south, as in Philadelphia. Telegraph Hill, 
at the northern side, gives a splendid view of the 
city and harbor, and many of the distant mountains. 

Among leading Public Buildings are the U. S. 
Mint, Commercial street (new one building, at Mis- 
sion and Fifth streets) ; the Custom House (with 
Post Office) ; Mercliants' Exchange, California street; 
New City Hall (building, Yerba Buena Park) ; U. 
S. Marine Hospital, Mission street; Roman Cath. 
Orphan Asylum, Market street ; St. Ignatius Col- 
lege, Market street; etc. Prominent Churches: 
Grace Church (Epis.) ; St. Mary's and St. Patricks 
Cathedrals (Cath.); Calvary Prestyterian ; First 
Methodist ; First Baptist ; Jeioish Synagogue 
Emanuel; Mariners' Church, etc. Leading 
Theatres : the California, Metropolitan, Maguire's 
Opera ^o?^ae, Alhambra. Chinese Theatres : Dupont 
street and Jackson street. Leading Hotels : the 
Occidental, Cosmopolitayi, Grand, and Lick House. 

Other Peatures of Interest will be found, The 
Chinese, whose head-quarters in the Western World 
are at San Francisco, and in whose ^* quarter," "Joss 
House" or Temple, and Theatre, much experience 
may be gained ; Woodwards Gardens, with very fine 
collections in Natural Historj and a Hall for public 
amusements; the City Water Works, ^tc. 



ROUTE No. 21.— FAR WESTERN. 276<; 

Near Excursions will include those to Lone Moun- 
tain Cemetery, with fine outlook, tombs of Broderick, 
Ool. Baker, and others; to the Gliff House and Seal 
Rock, with the Seals always crowning the latter 
(favorite driye or horse-car.-, with stages connecting) ; 
to the Ocean House and Race Coarse, near the 
latter; to the Hunter's Point Dry Dochs ; to the 
Mission Dolores (street car) ; to the Presidio, Fort 
Point, etc., (drive or street car) ; and many others, 
locally directed, for longer sojourners. There are 
also ferries to Oahland, San Antonio, Alameda, 
Contra Costa, San Quentin and Saucelito. 

[Connections from San Francisco. (Local hotel 
inquiry advisable, for particulars.) By rail to Sac- 
RAMEiTTO, Marysville, Oroville, Shasta, (Shasta 
Butte-Mountain) Fre^o^ and other towns north ; to 
Stockton, Sa7i Jose, Visalia, and other toWns, and 
New Almaden Mines, south ; eastward to Salt Lake 
City, Omaha, and the East, by route just traversed. 
(Railway being laid, farther north, to Oregon City, 
Portland, Vancouver, etc.) By river-steamer to 
Sacramento. By sea-steamer on the Pacific, to 
Monterey.^ St. Luis, Santa Barbara, Acapulco, aiid 
oth r towns on the Pacific, southward ; with con- 
nection at Panama with the Panama Railway and 
steamers on the Atlantic from Aspinwall to New 
York. Also by sea-steamer north to Portland and 
other towns of Oregon. Also by sea-steamer to the 
Sandwich Islands, with connection thence to Aus- 
tralia. Also by Pacific mall steamers to Japan 



2766? SHORT- TRIP GUIDE. 

and Chij^'A, with connections to British Ii^dia, 
the Peninsular and Oriental steamers and overland 
route to Egypt, Mediterranean and Eueope.] 

Division D, 

DETOUR FROM OGDEl!^ TO SALT LAKE CITY. 

Leave Ogden by cars of the Utah Central Eailway, 
down the Great Salt Lake Valley, with the WaLsatch 
Mountains (a part of them always snow-crowned) 
rising boldly on the left and formin^^ the eastern 
rim of the valley; and the Great Salt Lake, wjth 
encircling mountains and bold islands, forming the 
western boundary. The valley is very fertile, though 
needing and receiving constant irrigation on account 
of deficient rain ; and the Mormon farms and home- 
steads line the eastern side of the valley, and nestle 
under the mountains the whole distance. Passing 
through the settlements of Eaysville, Farmington, 
Centreville, and Bountiful, at 36 miles from Ogden 
is reached 

Salt Lake City, lying at the southern extremity 
of the fertile portion of the Valley, with marshy 
ground extending for some miles southward from it 
and westward to the lake. It is well laid out, with 
broad and well-shaded stree-s, streams of water run- 
ning through many of them, though little that is 
complimentary can be said of the houses, a large 
proportion of them ill-built of adobe or wood. A 
full view of the noble Wahsatch Range is com- 



ROUTE No. 21.— FAR WESTERN: 276e 

manded from every portion of the town. Two 
wagon roads, leading southward and eastward to the 
mines and mountain settlements, enter the city at 
the eastward, through Emigrant and Parley Oafions. 
There is also stage connection from the City, for 
Provo, Fillmore, San Bernardino, and other towns 
in Lower California, and for Stochton and Rush 
Valley in the West. Salt Lake City, from its com- 
mencement, the home of the Mormon religion and 
ascendancy, is now growing to be a great mining 
exchange, its character becoming Gentilized and 
revolutionized. 

Among the most notable buildings in the city are 
the Talernacle, an immense, oval, round-roofed 
structure, with very large organ and wonderfully 
good acoustic properties, in which the denomi- 
national services of the Mormons are held ; the Old 
Tabernacle near the other, and much smaller, for use 
in winter ; the Bee Hive and Lion Houses of Brigham 
Young, standing near together, with the Eagle Gate 
between them ; the City Hall, a \ery creditable 
structure ; the Theatre, one of the most commodious 
in the West, and noted for the boxes devoted to 
President Brigham Young's extensive family ; the 
foundations of the Temple, near the Tabernacle ; 
some of the shops, with the " Z. C. M. I." (Zion's 
Co-operative Mercantile Institution) on their signs, 
showing the Mormon proclivities of the dealers. The 
principal business street is Mai7i or East Temple 
street. Visits may profitably be paid to Camp 



276/ SRORT-TRTP GUIDE. 

Douglas, the U. S. Military Station, three miles from 
the city, eastward, on a fine elevated plateau under 
the mountains; to the Cemetery ^ north -east of the 
city, and remarkable for being without shade ; to 
the Tithing Store, where the denominational dues are 
paid ; to Ensign Peak, for fine views : to the Warm 
Springs, the Hot Sjprings, the Canyons, etc., near 
the City. Hotels: the Walker (new), Salt Lakeaw^ 
Townsend. 
Keturn to Ogden for pursuance of route westward. 

Division E. 

DETOUE TO LAKE TAHOE. 

Yox this halt is made at Truckee (see that point 
in Division B); and the lying over of one train, or 
one day, will allow of a hurried visit to it, though 
much more time should be consumed. 

From Truckee by stage fifteen miles, along the 
banks of the bright little Truckee river the whole' 
distance, and over a very fair mountain road. An 
object of great interest is passed on the way, and 
should receive attention — the Talioe Fisheries, at 
which, in pools, fine trout of all sizes and ages may 
be seen, while in a building adjoining, the whole 
process of incubation is shown. 

Lake Tahoe (often called by Californians "Lake 
Bigler," and so officially named), is undoubtedly 
one of the most beautiful bodies of water in any land, 
as it is the highest-lying large lake in the world. It 
is thirty-two miles in length, by ten in breadth, and 



ROUTE NO. 21.— FAR WE8TERN. 376^ 

lies bosomed in the snow-clad Sierras, which inclose 
it on the east, south and west, noble pine forests 
forming the border. The water of the lake is won- 
dronsly clear and blue, so that, when in repose, fish 
and other objects can be readily discerned at a depth 
of thirty or forty feet. It is also very cold, but has 
the peculiarity of never freezing in winter — possibly 
on account of the depth, which has been found to be 
1,700 feet in the middle. 

There are two small but commodious steamboats 
on the lake, besides sail and row-boats ; and a variety 
of excursions, in these, to Cornelian and Emerald 
Bays, and other points of interest, may bo made ; or 
the whole lake may be ridden around by carriage, 
passing the same Bays, Lake Valley, Tahoe City, 
etc. Hotel : the Tahoe House. 

Eeturn to Truckee, for pursuing route by rail. 

Lake Bonner (much smaller than Tahoe, and seen 
from the rail) may also be reached from Truckee in 
a comparatively brief ride by carriage. 

Division F. 

TO THE BIG TEEES AKD YO-SEMITE VALLEY. 

For this double visit (the two great natural curi- 
osities lying in such directions that they should be 
taken in connection), several different routes offer 
themselves to the tourist. To the Yo-Semite, with- 
out the Calaveras Big Trees being always considered, 
three principal routes are in popular use, known as 



27C^ 8H0RT-TBIP GUIDE. 

the "Big Oak Flat/' the " Coulterville " and the 
*' Mai'iposa " routes. 

Big Oah Flat Route. 

The easiest route is considered to be the " Big Oak 
Flat." the upper or north route. For this, the point 
of departure is Stocktok, and the Big Trees of Cala- 
veras lie very nearly on the way to the Valley. 

Leave Stockton by cars of the Copperopolis road, 
to Peter s\ and (with change) to Milton. At Milton 
take stages for Murphy^ s (Hotel, at Murphy's Camp), 
reached the same night. Proceed next day, by stage, 
fifteen miles, to the 

Big Teee Groye of Calayeras, where the 
Sequoia gigantea may be seen in their matchless 
glory, largest of all the arboreal products of earth. 
In the Mammoth G-rove proper, there are nearly 100 
trees, amid other trees that would be gigantic else- 
where ; the heights of those standing ranging from 
180 to 350 feet, circumference from 30 to 93 feet ; 
estimated ages, from 1,400 to 2,500 years. Most of 
the largest are named after distinguished statesmen 
and generals. On the smoothed stump of one of the 
largest, now covered with a building, in front of the 
hotel, sixty persons have danced in a set ; and through 
the hollow remains of the fallen ''Father of the 
Forest," believed to have measured 420 feet in height, 
tail men walk erect and short ones ride on horse- 
back. The largest still standing erect, the " Mother 
of the Forest," is dead and naked of its salable bark, 



ROUTE NO. 21.—FAM WESTERN. 276i 

some portions of which measured 30 inches in thick- 
ness. (Hotel,, at the Calaveras Grove, the Mammoth 
Grove House.) 

Six miles distant from the Mammoth Grove 
(reached on horseback). is the South Orove^oi which 
some of th(^ trees are alleged to be larger than any 
of the others, while the number reaches over 1,300. 

Return to Murphy's from the Big Trees, and pro- 
ceed thence, next morning, by stage, to Sonora, 
Chinese Camp, Garote, Big Oah Flat, Hardin^s aiid 
Hodgdon's, to Hutchings^ (Hotel), in the Valley, two 
days being consumed in the transit from Murphy's, 
with only eighteen miles of saddle. This brings the 
now celebrated 

Yo-Semite Valley, on the Merced river, with 
scenery alleged to be more grand than any other on 
the globe, in many particulars. Special points 'of 
interest: El Capita7i, gigantic separated rock; the 
Three Brothers, also rocks ; the Bridal- Veil Fall, 
940 feet; the Royal Arches, rocks; the Great- Yose- 
mite Fall, in three leaps of 1,600, 434, and 600 feet; 
the North and South Domes, rocks ; Mirror LaJce ; 
and the stupendous but frightful view of the whole 
Valley, from Inspiration Point. (Depend upon 
guide, necessary and always in readiness, for route 
a^nd particulars.) Hotels at the Valley : Hutchings\ 
Lydig^s, and Blach^s. Proceed to Clark'' s, and thence 
make detour, a few miles, to the 

Big Trees of Mariposa, with no less than 437 
of the monsters, varying irom twenty to thirty-four 



276j 8E0RT-TRIP GUIDE. 

feet in diameter, and iYom 275 to 325 feet in height 
— many of them estimated to be 1,500 to 2,500 years 
old. 

Return may be made from the Valley, by the same 
route by which it was entered, with the exception of 
not returning to Murphy's, on the way back to 
Stockton, and thus shortening the ride. But, un- 
less special reasons offer for such a course, a greater 
variety of scenery will be secured, by adopting the 
reverse of one of the other following routes ; or, if 
the visitor has entered the Valley by either of the 
following, the same advantages, with the glance at 
the Big Trees, will be secured by coming out by the 
reverse of the preceding. 

CoulterviUe Route. 

*For this route, whether proceeding eastward or 
westward, the Central Pacific road is left at La- 
THBOP, cars being changed for Merced. Stage from 
Merced to CoulterviUe^ and to Golin^s Rancli^ at 
Crane's Flat. From Gobin's, saddle-train to BlacFs, 
in the Valley, with same features to be observed as 
those noted in the previous route, though some 
changes in the order of visiting them, from different 
points of arrival. This route is considered to have 
especial beauty in seen' ry along the route, as much 
of it lies along the dividing ridge between the Tuo- 
lumne and Merced rivers, giving fine views of the 
Sierra Nevada, the Coast Eange, San Joaquin Val- 
ley, etc. 



ROUTE NO. 21— FAR WESTERN. 376* 

Ma>riposa Route. 

This route, the southernmost, is identical with the 
Coulterville, in departure and detail, so far as Mer- 
ced^ by rail. Thence stage to 8nelUng^s, Hornitos, 
Bear Valley, White and Hatches, and Clarh and 
Moore's. Thence into the Valley, by saddle, some 
thirty miles — the distance on horseback being great- 
er than by any of the other routes, but with the ad- 
vantages claimed of bringing both the Mariposa Big 
Trees and the stupendous view from Inspiration 
Point, into more convenient access. 

Two additional routes have lately been opened, 
known as the Mokelumne Hill and Hamilton's New. 
For the former, stage from MoTcelumne Hill Station 
of the Central Pacific road, to the Calaveras Big 
Trees, and thence to the Yo-Semite Valley as by 
the Big Oak Flat route ; for the second, stage from 
the railroad station at Galt^ by lone City and Val- 
ley, Jackson, Mokelumne HilLand Railroad Flat, to 
the Big Trees ; and thence to the Yo-Semite as by 
the Big Oak Flat route. 

Division G. 

EXCURSION" TO THE GEYSERS 

Visit may be paid to the wonderful steam- springs, 
known as The Geysers, and considered as among 
the greatest of California curiosities — most conve- 
niently by the following route : 

Steamer from San Francisco (twice a day), or 
from Sacramento, to 



276j 8H0BT-TR1P GUIDE. 

feet in diameter, and fmm 275 to 325 feet in height 
— many of them estimated to be 1,500 to 2,500 years 
old. 

Return may be made from the Valley, by the same 
route by which it was entered, with the exception of 
not returning to Murphy's, on the way back to 
Stockton, and thus shortening the ride. But, un- 
less special reasons offer for such a course, a greater 
variety of scenery will be secured, by adopting the 
reverse of one of the other following routes; or, if 
the visitor has entered the Valley by either of the 
following, the same advantages, with the glance at 
the Big Trees, will be secured by coming out by the 
reverse of the preceding. 

CouUerville Route. ~ 

•For this route, whether proceeding eastward or 
westward, the Central Pacific road is left at La- 
THEOP, cars being changed for Merced. Stage from 
Merced to CouUerville^ and to Golin^s Rancli^ at 
Crane's Flat. From Gobin's, saddle-train to BlacFs, 
in the Valley, with same features to be observed as 
those noted in the previous route, though some 
changes in the order of visiting them, from different 
points of arrival. This route is considered to have 
especial beauty in seen' ry along the route, as much 
of it lies along the dividing ridge between the Tuo- 
lumne and Merced rivers, giving fine views of the 
Sierra Nevada, the Coast Eange, San Joaquin Val- 
ley, etc. 



ROUTE NO. 21— FAB WESTERN. 276k 

Mariposa Route. 

This route, the southernmost, is identical with the 
Coulterville, in departure and detail, so far as Mer- 
ced, by rail. Thence stage to Snelling^s, Hornitos, 
Bear Valley, White and Hatches, and Clark and 
Moore's, Thence into the Valley, by saddle, some 
thirty miles — the distance on horseback being great- 
er than by any of the other routes, but with the ad- 
vantages claimed of bringing both the Mariposa Big 
Trees and the stupendotTs view from Inspiration 
Point, into more convenient access. 

Two additional routes have lately been opened, 
known as the Mokelumne Hill and Hamilton's New. 
For the former, stage from Mokelumne Hill Station 
of the Central Pacific road, to the Calaveras Big 
Trees, and thence to the Yo-Semite Valley as by 
the Big Oak Flat route; for the second, stage from 
the railroad station at Gait, by lone City and Val- 
ley, Jackson, Mokelumne HilLand Railroad Flat, to 
the Big Trees ; and thence to the Yo-Semite as by 
the Big Oak Flat route. 

Division G. 

EXCURSION TO THE GETSEKS 

Visit may be paid to the wonderful steam-springs, 
known as The Geysers, and considered as among 
the greatest of California curiosities — most conve- 
niently by the following route : 

Steamer from San Francisco (twice a day), or 
from Sacramento, to 



2761 SHORT-TRIP QUIDS. 

Vallbjo, (pronounced " Val-lay-o"), [see "vv.,'* 
p. 276(^], important town on the Straits of Oarqui- 
nez, with Mare Island Navy Yard in the immediate 
neighborhood, and terminus of the California Paci- 
fic Eailway. Thence rail on the Napa Valley Eail- 
way, by Napa City (stage to Sonoma), St. Helena 
(stage to White Sulphur Springs), and minor towns, 
to 

Calistoga (whence conveyance to Galistoga Springs, 
Mount St. Helena, the Petrified Forest, etc.) From 
Calistoga, Foss' stages, daily, by Eay's Ranch, Grod- 
win's Peak (with fine and very extensive view over 
Russian River Yalley, the Coast Range and distant 
Pacific), and the picturesque ridge of Hog's Back, 
to the 

Oreat Geyser Canon and Springs, exhibiting some 
of the most startling phenomena in nature, in the 
wildness of the scenery, and the heat, varied mineral 
impregnation, and terrific force of outburst, of, the 
various springs included. Among the most notable 
exhibitions are those of the "Witches' Cauldron," 
throwing up mingled pitch and ink, with clouds of 
steam ; the " Steamboat G-eyser," throwing out steam 
of the most intense heat, with such force as to imi- 
tate the blowing off of the most powerful boiler; the 
" Scalding Steam Iron Bath ; " the " Mountain of 
Fire," with hundreds of vomiting fissures ; the " Al- 
kali Lake," the " Boiling Black Sulphur Springs," 
and many others that can only be intelligently or 
even safely visited under capable guidance — the 



ROUTE NO. 21— FAB WESTERN. 27«m 

whole maintaining, and well deserving, the reputa- 
tion of being one of the most interesting and alto- 
gether the most diabolicai, of the natural wonders of 
the continent. 

Division H. 

RETURN'IN'G EASTWARD FROM CALIFORKIA. 

Overland return from California must necessarily 
be made, until the completion of the Northern Paci- 
fic road, and that of the California and Oregon road, 
running northward to meet it at Portland — by the 
same route pursued in going westward to the Paci- 
fic, over the Central and Union Pacific roads, at least 
so far as Cheyenne, Wyoming Territory ; and the 
return ride will be by no means monotonous or with* 
out use, so many of the points passed over needing 
at leasi a second observation to measure them prop- 
erly. 

At Cheyenne, however (see "n," p. 274), much 
additional variety may be secured by taking the 
Denver Pacific road to 

Denver, capital of Colorado, as well as its com- 
mercial centre, with much beauty in location, a 
U. S. Branch Mint, magnificent views of the great 
snow-capped Colorado mountains from the rail, the 
city and neighborhood, and numerous rail and stage 
connections with all the great mining-centres of the 
territory, G-olden City, Central City, Boulder City, 
etc., and with New Mexico, Arizona, and the South- 
West. It is also from Denver that excursions may 



'276n b'HOBT-TBIP GUIDE. 

best be arranged, to the famous Parks of Colorado, 
to the best points of view of Pike's, Long's, the 
Spanish Peaks, etc*, among the grandest mountains 
of the central continent. 

From Denver the route eastward may be pursued, 
by the Kansas Pacific road, by Kit Carson, (Col.) 
Sheridan, Fort Hays, Brookville, Sahna (on th<^ 
Smoky Hill Fork of the Kansas), Junction City 
(connection with the Missouri, Kansas and Texas 
railway, southward), Manhattan, and other more-or- 
less important towns of Kansas — to Topeka, capital 
of that State, and Laturence, seat of the State Uni- 
versity, directly eastward, or by St. Joseph ("St. 
Joe") important town of Missouri, and old starting- 
point of the overland emigration — to St. Louis, for 
pursuance of any route eastward, northward or 
southward (see Eoute ISo. 14, p. 223.) 

[Of course, for the California-bound traveller 
finding himself previously at St. Louis, and desiring 
to traverse both routes, the course of this Division 
will be reversed so far as Cheyenne, and the route 
thence eastward to Omaha and Chicago, be taken on 
the return.] 



OFF-ROUTE AND MINOR PLACES. 
[towns and otheb places not indexed or mentioned 

IN ANT of the routes, OR WIl H OPTIONAL 
ROUTE HERE INDICATED.] 

Adrian (Mich.) by rail from Detroit. 

Afton (N^. Y.) on Albany and Susquehanna road, from 
Albany or Binghamton. 

Allentown (N. J.) from Trenton or Borden town. 

Amenia (N. Y.) Harlem railroad from New York. 

Amherst (Mass.) from New London by New London North- 
ern road. 

Ansonia (Ct.) from Bridgeport by Nangatuck road. 

Antietam [Battle Field] (Md.) from Harrisburg to Hagers- 
. towr ; or from Harper's Ferry. 

Appleton (Wis.) by rail from Milwaukie. 

Ashley Falls (Mass.) from Bridgeport by Housatonic road. 

Aspinwall (Isthmus, for California) from New York by 
Pacific Mail Steamers, 1st and 15th of every month. 

Ashlurnham (Mass.) from Fitchburg. 

Atchison (Kansas,) by rail from Kansas city, (see this list.) 

Aurora (N. Y.) on Cayuga Lake, (see this list.) 

Awn (N. Y.) by rail from Kochester or Batavia. 

Bainbridge (N. Y.) on Albany and Susquehanna road, from 
Albany or Binghamton 

Both (Me.) by rail from Portland. ^ 

BathC^. H.) from Wells River. 

Bath (N. Y.) on Buffalo Division of Erie road, from Batavia 
or Corning. 

Baton Bouge (La ) by steamer from New Orleans. 

Beaufort (S. C.) from Charleston. 

Bdfost (Me.) by rail from Waterville, (see this list.) 



278 8H0BT-TRIP GUIDE. 

Bennington (Vt.) by rail from Bellows Falls ; or from Cha^ 
ham Four Corners, (see this list.) 

Benicia (Cal.) by boat from San Francisco. 

Bethel (Me.) by rail from Portland or Gorbam. 

Bethel (Vt.) from White River Junction or Burlington. 

Bethlehem (N. H.) from Littleton. 

Beverly (Mass ) by rail from Salem. 

Bolton [and Falls] (Vt.) from Ridley's Station, (see this list.) 

Boonemlle (Mo.) by rail from Jefferson City, (see this list); or 
from St. Louis, by boat. 

Boonemlle (N. Y.) from Utica. 

Bowdoin College (Me.) at Brunswick, (see this list.) 

Bradford (Vt.) by rail from Wells River or White River 
Junction. 

Brandon (Vt.) by rail from Rutland or Burlington. 

Braintree (Mass.) from Boston by South Shore road. 

Bridgewater (Mass.) from Boston by Old Colony road. 

Bristol (Ct.) by rail from Waterbury, (see this list), or Provi- 
dence. 

Bristol (N. H.) from Concord by N. New Hampshire road. 

Bristol (R. I.) by rail from Providence. 

BrooJcfield, (Ct.) from Bridgeport by Housatonic road. 

Brun'iwick (Me.) by rail from Portland. 

Canaan (Ofc.) frooa Briigeport by Housatonic road. 

Cairo (N. Y.) by staee from Catskill. 

CaineVs Hump [Mountain] (Vt.) by carriage from Ridl^s 
Station, (see this list.) 

Canton (Mass.) by rail from Providence or Boston. 

Carlisle (Pa ) by rail from Harrisburg. 

CaseytMe (111.) by rail from St. Louis. 

Castine (Me.) by boat from Belfast, (see this list.) 

Carbondale (111.) by rail from Cairo. 

CeTvtralia (111.) by rail from Cairo or Chicago. 

Chateaugay Woods (N. Y.) from Rouse's Point, or from 
Plattsburs:. 



OFF- ROUTE AND MINOR PLACES. 279 

Chatham (N. J ) by Morris and Essex road from New York. 
Ghaiham (N. Y.) Harlem railroad from New York, or Boston 

and Albany road from Boston. 
GhaHemont (Mass.) from North Adams*. 
Charleston (S. C.) from Ne w York by steamers twice a week 

or oftener. 
Cheat Biver (W. Ya.) by rail from Wheeling ; or from Harp- 
er's Ferry. 
Cheshire (Ct.) from New Haven by Northampton road. 
Chester (Vt.) by rail from Bellows Falls. 
Ghicnpee (Mass.) by rail Irom Springfield. 
Chilicoth^ (0.) by rail from Cincinnati. 
Cirdemlle (O.) by rail from Cincinnati or Zanesrille. 
Clarendon [SpriTigs] (Vt.) by stage from Rutland. 
Clarksburg (W. Va.) by rail from Harper's Ferry ; or from 

Wheeling by Grafton. 
Clifton Springs (N. Y.) on Auburn Branch of New York 

Central road, from Syracuse or Rochester. 
Coatesmlle (Pa.) from Philadelphia by Pennsylvania Central 

road. 
Gollinsville (Ct.) from New Haven by Northampton road. 
Cooperstown (N. Y.) by Susquehanna road from Albany. 
Crawfordsville (Ind.) by rail from Indianapolis. 
Crooked Lake (N. Y.) from Penn Yan, (see this list.) 
Groton Falls (N. Y.) Harlem railroad from New York. 
Dalles of St. Louis River (Minn.) by rail from St. Paul or Du« 

luth. 
Banhury (Ct.) from Norwalk. 

Danielsonville (Ct.) by rail from New London or Worcester. 
Deal (N. J.) from Long Branch. 
Deerjield [and South] (Mass ) by rail from Northampton, (see 

this list.) 
Delaware (O.) by rail from Columbus. 
Derby (Ct.) from Bridgeport by Naugatuck road. 
Dexter (Me.) bv rai I from Bangor. 



280 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

Dover Plains (N. Y.) Harlem railroad from New York. 

Downington (Pa.) from Philadelphia by Pennsylvania Cen- 
tral road. 

Eastham'pton (Mass.) from New Haven by Williarngburg 
road. 

Eastpori (Me.) by steamer from Boston and from St. John's 
N. B. 

Eatontown (N. J.) by New Jersey Southern road from New 
York; or from Long Branch. 

Effingham (Ind.) by rail from Terre Haute or St. Louis. 

Englewood (N. J ) from New York by Northern New Jersey 
road. 

Essex Junction (Vt.) from Burlington. 

Falls Village (Ct.) from Bridgeport by H >usatonic road. 

Farmingdale (N. J.) by New Jersey Southern road (boat and 
rail) from New York. 

Fitchhurg (Mass.) by rail from Boston. 

Fitzwilliam (N. H.) by rail from Fitchburg, Mass. 

Flint (Mich.) by rail from Detroit. 

Florence (Ma'^s.) from New Haven by Williamsl-iurg road. 

FousMng (L I.) from New York by 34th street ferry and 
Flushing railroad. 

Fond du Lac (Wis.) by rail from Milwaukie or Duluth. 

Fort William (Canada), by boat from Duluth. 

Foxborough (Mass.) by rail from Providence or Boston. 

Franklin (Ind.) by rail from Indianapolis. 

Franldin (N. H.) from Concord by Northern New Hamp- 
shire road. 

Freehold (N. J.) from New York by Camden and Amboy or 
New Jersey roads, by Jamesburg ; or from Long Branch. 

Oalveston (Texas), by steamer from New Orleans. 

Gardiner (Me.) by rail from Portland. 

Gettysburg (Pa.) by rail from Harrisburg, by York. 

Olasshoro (N. J.) by rail from Camden. 

GloHcefiter (Mass.) by rail from Salem. 



OFF-EOUTE AND MINOB PLAGES. 281 

Orafton (N. H.) from Concord by N. New Hampshire road. 
Great Barrington (Mass.) from Bridgeport by Housatonic 

road. 
Oreensburg (Pa.) from the Pennsylvania Central road at 

Blairsville. 
Greenfield (Mass.) from New Haven, by Northampton. 
Greenport (Long Island), from New York by Long Island 

road. Jfc 

Greenwich (Ct.) from New York by New Haven road. 
Eaekensack (N. J.) by Erie road from New York. 
Hadley (Mass.) from Norihampton, (see this list.) 
Hagerstown (Md.) by rail from Baltimore, or Harrisburg by 

Chambersburg. 
Hamilton (O.) by rail from Cincinnati. 
Hammondsport (N". Y.) on Crooked Lake, (see this list.) 
Hannibal (Mo.) by rail from Springfield, 111. ; or by rivei 

from St. Louis. 
HauODer (N. H.) from White River Junction. 
Havana (Cuba) from New York by Atlantic Mail Steam- 
ers, every Thursday ; and by Vera Cruz Steamers, every 

10 days. 
Haydenmlle, (Mass.) from New Haven by Williamsburg road, 
Highgate Springfi (Vt. ) from Rouse's Point. 
Hingham (Mass.) from Boston by South Shore road. 
Hinsdale (Vt.) opposite Brattleboro. 
Holmdel (N. J.) by steambcat from New York to Keyport 

(see this list,) thence by stage. 
Holydke (Mass.) by rail from Springfield. 
Honesdale (Pa.) by rail from Lackawaxen, on Erie Road. 
Hoosae Tunnel (Mass.) from North Adams. 
Housatonic (Mass.) from Bridgeport by Housatonic road. 
Houston (Texas) by rail from Galveston (see this list.) 
Howe's and BalVs Caves (N. Y.) from Schoharie (see this list.) 
Ipswich (Mass.) by rail from Salem. 
Tsle Boyal (Mich.) by boat from Duluth 



383 SHORT-TRIP OUIBE. 

Ithncii (IST. Y.) on Cayuga Lake (see this list,) 

Jacksonville (Florida) from Savannah. 

Jacksormlle (111.) by rail from Springfield. 

Jamaica (Long Island) from New York by Long Island road 

Jefferson City (Mo.) by rail from St. Louis. 

Joiiesboro (111.) by rail from Cauro. 

Kane (Pa.) from Ridgeway or Irvineton, on Philadelphia and 

#■ Erie road. 
Kansas Gity, (Mo.) by rail from St. Louis, or from Omaha. 
Kea/rsarge Mountain (N. H.) from Concord by Northern 

New Hampshire road. 
Keene (N. H.) by rail from Fitchburg or Bellows Falls. 
Kenoska (Wis.) by rail from Chicago. 
Kent (Ct.) from Bridgi^port by Housatonic road. 
Keyport (N. J.) by steamboat from New York. 
KilUngton Peak (Vt.) from Rutland. 

Knightstown (Ind.) by rail from Dayton (O.) or Indianapolis. 
Lafayette (lud.) by rail from Logansport. 
Lake Bunmore (Vt.) by stage from Brandon (see this list.) 
Lake Luzerne (N. Y.) from Saratoga. 
Lake Pleasant (N. Y.) from Amsterdam, New York Central 

road. ^ 
Lake Temisconata (Canada) from Riviere du Loup by Grand 

Portage road. 
Lake Umhagog (Me.) from Gorham, N. H. 
Lambertville (N. J.) from Trenion by Belvidere Delaware 

road. 
Lancaster (O.) by rail from Columbus or Zanesville. 
Lawrence, (Kansas) from Kansas City (see this list). 
Lawrenceburg (Ind.) by rail from Circinnati. 
Leavenworth (Kansas), by rail from Kansas City (see this list.) 
Lehanon (N. H.) from White River Junction. 
Lee (Mass.) from Bridgeport by Housatonic road. 
Lehigh Water-Gap and LeMghton (Pa.) from Easton by Le^ 

liigh Valley roaci . 



OFF-BO UTE AND MINOR PLACES. 283 

Lenox (Mass.) from Bridgeport by Housatonic road ; or from 
Albany by Boston and Albany road to Pittsfield. 

Lexington (Mo.) by rail from Sedalia and Jefferson City (see 
this list). 

Litchfield, (Ct.) from Bridgeport by Naugatuck road. 

Little Bock (Ark.) by rail from Memphis, Tenn. 

Logan (O.) by rail from Columbus. 

London (0 ) by rail from Springfield. 

Long Branch (N. J.) route opening, and to all other places in 
near connection, by " All Rail Route," from Rahway on 
the New Jersey road. 

Ludlow (Vt.) by rail from Bellows Falls. 

MackiTiaw (Mich.) from Detroit, by boat. 

Manchester (Ct.) by rail from Hartford. 

Manchester (N. J.) by New Jersey Southern road from New 
York. 

Manchester (Vt.) by rail from Rutland. 

Mansfield (Ct.) by rail from Hartford or Providence. 

Marblehead (Mass.) by rail from Salem. 

Marietta (O ) by rail from Wheeling. 

Martha^ s Vineyard (Mass.) by steamer from New Bedford, 

Martinshurg (W. Va.) by rail from Harper's Ferry. 

Martinsville (Ind.) by rail from Indianapolis. 

Massena Springs (Canada), from Louisville, on the St. Law- 
rence, near Prescott. 

Matawan (N. J.) by steamboat from New York to Keyport 
(see this list), thence by stage. 

Mauch Chunk (P^t.) fro si Easton by Lehigh Valley road. 

May smile (Ky.) by rail, or the Ohio river from Cincinnati. 

Meadmlle (Pa.) from Corry, Oil-Regions. 

Medford (Mass.) from Boston by Lowell road. 

Middleboro (Mass.) from Boston by Old Colony road. 

Middlelurg (Vt.) by rail from Burlington. 

Middletown (N. J.) by New Jersey Southern road (boat and 
rail) from New York. 



284 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

MidcUetown (Pa.) from Harrisburg. 

Milford (Ct.) from New York by New Haven road. 

Milford (O.) by rail from Columbus. 

Minnesota Lakes (Minn.) from St. Paul. 

Missisquoi Springs (Vt.) from St. Albans, by stage. 

Mitcliell (Ind.) by rail from Louisville. 

Mound City [and Mounds'] (111.) by rail from Cairo. 

Monroe (Micli.) by rail from Detroit. 

Montpelier (Vt.] from Burlington. 

Mount Desert [and Rock and Island] (Me.) b / steamer from 

Boston, Portland or Bangor. 
Mount Diablo (Cal.) from San Francisco, by San Francisco 

and Oregon Railway, and connections. 
Mount Holly (N. J.) by rail from Camden or Burlington. 
Mount Holyoke (Mass.) from Northampton, (see this list.) 
Mount Katalidin (Me.) by stage from Bangor ; or partially by 

rail from same place. 
Mount Mansfield (Vt.) by carriage from Waterbury, (see this 

list.) 
Mount Tom (Mass.) from Northampton, (see this list.) 
Mount Vernon (N. Y.) from New York by New Haven 

road. 
Mount Vernon (O.) by rail from Newark. 
Nantucket (Mass.) by steamer from New Bedford. 
Narragansett Pi&r (R. I.) from Kingston, on Stonington and 

Providence road. 
Nassau (New Providence) from New York, by Atlantic Mail 

steamers, irregularly. 
New Britain (Ct.) by rail from Waterbury (see this list) or 

Providence. 
Newburg (O.) by rail from Cleveland. 
Newburg (Vt.) by rail fr'om Wells River. 
New Egypt (N. J.) by rail from Hightstown, Mt. Holly or 

Burlington. 
New Milford (Ct.) from Bridgeport by Housatonio road. 



OFF-ROUTE AND MINOR PLAGES. 286 

New Monmouth (N. J.) by New Jersey Southern road (boat 

and rail) from New York. 
New Orleans (La.) from New York by steamers, every Satur 

day or ottener. 
New Philadelphia (O.) by rail from Pittsburg. 
New Rochelle (N. Y.) from New York by New Haven road. 
Newtown^ (L. I.) from New York by 34th street ferry and 

Flushing railroad. 
Norfolk (Va.) from New York by steamer, every Saturday or 

oftener. 
Normal (111.) by rail from Chicago. 
North Adam^ (Mass.) from Bridgeport by Housatonic road, 

or from Boston, Albany or Troy by Troy and Boston 

roaa. 
North Derby (Vt.) from Lenoxville, Canada, by Massiwippi 

road. 
NoTtTmmpton, (Mass.) by rail from New Haven. 
Northfield (Mass.) from New London by New London Northern 

road. 
Northfield (Vt.) from Bm-lington. 
Northwm^erland (Pa.) from Harrisburg by Northern Centra] 

road. 
Norwich (Vt.) by rail from White River Junction. 
Oceanport (N. J.) by New Jersey Southern road from Ne\9 

York ; or Irom Long Branch. 
Oshh sJi ( Wis.) by rail from Milwaukie. 
Otsego Lake (N. Y.) by Susquehanna road from Albany. 
Otter Creek Falls (Vt.) from Vergennes (see this list.) 
Oxford (Me.) by rail from Portland. 
Oxford (O.) by rail from Cincinnati. 
Owasco Lake (N. Y.) from Auburn (see this list.) 
Parkesburg (Pa.) from Philadelphia by Penn. Central road. 
Parkersburg^ (W. Va.) by rail from Wheeliug, or from Colum- 
bus, O. 
Passumpdc (Vt.) by rail from Wells River. 
Phcenixville (Pa.) from Philadelphia by Reading road. 



iSQ 8H0BT-TBIP GUIDE. 

Patclwgue (Long Island) from New York by South Side road 
Pemherton (N. J.) by rail from Hightstown, or from Camden, 

Burlington, or Long Brancb. 
Penn Tan (N. Y.) by Northern Central road, from Elmira. 
Perth Amhoy, (N. J.) from Rahway, by rail. 
Peru (Ind.) by rail from Logansport. 
Pittsfield (Mass.) from Bridgeport by Housatonic road, or from 

Albany or Boston by Boston and Albany road. 
Piedmont (W. Va.) by Bait, and Ohio road from Harper's 

Ferry. 
Piitsford (Vt.) by rail from Rutland. 
Piqua (O.) by rail from Columbus. 
Plainmlle (Ct.) from New Haven by Northampton road. 
Pontiac (111.) by rail from Chicago. 
Pontiac (Mich.) by rail from Detroit. 
Port Huron (Mich.) by rail from Detroit. 
Port Kent (N. Y.) by boat on Lake Cbamplain, going to or 

from Burlington, Yt. 
Pottsville (Pa.) from Reading. 
Poultney (Yt.) by rail from Rutland. 
Putney (Yt ) by rail from Bellows Falls. 
Quincy (Mass.) from Boston by Old Colony road. 
Eacquette Regions (N. Y.) in connection with Adirondacks 

from Crown Point. 
Bavenna (O.) by rail from Cleveland. 
EeadviUe (Mass.) by rail from Providence or Boston. 
Red Ba-"k (N. J.) by JNew Jersey Southern road (boat and 

rail) from New York. 
Ricemlle (N- J.) by New Jersey Southern road from New 

York. 
Richfield Springs (N. Y.) from Sharon Springs ; or from Utica 

or Binghamton by the Utica, Chenango and Susquehan- 
na road. 
Richmond (Ind.) by rail from Xenia or Indianapolis. 
Ridley s Station (Yt.) from Essex Junction, (see this list.) 



OFF ROUTE AND MINOR PLAGES. 287 

Richmond (Va.) from New York by steamer every Saturday 
or oftener. 

Rio Janiero (Brazil) from New York by United States and 
Brazil steamers, 23rd of every month. 

Rockmlle (Ct.) by rail from Hartford. 

RockvUU (Ind.) by rail from Terre Haute. 

Royalton [and South'] (Vt.) from White River Junction. 

Sacketfg Harbor (N. Y.) by rail from Rome, on New York 
Central road. 

Saginaw (Mich.) [and East] by rail from Detroit. 

Salem (Ind ) by rail from Louisville. 

Salem (N. J ) by rail from Camden. 

Salem (N. Y.) by Troy and Boston road, from Troy. • 

Salisbury (Ct.) from Bridgeport by Housatonic road. 

Salisbury [East and BeacJi] (Mass.) by rail from Salem. 

San Francisco (Cal.) from New York by Pacific Mail steam- 
ers, 1st and 15th of every month. 

San Rafael and San Quentin (Cal.) by boat from San Fran- 
cisco, and horse. 

Sault Ste. Marie (Mich.) [Rapids and Canal], by boat from De- 
troit. 

Satwiinah (Ga.) from New York by steamer several times a 
week. [Connection for Florida cHies.} 

SchoMrie (N. Y.) on Albany and Susquehanna road, from 
Albany or Binghamton. 

Schuylkill Haven (Pa.) from Reading. 

Scotch Plains (N. J.) by New Jersey Central road from New 
York. 

Sedbrook (N. H.) from Boston or Portsmouth. 

Sedalia (Mo.) by rail from St. Louis. 

Seneca Lake (N. Y.) on Auburn Branch of New York Ceu 
tral road, from Syracuse or Rochester. 

Seymour (Ct.) from Bridgeport by Nangatuck road. 

Shark River (N. J.) by New Jersey Southern road from New 
York. 



288 8H0RT-TRIP GUIDE, 

Sha/ron (Vt.) from White River Junction, 

Sheboygan (Wis.) by rail from Milwaukie. 

STielburne N. H. from Gorham. 

Shelburne Falls (Mass.) from North Adams. 

SJielbymtte (Ind.) by rail from Indianapolis. 

SJieffield (Mass.) from Bridgeport by Housatonic road. 

Sheffield (Pa.) from Ridgeway or Irvineton, on Philadelphia 

and Erie road. 
Shrewsbury (N. J.) by New Jersey Southern road from New 

York. 
SkeneateUs (N. Y.) on Auburn Branch of New York Central 

road, from Syracuse or Rochester. 
Sorel (Canada), by steamer from Quebec. 
South Hadley (Mass.) by rail from Springfield. 
South Paris (Me.) by rail from Portland. 
Squan [Beach'] (N. J.) by New Jersey Southern road from 

New York to Shark River ^ thence stage 
Squankum (N. J.) by New Jersey Southern road from New 

York. 
Stafford (Ct ) by rail from Hartford or Providence. 
Stanstcad (Canada), from Newport, Lake Memphremagog, or 

from Lennoxville. 
St. Augustine (Florida), from Savannah, Qa. 
St. GhofrUs (Mo.) by rail from St. Louis. 
Sterling (Ct.) by rail from Hartford. 
Stillwater (Minn.) from St. Paul. 
St. John Falls (Canada), from Riviere du Loup or from 

Cacouna. 
St. j0hnsburg (Vt.) by rail from Wells River. 
Stockbridge [and West] (Mass.) from Bridgeport by Housa- 
tonic 1 oad. 
Stratford (Ct.) from New York by New Haven road. 
St. TJwmas (W. 1 ) from New York by Brazil steamers, 23d 

of every month. 
Sunbury (Pa.) from Harrisburg by Northern Central road. 



OFF-ROUTE AND MINOR PLAGES. 289 

Superior City (Wis.) by boat from Detroit or Chicago. 
Sutherland Falls (Vt.) by rail from Rutland. 
Terryville (Ct.) by rail from Waterbury (see this list) or Pro- 
vidence. 
Thetford (Vt.) by rail from White River Junction. 
Thompson (Ct.) by rail from New London or Worcester. 
Tliunder Bay (Lake Superior) by boat from Duluth. 
Ti-ffin (O.) by rail from Sandusky. 
Tolland (Ct.) by rail from Hartford or Providence. 
Tom' a River (N. J.) by New Jersey Southern road f'-om New 

York. 
Topeka (Kansas) from Kansas city (see this list.). 
Troy (0.) by rail from Dayton. 
TJrhana (O.) by rail from Columbus. 
Valley Forge (Pa.) from Philadelphia, or from Reading. 
Yandalia (Ind.) by rail from St. Louis. 
Van Deutenville (Mass.) from Bridgeport by Housatonio 

road. 
Vera Cruz (Mexico), from New Tork by Mexican mail steaBb 

ers, every 10 days. 
Vergennes (Vt.) by rail from Burlington. 
Vicksburg (Misa.) by river from New Orleans; or rail from 

Jackson. 
Waltham (Mass.) from Boston by Fitchburg road. 
Warren (O.) by rail from Cleveland. 
Warren (R. L) by rail from Providence. 
Warren (Pa.) from Ridgeway or Irvineton, on Philadelphia 

and Erie road. 
Waterbury (Ct.) from Bridgeport by Nangatuck road. 
Wotertown (Mass.) from Boston by Fitchburg road. 
Watermlle (Ct.) by rail from Waterbury, (see this list,) or v^'*. 

Providence. 
Watermlle (Me.) by rail from Portland by Augusta. 
Watkins Glen (N. Y.) from Elmira, Erie road. 
Waukegan (111.) by rail from Chicago. 



290 SHOBT-TBIP GUIDE. 

'W^iukesha (Wis.) by rail from Milwaukee. 

WelUviUe (O) by Ohio river from Pittsburg. 

West Burke (Vt ) by rail from Wells River. 

Westjield (Mass.) from New Haven by Williamsburg road. 

Westminster (Vt.) by rail from Bellows Falls. 

West Bandolph (Vt.) from White River Junction or Burling 

ton 
Weymouth (Mass.) from Boston by South Shorn road. 
White Plains (N. Y.) Harlem railroad irom New York. 
Wilkesbarre (Pa.) from Easton by Lehigh Valley. 
Williamsburg (Mass.) from New Haven by W. road. 
WUUamstown (Mass.) from Albany, Troy or Boston, by Troj 

and Boston road. 
Williston (Vt.) from Essex Junction. 
Willoughhy Lake (Vt.) from West Burke, (see this list.) 
Wilmington (O.) by rail from Cincinnati. 
Winstead (Ct.) from Bridgeport by Nangatuck road. 
Wohurn [East] (Mass.) from Boston by Lowell road. 
Wolcotville (Ct.) from Bridgeport by Nangatuck road. 
Woodbury (N. J.) by rail from Camden. 
Woodstock (Vt.) from White River Junction. 
Woodbridge (N. J.) from Rahway, by rail. 
Woonsocket (R. I.) by rail from Providence or Worcester. 
Wyandotte (Kansas,) opp. Kansas city (see this list). 
Wyandotte (Mich.) from Detroit. 
Wyoming (Minn.) by rail from St. Paul. 
Wyoraing Valley (Pa.) from Scranton, by the Lackawanna 

and Bloomsburg road. 
Tankton (Dacotah), by the Missouri river from Sioux city 
Yellow Springs (O.) by rail from Xenia or Cincinnati. 
York (Pa.) by rail from Harrisburg. 



INDEX. 



[PLACES AND ROUTES. FOR PLACES THEMSELVES, SEE FIGURES IN HEAT? 
TYPE ; FOR PLACES NOT FOUND IN THIS INDEX, SEE " OFF- 
ROUTE AND MINOR PLACES," PRECEDING.] 



AC;ipulco, Mex., 273. 
Adironaack Mountains, 97, 100. 
Adrian, Mich., 227, 235. 
Akron, OMo, 210. 
Alameda (and Warm Springs), 

Cal., 271, 273. 
Albany. N. Y., 70. 
Albion, Micli., 235. 
Albion, N. Y , 77. 
Alexandria, Va., 183, 185, 195. 
Alkali, Neb., 269. 
Alkgheny Cily, Pa., 200. 
Alleghenj^ Mountains, 199. 
Allegheny Springs, Va., 195. 
Aili ntown. Pa., 208. 
Alliance, 0., 210. 
Altoona. Pa., 199. 
Alton Bay. N. H , 125, 129. 
AKou, IlL, 224, 239, 261, 263. 
Alton, N H., 129. 
Amador, Cal., 274. 
Araherst, Maps., 139. 
Ammonoosuc Pails, N. H., 134. 
Anchorage, Ky., 217. 
Andover, North, Mass, 124. 
Annapolis JunctiOFi, Md., 171. 
Annapolis, Md., 168, 171. 
Ann Arbor, Mich., 235. 
Appomattox, Va., 195. 
Aquia Creek, Va., 183, 185. 
Argenta, Nev., 272. 
Arlington House, Va., 182. 
Arnprior. Can., 243. 
Acthabasca (.iuiictlonl, Can,, 128, 

251. 
Ashland, Iowa, 263. 
Ashland. Ky.. 217. 
Aspen, Utah, 271. 
Aspinwail, Cent. Amer., 273. 
Athena. N. Y.. 70. 



Athens, O., 203. 
Atlanta, Ga., 191. 
Atlantic, Iowa, 264. 
Atlantic City, N. J., 150, 160- 
Attleboro, Mass., 110. 
Auburn, Cal.. 273. 
Auburn, N. Y., 76. 
AUGUSTA, Ga., 191. 
Augufta, Me., 127. 
Au Sable River, N. Y., 100. 
Austin, Iowa, 238, 261, 262. 
Austin, Nev., 269. 
Australia (to), 273. 



Ballston Spa, N. Y.,91. 

BALTIMORE, Md., 164, 198, 201— 

Fort McHenry, 165 — Monu- 
ment-*. 165 — Streets, 165— 
Public Buildings, 166— Churches 
166— Lit. Inst., 166— Theatres, 
167— Hotels, 167— Cemeteries, 
167— Excursions, 168 — Longer 
Excursions, 168, 169, 170. 

Bangor, Me., 127. 

Barrytown, N. Y., 68. 

Batavia, N. Y., 77. 

Bathurst, N. B., 260. 

Battle Creek, Mich., 235. 

Battle Mountain, Nev., 272. 

Bay City, Mich., 240. 

Beauport, Can., 253. 

Beavertou, Can., 242. 

Becancour, Can., 128. 

Bedford Springs, Pa., 199. 

Bel Air, Md , 168. 

BcUo Air, 0., 202. 

Belleville. Can., 243. 

Bellows Falls, Vt., 140. 

Belmont, Mo., 220. 

Belmont, Nev., 269. 



292 



INDEX. 



Beloit, Wis., 238. 

Bergen Point, N. J., 68, 149, 206. 

Bergen Tunnel, N. J., 83. 

Berlin, Can., 232, 242. 

Bethlehem, N. H.,134. 

Bethlehem, Pa., 208. 

Beverley, N. J., 150. 

BiddeiOrrt, Me., 125. 

Big Oak Flat Route, Gal., 276^ 

Big Trees of Calaveras, Cal., 276a. 
276A. 

Big Trees of Mariposa, Cal., 2761 

Big Tunnel, Va , 195. 

Binghamton, N. Y., 76, 87. 

Bird's Point, Mo., 221. 

Birmingham, Pa., 200 

Bismarck, Mo., 221. 

Bitter Creek, Wyo„ 271. 

Black River, Can., 128. 

Bladensburg, Md., 171. 

Blairsville, Pa., 200. 

Bloody Pond, N. Y., 95. 

Bloomington, 111., 224, 261, 262, 
263 

Bloomsbury, N. J., 207. 

Boca, Cal., 273. 

Boise City, Idaho, 268, 269. 

Bonsack's, Va., 195. 

Boone, Iowa, 262. 

Boonton, N. J., 228. 

Bordentown, N. J., 148, 150, 
160. 

Boston, 107, lio, 116, 251— 
Streets, 117— Public Grotuds, 
117 — Antiquities, 117 — Public 
Buildings, 118— Monuments, 119 
—Churches, 119 —Libraries and 
Lit. Inst., 119— Theatres, 120— 
Hotels, 120— Excursions, 120 — 
Harvard University, 120— Wash- 
inuton Head Quarters, 121 — 
Mount Auburn Cemetery, 121— 
Longer Excursions, 121, 122. 

Both well. Can., 232. 

Bound Brook, N. J., 206. 

Bowling Green, Ky., 219. 

Bowmanville, Can , 242. 

Brhdlord, Mass., 124. 

Branch Intersection. Pa., 198. 

Branchville, S. C, 191. 

Brandywlne CH-eek, Pa., 162. 

Cr&ttleboi-o, Vt , 140. 

Breckenridge, Minn., 239. 

Bridgeport. Ct., 103. 

Bridgeton, N. J., 150, 159. 

r.righton, Cal., 274. 

?<righton, Mass., 107. 



Bristol, Pa., U8. 
Bristol, Tenn., 195. 

Brockport, N. Y., 77 

Brockviile, Can., 24b. 

Brooklyn connection with New 
York)— Streets, 47 — Churches, 
50— I'ublic Buildings, 51— Hotels 
53— Theatres, 54 — Churches for 
Service, 54 — Public Grounds, 55, 
57— Prospect Park, 57 — Green- 
wood Cemetery, 57— Excursions 
57, 58— Navy Yard, 58 

Brown's, Can., 246. 

Brown University, 109, 

Bryan, Wyo., 271. 

Buckingham, Can., 246. 

Bucyrus, 0. , 210. 

Budd's Lake, N. J., 60, 228. 

Buffalo, N. Y., 89, 232, 234, 
240. 

Buford, Wyo, 270. 

Bull Run (Battle-fleld), Va., 183. 

Bulstrode, Can., 128, 251. 

Bureau, 111., 263. 

Burkevilie (Junction), Va., 195. 

Burlington, Iowa, 215, 238, 239, 
261,263,264. 

Burlington, N. J.. 150, 160. 

Burlington, Vt., 100, lOl, 140. 

Bush River Bridge, Md., 164 

r. 

Cacouna, Can., 255. 
Cairo, 111., 194, 205, 216, 220. 
Caldwell, N. Y.. 95. 
Caledonia, N, Y., 77. 
Caledonia Springs, Can., 246. 
Calilornia Junction, Iowa, 264, 265. 
Caliicoon, N. Y., 86. 
Calistoga (Springs), Cal., 276?. 
Camden, N. J., 148, 160, 159. 
Camel's Hump Mountain, Vt., 100. 
Canandaigua, N. Y., 77. 
Canton, 0., 210. 
Cape Cod, Mass., 122. 
Cape Elizabeth, Me., 125. 
Cape Mav,N. J., 150. 160. 
Cape Rouge, Can., 253. 
Cape Vincent, N. Y., 243. 
Carbon, WvO., 266. 
Can^ondale, Pa., 270. 
Carillon, C .n., 246. 
Carletou Place, Can., 243, 245. 
Carlin, Nev., 272. 
Carlisle, Pa , 198. 
Carson, Nev., 269. 



INDEX. 



393 



Carter, Utah, 271. 
Cascade Bridge, N. Y., 87. 
Casey, Iowa; 26J:. 
Castie Rock, Utali, 271. 
CastletoLi, N. Y., 70. 
Castleton, Vt.. 101. 
Catawissa, Pa., 209. 
Catskill Landing, N. Y., 68. 
Catskill Mountain House, 69. 
Cavo City, Ky., 218. 
Cayuga, N. Y,, 77. 
Cellar Rapids, Iowa, 215, 238, 261, 

263. 
Central City, Col., 266. 
Centre Harbor, N. H., 102, 130, 

138. 
Chambersburg, Pa., 183, 198. 
Champaign, III., 224. 
Charles City, Iowa, 238. 
Charlesion, Mo., 221. 
Charleston, S. C, 188, 189. 
Charlotte, N. Y., 77. 
Ohanotte Town, P. E. I., 259. 
Charlottesville, Va., 183, 195. 
Chatham, Can., 232. 
Chattanoo,^a, Tenn., 191, 196. 
Chaudiere, Junction, Can., 128, 

254, 255, 256. 
Chaudiere Falls, Can., 244, 253. 
Chelsea, Mass., 122. 
Clienoa, 111., 224. 
Cherry Valley, N. Y., 74. 
Chester,N. J., 228. 
Chester, Pa., 162. 
Chester, Va., 186. 
Cheyenne, Wyo., 270, 274. 
Chicago, 111., 201, 205, 212» 220, 

223, 225, 227, 234, 236, 238, 239. 
Chicamauga, Tenn., 196. 
China (to), 273. 
Chinese Camp, Cal., 274. 
Cincinnati, O., 201, 202, 204, 

205, 210, 216, 221, 223, 227. 
Claremont, Vt., 140. 
Clearfield, Pa., 199. 
Clevelan<J, 0., 201, 202, 203, 205, 

210, 216, 226, 240. 
Clinton, Iowa, 261. 
Clyde, N. Y., 77. 
Clyde, ()., 227. 
Coal Regions of Pennsylvania, 

207, 298. 229. 
Coatesville, Pa., 197. * 

Cobiirg, Can., 242. 
Cohoes Falls, N. Y, 71. 
Colborne, Can., 243. 
Cold Spring. N. Y., 66. 



Colfax, Cal., 273. 
Collins' Bay, Can., 243. 
Colmar, Iowa, 238. 
Coloma, Cal., 270. 
Columnia, Ind., 211. 
Columbia, Pa., 198. 
Columbia, S. C, 188, 191. 
Columbia Springs (route to), 70. 
Columbus, Ky., 220. 
Columbus, 0., 202, 210, 227. 
Columbu**, Neb., 269. 
Communipaw, N. J., 206. 
Como, Ca;:., 247. 
Coney Island, N. Y., 58. 
Concord, Mass., 123, 136. 
concord, N. H., 124, 125, 137. 
Conemau-gh Station. Pa., 199. 
Contra Costa, Cal., 273. 
Conway, N. H., 102, 129, 131, 

138 
Conway Valley, N. H., 130. 
Cooperetown, N, Y.. 74. 
Cormne, Utah, 272. 
Corning, N.Y., 77, 88. 
Cornwall Landing, N. Y., 66. 
Corry, Pa., 89, 198, 226, 230. 
Coshocton, O., 202, 227. 
Council Bluffs, Iowa, 268, 264. 
Covington, Ky., 204, 217. 
Coxsackie, N. Y.. 70. 
Coultersville Route, Cal., lUj, 
Crawford House. N. H., 133. 
Cresson, Pa., 199. 
Cres'line, 0., 210. 
Creston, Wyo., 271. 
Crisfleld. Md., 163. 
Croton River, N. Y., 63. 
Culpepper, Va., 183. 
Cumberland, Md., 170, 201. 

D. 

Danvers, No., Mass., 124. 
Danville, Can., 128. 
Danville Junction, Me., 127. 
Darien, Ct., 103. 
Davenport, Iowa. 239, 263. 
Dayton, O., 204, 210, 211, 227. 
DelaAvare Water (iap. 60, 160, 

207, 229. 
Dennison, 0., 202. 
Denver, Col., 274, 276m. 
Deposit. N. Y., 86. 
Des Moines, lov*'a,215, 262, 264. 
Detroit, Biich., 210, 211, 216, 227, 

233, 240. 
Devil's Gate ntah. 271. 



294 



INDEX. 



Dexter, 1 wa, 264. 
Dixon, m, 261. 
Dobbs Ferry, N. Y., 63. 
Dorsev. Md., 171. 
Doucet's Landing, Can., 128. 
Dover, Del., 163. 
Dover, N. J., 228. 
Dover, N. H., 126, 129, 137. 
Dowm-ville Gal., 270. 
Downington, ra., 197. 
Drakesville, N. J., 228. 
Dresden Junction, 0., 202. 
Dubuque, Iowa, 239, 261. 
Duluth, Minn., 238, 240. 
Dundas, Can., 232» 
Dunkirk, N. Y., 89, 226. 
Dunleith, Iowa, 261. 
Dunville, Can., 232. 
Durham, N. H., 125. 

Easton, Pa., 160, 20T» 229. 
East Penn. Junction, Pa., 208. 
Eatontown, N. .1., 59. 
Ebensburg, Pa., 199. 
Echo Canon (and City), Utah, 271. 
Echo Lake, N. H., 141. 
Efflagham, Ind., 2056, 225. 
Elgin, III., from Chicago, 212 to 216. 
Elizabeth City, Va., 169. 
Elizabeth, N. J., 59, 145, 197, 

206. 
Elizabethport, N. J., 149, 206. 
Elk Grove, Cal., 274. 
Elkhari, Ina., 227. 
Elkhorn, Neb., 268 
Elkhorn, Wis.. 237. 
Elko, Nov., 272 
Elkton, Md., 163. 
EUicott's Mills, Md., 170. 
Ellis, Cal., 271. 
Elmira. N. Y., 88,198. 
Eminence, Ky., 217. 
Emporium, Pa., 230. 
Englewood, 111., 262. 
Erie Canal, 74. 

Erie, Pa., 198, 201, 226, 230, 240. 
Essex Junction, Vt.. 101. 
Evaiiston, Utah, 271. 
Evansville, Ind., 219. 
Exeter, N. H., 125. 

F. 

Fairfax Court-House, Va., 183, 
Fall River, Mass., 113, 114. 



Falls of the Ammonoosuc, N. H., 

134. 
Falls of the Chaudiere, Can., 244, 

253. 
Falls of Cohoes, N. Y., 71. 
Falls of t ,e Genesee, N. Y., 77. 
Falls, Glen Ellis, N. H., 131. 
Falls, Glenn's, N. Y., 95. 
Palls, Kauterskill, N. Y., 69. 
Falls of Mmnehaha, Minn., 239. 
Falls of Niagara, 77, 78, 242. 
Falls, Passaic, 59, 84. 
Falls of the Potomac, D. C, 182. 
Falls, Kideau, Can., 244, 245. 
Falls of the Sawkill, N. Y., 86, 
Falls of St. Anne, Can., 247. 
Falls of St. Anthony, Mmu., 239. 
Falls of Trenton, N. Y., 75. 
Falls of the Yo Semite, Cal., 275. 
Farmington, N. H., 129, 
Fishkill Landing, N. Y., 66. 
Fitchburg, Mass., 140. 
Flemington, N. J., 207. 
Florence, S. C, 189. 
Florin, Cal.. 274. 
Flume, The (and House), N. H., 

142. 
Fonda. N. Y., 74. 

Forest, 0., 210. 

Fort Bridger, Utah, 267. 

Fort Dodge, Iowa. 262, 264 

Fort Hamilton, N. Y., 58. 

Fort Howard, Wis., 261. 

Fort Massasauga, Can. , 257. 

Fort Niagara, N. Y., 257. 

Fort Plain, N. Y., 74, 

Fort Saunders, Wyo., 270. 

Fort Schuyler, N. Y., 111. 

Fort Sedgwick, Neb., 265. 

Fort Snelling, Minn., 239. 

Fort Washington, Va., 185. 

Fort Wayne, Ind., 201, 211, 2H 
227, 235. 262. 

Fortress Monroe, Va.. 169. 

Four Lakes, Wis., 238. 

Foxboro, Mass., 110. 

Framingham, Mass., 107. 

Franconia Notch, N. H., 134. 

Frankrord,Po., 148. 

Franklinton. Md., 168. 

Frederick. Md., 170. 

Fred£ricsburg, Va., 185. 

Fredfericton, i^. B., 259. 

Freehold, N. J.. 149. 

Freeport, 111., 237, 261, 263. 

Freeport, Pa., 200. 

Fremont, 0., 227. 



Fremont, Neb., 268. 
Frencliinan's Bay, Can., 242. 



Galena, 111., 239. 
Gait, Cal.,276&. 
Galveston, Texas, 192, 194. 
Gananoque, Can., 243. 
Garrison's Landing, N. Y., 64. 
Gatineau River, Can., 245. 
Genesee Falls, N. Y., 77. 
Geneva, N. Y., 77. 
Genoa, 111., 237. 
Georgetown, Cal., 270. 
Georgetown, D. C, 182. 
Georgetown, Mass., 124. 
Germantown, Pa., 169. 
Geysers, The, Gal., 276fc, 276Z. 
Girard, Pa., 226. 
Glen Allen, Mo., 221. 
Glencoe, Can., 232. 
Glen Cove, L. I., 61. 
Glen Ellis Falls, ]Sf. H., 131. 
Glen House, N. H., 131. 
Glenn's Falls, N. Y., 95. 
Goderich, Can., 232, 240. 
Golden City, Cal., 266. 
Gold Hill, Nev., 269. 
Gonic, N. H., 129. 
Gordonsville, Va., 183, 186. 
Gorham, N. H., 102, 137,251. 
Gosport Navy Yard, Va., 169. 
Grafton, Mass., 107; 
Grand Haven, Micli., 227, 235. 
Grand Island, Neb., 269. 
Grand Junction, Iowa, 262. 
Grand Rapids, Mich., 235. 
Granger, Utah, 267. 
Granite Canon. Wyo., 270. 
Grass Valley, Cal., 270. 
Great American Desert, 268. 
Great Bend, N. Y., 87, 229. 
Great Falls, N. H., 125. 
Great Nevada Sandy Desert, 269. 
Great Salt Lake, Utah, 268. 
Green Bay, Wis , 215, 261. 
Greenbush, N. Y., 70. 
Greenfield, Mase., 140. 
Greenport, L. I., 61. 
Green River, Wyo., 271. 
Greensboro, N. C, 188. 
Greensburg, Pa., 200. 
Greenwich, East, R. I., 109. 
Greenwood Lake, N. Y., 85. 
Grenville, Can., 246. 



INDEX. 



295 



Greycourt, N. Y., 85. 
Grimsby, Can., 231. 
Grinnell, Iowa, 263. 
Groton, Ct., 108. 

Groton Junction, Mass., 136, 140. 
Grout's Corners, Mass., 140. 
Guelph, Can., 232, 242. 
Gunpowder "Hiver Bridge, Md., 
164 

H. 

Hackettstown, N. J., 60, 228. 

Ha Ha Bay, Can., 256. 

Halifax, N. S., 250, 359. 

Hamilton, Can., 331, 241. 

Hamilton, O., 210. 

Hampton Junction, N. J., 207, 228. 

Hampton, N. H., 125. 

Hampton and Roads), Va , 169. 

Hancock, N. Y., 86. 

Haniiibal, Mo , 239. 

Hanover, Md., 171. 

Hanover, Va., 163. 

Harper's Ferry, W. Va., 170, 171, 

183, 201. 
Hartford, Ct., 105. 
Harrisburg, Can., 232. 
Harrisburg, Pa., 160, 163, 198, 

209. 
Harvard University, 120. 
Haverhill., Mass., 124. 
Havana, Cuba, 194. 
Havre de Grace, Md., 162, 163. 
Hawkesbury, Can., 246, 
Hazard, Wyo., 270. 
Hazleton, Pa., 209. 
Helena, Nev., 268. 
Henderson, Ky., 219. 
Herkimer, N. Y., 74. 
Hermitage, the, Tenn., 219. 
Hickford Junction, Va., 189. 
Highlands of Navesisk, 59. 
Highlands of ihe Hudson, 63. 
Hightstown, N. J., 150. 
Hillsdale, Mich., 227. 
Hillsdale, Wyo.,2T0. 
Hoboken, N. J., 58. 
Homewood, Pa., 210. 
Honesdale, Pa., 229. 
Hoosic Tunnel, Mass., 136. 
Horicon, Wis., 237, 
Hornellsville, N. Y., 89. 
Hudson, Can., 247. 
Hudson, N. Y., 70. 
Hyannis, Mass., 122. 
Hyde Park, N. Y.. 67. 



396 



INDEX. 



I. 

Indiana, Pa., 200. 

India (to), 273. 

iNDiANOPOLis, Ind., 205a. 218, 

223. 
lone City, Cal., 274. 
Iowa City, Iowa, 263. 
Island Pond, 127, 251, 253, 265. 
Isle of SUoals, N. H., 125. 
Iron Mountain, Mo., 221. 
Ironton, Mo., 221. 
Irvineton, Pa., 230. 
Ithaca, N. Y., 88. 

jr. 

Jackson, Cal , 274. 
Jackson, Mich., 235. 
Jackson, Miss., 194. 
Jacksonville, III., 224. 
Jamaica, L. I., 61. 
Jamesburg, N. J., 149. 
Jamestown (ruins), Va., IflO. 
Janesville, Wis., 215, 237. 
Japan (to), 273. 
Jefferson City, Mo., 223. 
Jeffersonville, Ind , 218. 
Jersey City, N. J., i44, 197. 
Jotinsonville, Tenn., 220. 
Johnstown, Pa., 199. 
Joliet, 111., 224, 262. 
Jonesville, Mich., 227. 
Julesburg, Neb., 269. 

K. 

Kalamazoo, Mich., 227, 234, 385* 
Kauterskill Falls, 69. 
Kearney (and Fort> Neb., 269. 
Keene, N. H., 140. 
Keeseville, N. Y., 100. 
Kelton, Utah, 272. 
Kenosha, Wis., 237. 
Kennebunk, Me., 126. 
Kensington, Pa., 148. 
Keokuk, Iowa, 239, 261, 262, 264. 
Kinderhook, N. Y., 70. 
Kingston, Can., 243, 257. 
Kingston, N. Y., 67. 
Kmgsville, S. C, 191. 
Kittery, Maine, 125. 
KnoxviUe, Tenn., 188, 196, 210. 
Komoka, Can., 232. 

Lachine, Can., 247. 
Lachiue Rapids, Can., 260. 



Lackawaxen, N. Y., 86. 

L I Crosse, Wis., 239. 

Lafayette., Ind., 211. 

Lafayette College, 208. 

Lagrange, Ky., 217. 

Lake Cliampiaio, 99. 

Lake Donner, Cal., 276/". 

Lake George, 95. 

Lake Hopaicong, 60, 228. 

Lake Mahopac, 60. 

Lake Memphremagog, Can., 127, 

138, 140. 
Lake Pepin, Minn., 239. 
Lake Ponchartrain, La., 194. 
Lake Simcoe, Can., 242. 
Lake St. Charles, Can.. 253, 354. 
Lake St. Clair, 233. 
Lake St. Louis, Can., 247. 
Lake St. Peter, Can.. 128. 
Lake Superior, 215, 240. 
Lake Superior Copper Regions, 

240. 
Lake Superior Iron Regions, 240. 
Lake Tahoe, Cal., 276/. 
Lake Winnepesaukie, 125, 129. 
Lake ol the Two Mountains, Can., 

247. 
Lambertville, N. J., 207. 
Lamokin Junction, Pa., 162. 
Lancaster, Pa., 160, 197. 
L'Ance a I'Eau, Can., 255. 
Lanesborougli, N. Y., 87. 
Lansing, Mich., 235. 
Lansiugburgh, N. Y., 71. 
Laporte, Ind., 227. 
La Prairie, Can., 100. 
Laramie, Wyo., 270. 
La Salle, III., 263. 
Lathrop, r'al., 273, 2T6a. 
Laurel, Md., 171. 
Lawrence, Mass., 122, 134, 181. 
Lawrence ville, Pa , 200. 
Lawton, Mich., 236. 
Lazaretto, The, Pa., 162. 
Lebanon, Pa , 198, 209. 
Lebanon Springs, N. Y., 70. 
Leesburg, Va., 183. 
Leetonia, 0., 210. 
Lennoxville, Can., 135. 
Le Roy. N. Y., 77. 
Lewes, Del., 163. 
Lewiston, N. Y., 242, "257. 
Lewiston, Pa., 199. 
Lexington (and Junction), Ky., 

217. 
Lima, 0., 211, 227. 
Lincoln, Neb., 262. 



INDEX. 



397 



L'iBlet, Can., S64. 

Little FaUs, N. T., 74. 

Little Rock, Ark., 220. 

Littleton, N. H., 102, 139, 140. 

Lock Haven, Pa., 199, 230. 

Lockport, N. Y., 77. 

Logansport, Ind., 211, 224, 227. 

London, Can., 232. 

London, 0., 203. 

Long Branch, N. J., 59, 149, 150, 

161. 
LongSault Rapids, Can., 246. 
Lookont Mountain, 196. 
Lorette, Can., 253. 
L'Original, Can., 246. 
Louisville, Ky., 211, 217, 221. 
LovelanH, 0., 204. 
LoweU, Mass., 121, 134, 136. 
Lnndy's Lane, Can., 81. 
Lyme, Cr., 108. 
Lyme, E. A S., Ct., 108. 
Lynn, Mass., 121, 122, 
Lynchburg, Va., 195. 
Lyons, N. Y., 77. 

M. 

Macon, Ga., 191. 
Madison, N. J., 228. 
Madison, Wis., 215, 23 7» 261. 
Major's, Can , 246. 
Maiden, N, Y., 68. 
Maiden (So.) Mass., 122. 
Mallory Town, Can., 243. 
Mammotn Cave of Kentucky, 218. 
Manassas Junction, Va., 183, 195. 
Manchester, N. H., 124, 137. 
Mankato, Mmn., 238. 
Mansfield, Mass., 110. 
Mansfield, O., 210. 
Mantua Junction, Pa., 197. 
Manunkachunk, N. J„ 228, S29. 
Marietta, O., 204. 
xMariposa Route, Cal., 276A;. 
Marshall, Iowa, 262. 
Marshall, Mich., 235. 
Martinsbnrg, Pa., 199. 
vlartha's Vineyard, Mass., 123. 
Marquette, Lake Superior, 240. 
Marysville, Cal., 270, 273. 
-Mason City, Iowa, 262, 263. 
Massillon, 0., 210. 
Ma-tHope, N. Y., 86. 
McGregor, Iowa, 238. 
McKenzle, Tenn., 220. 
McPherson (and Fort), Neb., 269. 
Medford, Mass., 124. 



Medina, N. Y., 77. 

Mempliis Junction, Ky,. 219. 

Memphis, Tenn., 194, 196, 219, 220. 

Mendota, 111., 263. 

Mendota Junction, Minn., 238. 

Meredith Village, N. H., 101, 138. 

Meriden, Ct.. 105. 

Meridian, Miss., 196. 

Merrimac River and Valley, 136. 

Michigan City. Mich., 236. 

Middlebury, Vt.,101. 

Middletown, N. Y., 85. [104, 108. 

MiddlfttowD, (and Portland), Ct., 

Milford, Va., 186. 

Millville, N. J.. 150. 

Milton, Pa., 229. 

Milton, Wis., 237. 

Milroy, Pa., 199. 

Milwaukie, Wis., 215, 237, 339, 

261. 
Mineral Point, Mo., 221. 
Mingo Junction, 0.. 202. 
Minneapolis, Minn., 238. 
Minnehaha, Min.. 238. 
Mississippi, Mouths of, 194. 
Missouri VaUey Junction, Iowa, 

262. 
Mobile, Ala., 193, 196. 
Modesta, Cal., 275. 
Mohawk Valley, N. Y., 73. 
Mokf lumne Hill. Cal., 276^. 
Monmouth Junction, N. J., 149. 
Monocacy (and Valley), Md., 170. 
Monroeville, O., 227. 
Monson, Mass., 139. 
Monterey, Cal., 273. 
Montgomery, Ala., 191, 19«, 

220. 
Monticelio, Va., 183. 
Montmorenci, Falls of, Can., 253. 
Montpelier, Vt., 140. 
Montreal, Can., 138, 242, 243, 

244, 245, 247, 253. 255, 257. 
Moosehead Lake, 127. 
Moreau Station, N, Y., 95. 
Morrison, lU., 261. 
Morristown, N. J., 60, 338, 
Morrow, 0., 204. 
Moscow, Iowa, 263, 
Mound City, 111., 220. 
Mount Holly, N, J., 150. 
Mount Hope, R. L, 113, lU. 
Mt Joy, Pa., 198. 
Mt. Lafayette, N. H., 141, 148. 
Mt, Mansfield, Vt., 100. 
Mountam of Rigaud, The, Can., 

246. 



298 



INDEX. 



Mount Vernon, Va., 184, 185. 
Mount Wasliiugton, N. H., 131, 

1^2. 
Mount Webster, N, H„ 183. 
Mount Willard, N. H.,133. 
Murray Bay, Can,, 254. 
MuHcaline, Iowa, 263. 
Mystic, Ct., 109. 

N. 

Nahant, Maes, 121. 

Napanee, Can., 243. 

Narrowsburg, N. Y., 86. 

Nahuvillb, Tenn., 191, 219. 

Nashua, Mass., 122, 124. 

Natick, Mass., 107. 

Natural Bridge, Va., 196. 

Nauvoo, 111., 239. 

Nebraska City, Neb., 262, 

Nevada, Cal , 270. 

New Alraaden Mines, Cal., 273. 

Newark, N. J., 59, 144, 197, 228. 

Newark, 0., 202. 

New Baltimore. N. Y., 70. 

New Bedlord, Mass., 122. 

New Brighton, S. I., 59. 

Nbw Brunswick, N. J., 146, 
197. 

New Butralo, Mich., 236. 

Newburgh, N. Y., 67. 

Newburyport, Mass., 124. 

Newcastle (and Junction), Del., 
163. 

Newcastle, Pa., 210. 

New Durham, N. II., 129. 

New Haven, Ct , 104, 107. 

New Lisbon, O , 210. 

New London, Ct., 108, 114, 136, 
139. 

Newmarket .Tunction, N. H., 125 

Newmarket, N. 11., 125. 

New Orleans, La,, 192, 196, 
223 239 

Newport. *Ky . 204. 

Newport, II. I., ill. 

Newport, Vt., 138, 140. 

Newton, N J., 228. 

New York City, 42— Harbor, 42 
— Streets, 46 — Museums, 47— 
Libraries, 47— Public Galleries, 
47— Educational Institutions, 48 
—Monuments, 49 — Antiquities, 
49— Churches, 49— Public Build- 
ings, 50— Commercial Buildings, 
51— Privat e Dwellings, .02— Hotel 
Buildings (Hotels), 53~Theatre8, ; 



53_0hurclif's (or SfTvjcf, 54— 
Public Grounds, 50, 66, 57— Cen- 
tral Park, 56— Excursions, 58 to 
61 — High Bridge, 57 — Jerome 
Park, 57— Longer Excursions, 
59. 

Niagara Falls, 77, 78, 242. 

Niagara ( Village), N. Y.. 257. 

Niles, Cal., 273. 

Niles, Mich., 236. 

Norfolk, Va.. 163 168. 

Norristowu, Pa., 160. 

North Adams, Mass., 140. 

North Bend, Neb., 268. 

North Platte, Neb., 269. 

Norwalk, Ct., 10.3. 

Norwich, Ct., 114, 136, 139. 

O. 

Oak Hill, N. Y., 68. 

Oakland, Cal, 273, 276a. 

Oakville, Can., 241. 

Oberlin, O., 227. 

Ogallala, Neb,269. 

Ooden, Utah, 272, 275. 

Ogdensburgh, N. Y., 76, 244, 245, 

258 
Oil city. Pa., 201, 230. 
Oil Regions, Pa., 89, 201, 226, 230. 
Old Man of the Mountain, N. H., 

141. 
Old Point Comfort, Va , 169. 
Oleopolis. Pa., 230. 
Omaha, Neb., 216, 223, 262, 265. 

273. 
Ontonagon, Lake Superior, 240. 
Orange Court House, Va., 183. 
Orange, N. J., 228. 
Oregon City, Oregon, 273. 
Orient, L. I., 61. 
Orleans, Island of. Can., 254. 
Oroville, Cal., 273. 
Orville, 0., 210. 
Osino, Nev., 272. 
Oswego N. Y., 76. 
Otsego Lake, N. Y-, 74, 
Ottawa, Can., 243, 244, 250, 258. 
Ottumwa. Iowa, 262. 264. 
Overlook Mountain House, 67. 
Owatona, Minn., 238. 
Ovvego, N. Y., 88, 

P. 

Paducah (and Junction), Ky.^ 22C. 
Fainesville, Pa. 226. '. ; : i ■ • 



INDEX. 



2&9 



Palatine Bridge, N. Y., 74. 

Palisade, Nev., 272. 

Palisades, tlie Hudson, 63. 

Palrner, Mass., lOS. 1.39. 

Palmyra, N. Y., 77. 

Panama, Cent. Amer., 273. 

Paradise, Idaiio, 269. 

Paris, Can., 232. 

Parma, Mich., 235. 

Passaic Falls. 59. 84. 

Paterson. N, J.. 58. 8 3- 

Pawtucket, R. 1., no. 

Peaks or Otter, Va., l9o. 

Pekin, 111., 224. 

Pernberton, N. J.. loO. 

Ptasacola, Fla., 192. 

Peoria, 111., 211, 224, 263. 

Pequop. Nev.,272. 

Percy, Wyo., 270. 

Perth Amboy, N. J.. 149. 

Peterboro, Can., 243. 

Petersburg, Va., 189. 

Petrolia, Can.. 232. 

PHiT.ADELPnrA. Pa . 1.51 -Streets, 
l.'i2— Public Buildings, 1G.3— An- 
tiquities. 1.54 — Public Grounds, 
1.54 — Fairmount, i.')4— Churcties. 
156 — Libraries, 1.56 — Tiieatres, 
etc., 157— Hotels, 157— Excur- 
sions, 157— Navy Yard, 157— 
Arsenals, 158 — Laurel Hill Ceme- 
tery, 158— TJie WifisaWckon, 158 
— Germantown. 159— Red Bank 
and Fort Mifflin, 159- Penn's 
Rock, 159— Falls of tlie .Scliuyl- 
hill, 159 — Longer Excursions, 
160. 

Phillpsburg, N. J., 207. 

Pictou, N. S., 260. 

Pictured Pvocks, Lake Superior, 
240. 

Piermont, N. Y., 63, 

Pike's Peak, Col., 266. 

Pilot Knob., Mo., 221. 

Pine Bluff-', Neb., 270. 

Pinkham Notch, N. H., 131. 

Plihole (and Creek) Pa., 2.30. 

PrTTSBCBO, Pa., 170, 200, 202, 
226, 262. 

PittBfield, Mass.. 139. 

Pittston, Pa., 208, 229. 

Placerville, Cal., 270. 

PlaiDfleld, Ct . 115. 

PlaiQfleld N. J., 206. 

Plattsburg, N. Y., 99. 

Flora Creek, Neb., 269. 

Plymouth. Ind., 211. 



Plymoutn, Mas^., 122. 
Plymouth, N. H.. 1.38. 
Plymouth, Wis., '238. 
Pointe-aux-Anglais. Can., 247. 
Point Levi, Can., 128, 251, 254. 
Point of Rocks, Md., 170. 
Point St. Charles, Can., 249, 250. 
Pollard, Ala., 192. 
Pond Creek, 111.. 263. 
Portajre City. Wifi , 2.37. 
Portajre, N. Y., 89. 
Port Deposit, Md., 162, 
Port Hope, Can.. 242. 
Port Huron, Mich.. 234. 
Port Jervis, N. Y., 85. 
Portland, Me., 102, 126. 250, 

2;Jl, 2.->3, 255. 
Portland, Oregon, 268, 273. 
Port Sarnia, Can . 232. 
Portsmouth, N. H., 125, 137, 
Port,s)nouth, Va., (Naval Depot), 

1C9. 
Port Stanley, Can., 232. 
Potomac Falls, D. C, 182. 
Potosi, Mo., 2iil. 
Poughkeepsie, N. Y., 67. 
Prairie du Chien, Wis., 215, 238, 

239 
Prescott, Can., 243, 245, 258. 
Princeton, N. J., 147. 
Profile House, N. H., 1.34, 139, 140, 

141. 
Promontory Point, Utah. 272. 
Peovidence.^Pw. I., 109, 115. 
Pot-in-Bay Islands, (Lake Erie), 

234. 
Patnam, Ct., 11.5. 



Quebec, Can., 128, 138, 250, a61» 

255, 2.56. 
Queenston, Can., 81, 257. 
Quincy, 111 , 224, 203 

R. 

Racine, Wis., 237. 

Rah way, N. J., 140, 197. 

Raleigh, N. C, 189. 

Rarnapo Gap and Valley, N. J., 

85. 
Ramsey, Minn., 2.38. 
Reading, MaBS., 124. 
Reading, Pa., 197, 198, 408, 209, 

229. 
Readville. Mass., 110. 



302 



INDEX. 



St. Anthony (and Falls of), Minn., 

215, 239. 
Starruca Viaduct, N. Y., 87. 
Staten Island, 59. 
Staunton, Va., 186, 195. 
St. Catharine's, Can., 231, 241. 
St. Clair River and Lake, 240. 
St. Cloud, Minn., 239. 
Steubenville, 0., 202, 210. 
Stevenson, Ala , 219. 
St. Gregolre, Can., 251. 
St. Hyacintlie, St. Brune, St. 

Hilaire, St. Lambert, Can., 128, 

260. 
St. John, Can., 100. 
St. John, N. B., 259. 
St. Joseph, Mo., 223, 262, 264. 
St. Lawrence Rapids, 258. 
St. Lawrence River, 258. 
St. Lotus, Mo., 194, 201, 205, 216, 

220, 221, 227, 239, 261, 263. 
St. Mary's, Can., 232. 
St. Mary's. Wyo . 270. 
Stockton, Cal , 273, 276a, 2767i. 
Stonington, Ct.. 109, 115. 
Stony Point, N. Y... 63. 
St. Paul Junction, Minn. 238. 
St. Paul, Minn., 215, 238, 262. 
St. Peter, Minn.. 238. 239. 
Strasburg, Va., 183. 
Stroudsburg, Pa., 229. 
St. Thomas, Can., 254. 
Sturgis, Mich., 227. 
Stuyvesant, U. V., 70. 
Suffera's, N. J , 84. 
Summit Station, Cal., 273, 
Summit, Va., 183. 
Sunbury, Pa., 199. 
Susquehanna. N. Y., 87. 
Swampscott. Mass., 122. 
Sweetwater Mining Region, Wyo., 

267. 
Syracuse, N. Y., 76. 

T. 

Tadoussac, Can., 255. 
Tallahaseee, Fla. 190. 
Tarrytown, N. Y., 63. 
Terre Hautp, Ind., 205a. 
Thorold Can., 231, 241 
Thousand Islands (and Lake), St 

Lawrence River, 258. 
Three Rivers, Can., 128, 251. 
Throg's Neck. N. Y., 111. 
Thurso, Can., 246. 
Ticonderoga, N. Y.. 98. 



Tideoute, Pa., 230, 

Titusville, Pa., 230. 

Tiverton, R. I.. 114. 

Toano, Nev., 272. 

Toledo, 0., 203, 205, 210, 211, 218. 

227, 235, 240. 
Tolland, Ct.. 139. 
TOPEKA, Kas , 223. 264, 2T6n. 
Toronto Can., 232, 241, 24J 

250, 257. 
Townsend, Md . 1G3. 
Towsontown, Md., 168. 
Trenton, Can., 243. 
Trenton Falls. 75. 
Trenton, N. J , 147, 150, 197. 
Troy, N. Y., 71. 
Truckce. Cal., 273, 276 
Tuscaloosa, Ala.. 196. 
Tyrone, Pa., 199. 

Uintah. Utah, I'' . 

Union City, Tenu., 220. 

Union College (Schenectady, N, 

Y), 74. 
Union ville, N. II., 129. 
University of Virginia, 183. 
Urbana. 0., from Xenia, 203. 
Utica. N. Y., 74. 

V. 

Valparaiso, 111., 211. 
Vandalia, Ind., 2056, 225. 
Venango.. Pa, 201. 
Victoria Bridge, Can., 249, 260. 
Vmcennes. lud., -205, 220. 
Vineland. N. J., 160. 
Virginia City, Nov., 269. 
Virgmia, Nev. 268. 
Visalia, Cal.. 273. 
Vallejo, Cal., 276a, 276S:. 

Wadsworlh, Nev., 273. 

Walla Walla, Oregon, 268, 

Walhngford, Ct., 105. 

Walton, Ky., 217. 

Wanatah, ind., 211. 

Warrenton (and Junction), Va.. 

1 83 
: Warsaw, Ind.. 211, 224. 
Wasatch, Utah, 271. 
Washington, D. C, 1 12 ,201-Lo. 
cation, 172, 173— The Capitol 



INDEX. 



303 



174— President's House, 178, 
—Patent Office, 178 — Depart- 
ments, 178. 179— Smittisonian 
Institute, 180— Public Grounds, 
180— Churches, 181 — Theatres, 
181— Hotels, 181— Excursions, 
181— Soldiers' Home, 181— Navy 
Yard. 181— Congressional Cem- 
etery 181— Longer Excursions, 
181, 182. 

Washington Junction, D. C, 171. 

Washington, Iowa, 263. 

Washington (Junction). N. J., 228. 

Washington, N. J. 149. 

Washoe, Nev., 269. 

Waterford, Ct., 108. 

Waterloo, Iowa, 261. 

Waterloo, Ind., 211. 

Waterloo, N. J., 228. 

Watertown, N. Y., 76, 243. 

Watertown, Wis., 237. 

Waukegan, 111., 237. 

Waverley, Tenn., 220. 

Waynesburg, Pa., 197. 

Weber Canon, (and Station and 
Kiver), Utah, 271. 

Webster, Mass., 115. 

Weir's Landing. N. H., 137. 

Weldon, N. C.,488. 

Wells (and Humboldt W.) Nev., 

272. 
Wells, Me., 125. . 
Wells River, Vt., 101, 138, 140. 
Wenona, Mich., 234. 
Westerley, R. I., 109. 
West Island, R. I., 112. 
West Liberty, Iowa, 263. 
West Newton, Maes., 107. 
West Point, N. Y., 61, 62, 65., 
West Point, Ga.. 191. 
West Scarboro,Me., 125. 
Wethersfield, Ct., 105. 
Wheeling, W. Va., 201, 210, 227. 
Whitehall, N. Y., 101, 140. 
White House, Va., 188. 
White Mountain House, N. H., 

134. 
White Mountains, 125, 127, 130 to 

133, 137, 141 to 143. 
White Oak Bottom, Md., 171. 
White Pigeon, Mich., 227. 
White Pine, Nev., 268. 
White River Junction, Vt., 102, 

138, 140. 
White Sulphur Springs, Va., 1 84« 

186, 195. 
Wickford, R.1.,109. 



Wilcox, Pa., 230. 

Wllkesbarre, Pa., 229. 

Willey House, N. H.,133. 

William-and-Mary College, Va., 
from Richmond, 186. 

William's Bridge, N. Y., 103. 

Williamsburg, Va., from Rich- 
mond, 186. 

Williamsport, Pa., 198, 229. 

Willimantic, Ct.. 139. 

Wilmington, Del., 163, 197. 

Wilmington Junction, Mas?., 124. 

Wilmington, N. C, 188, 189. 

Wilton, Iowa, 263. 

Winchester, Va., 183. 

Windsor (and Locks), Ct., 105. 

Windsor, Can., 233. 

Windsor, N. S., 259. 

Windsor, Vt., 140. 

Winnemucca, Nev., 272. 

Wollboro, N. H., 129, 138. 

WOKCESTER, Mass., 106,. 116, 
136. 

Wyandotte, Kas , 264. 

Wyoming, Nev., 269. 



Xenia, O., 203. 



X. 



Y. 



Yale College, 104. 

Yarmouth Junction, N. H., 102, 

127. 
Yarmouth, Mass., 122. 
Yonkers, N. Y., 63. 
York, Pa., 198. 
Yorktown, Va., from Richmond, 

186. 
Yo Semite Valley, Cal., 276a, 276t. 
Ypsilanti, Mich., 234. 

Z. 
Zanesville, 0., 202, 210, 227. 



802 



INDEX. 



8t. Anthony (and Falls of), Minn., 

21.0, 23». 
Starruca Viaduct, N. Y., 87. 
Staten l.slari(J, U'd. 
Staunton, Va., ISrt, 105. 
St. (Jattiarinc's, Can., 231, 241. 
St. Clair llivcr and Iial<(;, 1240. 
St. Cloud, Minn., 2.'50. 
Steubenvllle, O., 202, 210. 
Stevenwon, Ala , 2l!>. 
St. Crcpfoire, Can.. 2.')!. 
St. Ilyacintiie, St. Hrune, St. 

Ililaire, St. Lambert, Can., 128, 

250. 
St. John, Can., 100. 
St. John, N. !{., 2r,9. 
St. Josef)!!, Mo., 22.3, 262, 264. 
St. Jiawronce Iiai>idH, 2.58. 
St. Lawrence liiver, 208. 
St. LfHJiH, Mo., 194, 201, 20.">, 216, 

220, 221, 227, 2:W, 261, 20;5. 
St. Mary'H, Can., 232. 
St. Mary's. Wyo . 270. 
Stockton, Cal , 27.3, 276a, 27*;//. 
StoniuKton, (Jt.. 109, ll-O. 
Stony J'oint, N. Y., 03. 
St. Paul Junction, Minn. 238 
St. Paul, Minn., 21.'',, 238, 202. 
St. Peter, Minn., 238. 23!). 
StraHbur^', Va., 183. 
StroudHhurf?, I'a., 229. 
St. Thomas, Can., 254. 
Sturgis, Mich., 227. 
Stuyvesant, N. Y., 70. 
Suffern'H, N. J , 84. 
Summit Station, Cal., 273. 
Summit, Va., 183. 
Sunbury, I'a., 109. 
Susquehanna. N. Y., 87. 
Swampscott. Mass., 122. 
Sweetwater Mining Region, Wyo.. 

267. 
BjracuHe, N. Y., 76. 

T, 

Tadonssac, Can., 256. 
Tallahastsee, Fla. 190. 
Tarrytown, N. Y., 63. 
Terre Hautp, Ind., 205a. 
Thorold Can., 231,241 
Thousand Islands (and Lake), St 

Lawrence River, 2.i8. 
Three Rivers, Can., 128, 251. 
Throg's Neck. N. Y., 111. 
Thnrfio, Can., 246. 
Tlcoaderoga, N. Y.. 88. 



Tldeoute, Pa., 230. 

Titusville, Pa., 2.30. 

Tiverton, R. I.. 114. 

'I'oano, Nov.. 272. 

Toledo, 0., 203. 205. 210, 211, 216. 

227, 235. 240. 
Tolland, Ct,.. J. 30. 
TOI'KKA, Kas , 223. 204, 2T0J/.. 
Toronto Can., 2.32, 241, 24J 

250, 257. 
Town send. Md . 103. 
Towsotitown, Md., 168. 
Trenton. (Jan., 243. 
Trenton Falls. 75. 
TiiKNTON, N. J , 147, 150, 197. 
Troy, N. Y., 71. 
Truckee. Cal., 273, 27(; 
Tuscaloosa. Ala.. 190. 
Tyrone, Pa., 199. 

U. 

Uintah. Utah, T' . 

Union City. Tenn., 220. 

Union College (Sciienectady, N. 

Y), 74. 
Unionville, N. JF.. 120. 
Universtiy of Viii^nnia, 183. 
Uritana. O., from Xenia, 203. 
l.fTiCA. N. Y., 74. 

V. 

Valparair«o. 111., 211. 
Vandalia, Ind., 2o.'.(!>, 225. 
Venango.. Pa, 201. 
Victoria Pridgo, Can., 249, 250. 
Vincenties, Ind.. 205, 220. 
Vineland. N. J., 160. 
Virginia City, Nev., 269. 
Virginia, Nev. 268. 
Visalia, Cal.. 273. 
Vallejo, Cal., 276a, 276fc. 

VVadsworth, Nev., 273. 

Walla Walla, Oregon, 268. 

Wallingford, Ct., 105. 

Walton, Ky., 217. 

Wanatah, Ind., 211. 

Warrentou (and Junction), Va., 

183 
Warsaw, Ind.. 211. 224. 
Wasatch. Utah. 271. 
Washington, U. C, 1 72 ,201-Lo- 

cation, 172, 173— The Capitol 



INDEX. 



30^i 



174— Preflident'H House, 178, 
—Patent Office. 17^5 — Depart- 
ments, 178. 170— SmithHonian 
Institute, 180— Public GroundH, 
180— Churches, ^ 81 — Theatres, 
181— Hotels, 181— f:xcur.sions, 
181— SolOlers' liorue. 181— Navy 
yard. 181 — CongresHlonal Cem- 
etery 181— Longer Kxcurslons, 
181, 182. 

Washington Junction, D. C, 171. 

Washington, Iowa, 20.3. 

Washington M unction). N. J., 228. 

Washington, N. J. 140. 

Washoe, Nev., 269. 

Water/orrJ, Ct., 108. 

Waterloo, Iowa, 261. 

Waterloo, Infl.,211. 

Waterloo, N. J., 228. 

Watertown, X. Y., 7<5, 243. 

Waterto^vTi, Wis., 2.37. 

Waukegan, 111., 2.37. 

Waverley, Tenn., 220. 

Waynesburg, Pa , 11^7. 

Weber Canon, (ana Station and 
Pviver), Utah, 271. 

Web.ster, Mass., 115. 

Weir's Landing. N. H., 137. 

Weldon, N. C.,i88. 

Wells rand Humboldt W.) Nev., 
272. 

Wells, Me., 12.5. 

Wells River, Vt., 101, 138, 140. 

Wenona, Mich., 2-34. 

Westerley, K. I.. 109. 

Westl.sland. R. I.. 112. 

West Libei ty, Iowa, 263. 

West Newton. Maps,, 107. 

West Point. N. Y.. 61, C2, 65., 

West Point, Ca . Vj\. 

West Scarboro. Me.. 125. 

Wethersfield, Ct., 10.0. 

Wheeling, W. Va.. 201, 210, 227. 

Whitehall, N. Y., 101, 140. 

White House, Va., 188. 

White Mountain Hou.se. N. H., 
1.34. 

White Mountains, 125, 127, 130 to 
1.3.3, 137, 141 to 14;i. 

Wtiite Oak Bottom, Md., 171. 

White Pigeon, Mich.. 227. 

White Pine, Nev., 268. 

White River Junction, Vt., 102, 
1.38, 140. 

Wlilte Sulphur .Springs, Va., 184« 
186, l&o. 

Wicklord, E. L. 10&. 



Wilcox. Pa., 2.30. 

Wilkesbarre, Pa., 229. 

Wlliey House. N. H., 1.3.3. 

Wiiliam-and-Mary College, Va., 
from liichmo'id, 186. 

William's Pridg'-, N. Y.. 103. 

Wi]llam:-burg, Va., from Rich- 
mond, 186. 

Wjiiiarnsport, Pa., 198, 229. 

Wjliimantic, CA... 139. 

Wilmington, Del., 163, 197. 

Wilmington Junction, Masn., 124. 

Wilrningron, N C, 188, 189. 

Wilton, Jowa, 263. 

Winchester, Va., 183. 

Windsor rand Locks), Ct., 105. 

Windsor, Can , 2.33. 

Windsor, N. S., 2.50. 

Windsor. Vt., 140. 

Winnernucca, Nev., 272. 

Wolfboro, N. H., 129, 138. 



W0KCE8T£K, Mass., 

136. 
Wyandotte, Kas , 264, 
Wyoming, Nov., 269. 



106,, 118, 



Xenia, 0., 20.'; 



X, 



Y. 



Yale College, 104. 

Yarmouth Junction, N. II., 102, 

127. 
Yarmouth, Mass., 122. 
Yonkers, N. Y., 63. 
York, Pa., 198, 
York town, Va., from Richmond, 

186. 
Yo Semite Valley, OaL, 276a, 276i. 
Ypailanti, Mich., 234. 

Z. 

ZaoesviUe, 0., 202, 210. 227. 



DISTANCES, TIME AND FARES. 



[FROM NEW YORK, DIRECT BY KAIL TO MOST IMPORTANT POINTS— III 
ROUND NUMBERS AND LIABLE TO SLIGHT VARIATION.] . 



NEW YORK TO 



DISTANCES. 



TIME. 



FARES. 



Albany 150 

Atchinson, Kan 1,370 

Baltimore 200 

Baton Rouge 1,940 

Boston 240 

Buffalo .": 450 

Burlington, Iowa — 1,125 

Cairo, Ills 1,145 

Charleston, S. C 800 

Chattanooga 1,230 

Chicago 915 

Cincinnati 760 

Cleveland, 595 

Corry (Oil Regions), Pa 520 

Denver, Col 2,040 

Detroit 705 

Erie, Pa... 550 

Indianapolis 820 

Mobile 1,600 

Montreal 650 

New Orleans 1,650 

Niagara Falls 450 

Omaha J ,413 

Philadelphia 90 

Pittsburg 445 

Portland, Me 400 

Quebec 825 

Quincy, Ills 1,147 

Richmond, Va 360 

Salt Lake City 2,464 

San Francisco ............. .3,200 

Saratoga 225 

Savannah 1,000 

St. Louis 1.084 

St. Paul 1,388 

Washington 226 

White Mountains. .............. 500 



miles 5 

" 60 

" 8i/, 

" 5 

" 9X 

" 15 

" 50 

" 55 



hours. 



.$ 3 50 

•' 46 20 

" 6 50 

days 55 00 



hours. 



.60 
.38 
.30 
.23 
.16 



U oO 
9 50 
32 30 
36 00 
26 00 
34 00 
25 00 
22 50 
15 00 
11 70 



i)4 days 95 70 

hours 16 50 

" 12 25 



.38 
.17 
.35 

86 
.18 
.80 

15 



25 OO 
50 50 
12 50 
55 00 
9 50 



3 days 44 50 



hours 3 25 

.... 13 00 

" .. .. 9 i>0 

" 16 50 

" 34 25 

•' . .. 15 00 

days 124 50 

" 140 00 

hours 4 5o 

2X days ...... 34 50 

50 hours 36 00 

3 days 43 00 

10 hours 7 00 

2a " ......' 8O0 



,. 3>6 

.16 
,.14X 

.25 
,.51>^ 

22 
,. 5 

. 1}4 

. 7X 



STEAMSHIP LINES AND BANKING-HOUSES, 

In arranging for visits to America, the European 
traveler needs especially to look after two points of 
no minor consequence. First, the character of the 
vessel in which he designs to make the voyage; and, 
Second, the standing and reliability of the banking- 
house from which he takes the exchange necessary 
for his disbursements while abroad. Upon both 
these points, it is the intention of the " Short-Trip 
Guide" to offer directions of importance, which 
cannot be ignored without disadvantage. A brief 
resume follows, of steamship lines offering reliable 
and first-class conveyance to America ; as well as of 
those banking-houses affording exchange upon such 
terms as will be found desirable to the traveler, and 
at the same time of such thorough reliability that 
they can be depended upon under all circumstances. 
Of steamship lines, let it be understood that no ves- 
sel will have place here, in the tvay of commendatory 
announcement, not held hy the compiler to te ivorthy 
of entrusting to it his own life; that no bank- 
ing-house will be recommended, without personal 
knowledge of its unimpeachable standing ; and that 
in this department, as in all others of the volume, 
no dead enterprizes are allowed to remain announced 
from year to year, but all is current as well as relia- 
ble. 



S06 SEOBT-TBIP GUIDE, 



STEAMSHIPS TO AMERICA. 
LIKES FROM LIVERPOOL TO i^^EW YORK. 

Cunard Line. {British and North American Royal 
Mail Steamship Company^ 

The array of sliips offered by this leading line, 
for the current year, is even more extensive than in 
past years, during which it has won the confidence 
of the world. The favorite " Scotia'^ (known as 
the " women and children's ship," from her steadi- 
ness) ; the speedy " Eussia ; " the " Cuba," " Java," 
'' China," '' Abyssinia," '^Algeria," '^ Parthia," '' Ca- 
labria," and other well known ships, are to be sup- 
plemented by the " Scythia " and " Bothnia," 
larger and finer than any of the others, and of 
great power and speed. Rates of passage varied to 
suit all purses. Sailings from Liverpool, Saturdays, 
Tuesdays and Thursdays; and from Queenstown 
(Ireland), the days following. 

Inman Line. {Liverpool, New York and Phila- 
delphia Steamship Company.) 

New and fine ships are also the order of the day 
with the Inman line, which has so rapidly made 
popularity and holds it so well. The favorite ships 
of the line, of the last two or three years, the " City 
of Brussels," " Paris," "Brooklyn," " London," and 



STEAMSHIP LINES TO AMERICA. 307 

others, have already been supplemented by the gi- 
gantic and powerful '' City of Montreal ; " and she 
is to be soon followed by the Commodore's ship, the 
" City of Chester/' among the largest afloat and ex- 
pected to be among the speediest — the "Eichmond" 
and other fine vessels — making the fleet equally ex- 
tensive and perfect. Sailiilgs from Liverpool, on 
Thursdays and Tuesdays ; and from Queenstown 
the days following. 

Williams and Guion Line. (Liverpool and Great 
Western Steamship Company.) 

The effectiveness of this popular line, which has 
already won the reputation of supplying some of the 
"most comfortable ships afloat" (quotation from 
the lips of passengers)— is to be materially added to, 
this season, by the addition of the still larger and 
more powerful " Montana " and " Dacotah," to the 
,*' Wyoming," the " Wisconsin," " Idado," " Minne- 
sota," and "Nevada," in themselves a fleet of 
marked excellence, and aff'ording accommodation 
winning the best practical approval, while still 
keeping at passage rates only moderately taxing the 
purses of intending voyagers. Sailings from Liver- 
pool, every Wednesday ; and from Queenstown the 
following day. 

National Line, (National Steam Navigation Go,f 

In its earlier days the National line, while sup-^ 
plying safe ocean transit at lower rates than could 



308 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE, 

be afforded by any other, had the reputation of 
using more time in the transit, owing to the slighter 
power of ships, than always pleased the hurried. 
But while gathering one of the largest fleets in ex- 
istence, this line is also reversing past reputation by 
supplying some of the most powerful as well as 
largest ships in the world — the " Spain," " Egypt," 
''Italy" and other new vessels, being actual 
** flyers" as well as splendid monsters; and the 
** Queen," " England," "T)enmark " and half a score 
of other vessels, following closely. Sailings from 
Liverpool, every Wednesday, and Queen stown the 
following day; with extra steamers. Also, direct 
line from London, fortnightly. 

LINE FROM GLASGOW AKD LONDOITDERRY TO N"EW 

YORK. 

Ancho7' Line. (Henderson Brothers, Neio York: 
Handyside & Henderson, Glasgow.) 

This line has a rapidly increasing fleet of fine steam- 
ers, of which the " Australia," " India," " Anglia," 
" California," " Europa," " Bolivia," " Utopia," "Vic- 
toria," etc., may be named as among the favorites,with 
still others to take their places during the season, 
and the Clyde ship-yards always busy in increasing 
the list. Round trips, by the way, embracing the 
Mediterranean ports as well as the Atlantic passage, 
and also a run to the Vienna Exposition, have been 
arranged by this line at very reasonable rates, and 



STEAMSHIP LINES TO AMERICA 309 

offer a great temptation. Sailings from Glasgow, 
every Wednesday and Saturday; and from Moville 
(Londonderry — Ireland), the days following. 

LliTE FKOM BREST AND HAVRE TO NEW YORK. 

French Line, (Compagnie Generale Transatlan- 

tique.) 

Always among the most popular lines, from its 
commencement, the French is adding widely to its 
vessels and influence, and inviting passage America- 
ward from the Continent, with excellent success. 
Those favorite vessels, the " Pereire," " Ville de 
Paris," " St Laurent," etc., have now been supple- 
mented by the " Ville du Havre," one of the largest 
and most powerful steamers afloat, as well as one of 
the most magnificent ; and ifc is hoped and believed 
that very soon the departures between the French 
ports and New York will be weekly instead of fort- 
nightly. Present sailings, from Havre, every alter- 
nate Saturday, touching at Brest. 

LINE FROM BREMEN AND SOUTHAMPTON TO NEW 

YORK. 

Bremen Line. (North German Lloyd,) 

This line has a noble fleet of first-class ships in 
the '' Rhein," " Main," '' Donau," *' Weser," '' Koln," 
" Mosel," and a score of other fine vessels, fast and 
reliable— not only to New York, but to Baltimore, 



310 SHOBT-TBIP GUIDE. 

New Orleans, and Aspinwall, making up a fleet, in 
numbers and power, scarcely if at all second to any 
afloat, and famed for excellent accommodation. 
Sailings from Bremen to New York, twice a week, 
touching at Southampton (Eng.), and affording 
choice passage from London direct. 



BANKING-HOUSES. 

Exchange may be bought, Letters of Credit taken, 
and all other financial business connected with Am> 
erican tours and mercantile operations, safely and 
profitably transacted, as well as many of the de- 
tails of correspondence and requirement abroad — 
with 

Duncan^ Sherman S Co., cor. Pine and Nassau 
Sts., New York, a very old and reliable Anglo-Am- 
erican banking-house, supplying exchange in all 
shapes and with every convenience to the traveller, 
through the Union Bank of London and other 
European Agencies ; 

Brown Brothers & Co., 59 "Wall St., another An- 
glo-American house of the first reputation, offering 
corresponding facilities and a world-wide reputation 
for bridging the financial ocean, through Brown, 
Shipley & Co., Lothbury, London, and Chapel Street, 
Liverpool. 

Drexel, Morgan S Co., builders of the new bank- 
ing palace, cor. Wall and Broad Sts., New York, 
who supply their famous Letters of Credit, for use 
throughout the United States and Canada, through 
J. S. Morgan & Co., London, and Drexel, Harjes & 
Co., Paris ; 

Jay Cooke <& Co., cor. Wall and Nassau Sts., New 
York, American financiers of wide reputation, and 
employed in many of the most extensive of govern- 



312 SBOBT-TEIP GUIDE. 

mental transactions in the financial world, — through 
Jay Cooke, McCulloch & Co., Lombard St., Lon- 
don; 

Morton, Bliss & Co., Broad St., New York, inter- 
national bankers, equally reliable, and familiar with 
the best interests of those who intrust themselves 
to their courtesy and fair-dealing — through Mor- 
ton, Rose & Co., Bartholomew Lane, London; 

Henry Chios & Co., 32 Wall St., New York- 
through Clews, Habicht & Co., 11 Old Broad St., 
London — this banking-house, in its two great 
divisions, now supplying the fiscal agency of the 
United States for England and all Europe, and 
exhibiting that high official recognition of capacity 
and solidity ; 

Walker, Andrews & Co., 14 Wall St., New York, 
a banking-house well and favorably known, espe- 
cially to the body of travellers to the Continent, and 
only less so to those sojourning in the British Is- 
lands, — through Andrews & Co., 10 Place Vendome. 
Paris ; Union Bank of London, etc. ; 

Williams S Guion, 63 Wall St., New York — re- 
liable and popular bankers, and of the well-known 
steamship line of the same name, before mentioned — 
through Alex. S. Petrie & Co., London ; 

John Munroe & Co., 8 Wall St., New York- 
through Munroe & Co., 7 Rue Scribe, Paris, favor- 
ite American house in that city — the two houses 
equally distinguished for solidity and courtesy. 



AMERICAN HOTELS FOR TRAVELLERS. 

[In the list of American Hotels following, no attempt is made at sup- 
plying a complete chain in any direction, though such an arrangement 
is contemplated for subsequent years. Of the Hotels mentioned, how- 
ever, it is necessary to say that none have place except such as have 
been personally tested, and found well located and capable of supplying 
excellent accommodation ; and upon the special features ascribed to 
each, the utmost dependence can be placed by all interested. For loca- 
tions, names of proprietors, etc, official cards must be referred to.] 

Altooka, Fa. — Logan House. 

Few hotels in America are tiandsomer or more complete 
in every detail, than the Logan, at the commencement of the 
rapid ascent of the Alleghany Mountains, on the Pennsyl- 
vania road, in the midst of attractive mountain scenery, and 
equally pleasant for transient visit or residence. 

Big Trees oe Calaveras, Cal — Mammoth Grove 
Hotel. 
This house forms, with Sperry's Hotel, Murphy's, an impor- 
tant link in the chain of California travel; the Mammoth 
Grove house, standing in the midst of those world's- wonders, 
the Big Trees of Calaveras, and supplying one of the most 
delightful of summer resorts; and Sperry's, at Murphy's, 
being an important point on the way to the Big Trees frpm 
Stockton, or the Yosemite Valley, by the Big Oak Flat 
route, as well as located in a highly-interesting mining- sec- 
tion, showing many of the type Californian features. 

BosTOi^. — TJie American House. 

The American has, for many years, held the reputation of 
being not only the largest, but " the best hotel in the Easteru 



314 SHOBT-TBIP GUIDE. 

States," and one of the best in America ; and nothing of that 
reputation has been forfeited — rather added to, in later years. 
It has the most convenient of central locations (within a few 
yards of Faneuil Hall, the Old State House, etc.) ; has added 
all modern improvements and luxuries, and is, in every de- 
tail, worthy the high reputation which it enjoys, and the full 
patronage it constantly receives. 

Oatskill Mountains. — Gatskill Mountain House, 

This excellent and wonderfully-located hotel, high up on 
the South Mountain of the Catskills, is elsewhere referred to 
in connection with those mountains, as having one of the 
finest views in America, and being one of those spots which 
literally must be visited, for the sake of the scenery it mono- 
polizes, as well as for its own merits as a hotel and place of 
summer resort. Not to have seen the sunrise from the grand 
piazza of the Gatskill Mountain House, is to have missed the 
very finest feature of American touring, in the opinion of 
many travellers. 

Gatskill Mountains. — Laurel House, 

This popular house is located almost immediately over the 
famed Kauterskill Falls, the crowning pride of the mountains* 
and presents peculiar attractions for those desirous of taking 
more than a hasty glance at the falls, and the splendid scen- 
ery in their neighborhood. It has deserved celebrity as a 
place of lengthened summer sojourn. 

Gatskill Mountains. — Overlook Mountain House, 

Though but two or three years established, the Overlook 
has already achieved a high reputation as a place of summer 
resort, for its exceedingly elevated position (highest of any 
house in the mountains), the consequent noble view it affords 
over the Hudson River Valley, and the admirable manner in 
which it has been conducted to meet the general require- 



AMERICAN HOTELS FOB TRAVELLERS. 315 

ments of tourists and resident summer visitors. Materially 
enlarged in 1873, under increased patronage. 

Chicago. — Grand Pacific Hotel. 

This house, newly completed and just opened under popu- 
lar management, is considered to be one of the most striking 
marks of the wonderful enterprise and recuperative energy 
which have, within one and a half years, built the " New Chi- 
cago" on the site of the great fire. The largest hotel-building in 
the world, and one of the most costly ($3,000,000), with every 
modern improvement, convenience and appliance, it is a cu- 
riosity to the traveller, as well as a place of luxurious flying 
visit or longer sojourn, without extraordinary expenditure. 

Chicago. — The Gardner House. 

In striking contrast to the Grand Pacific Hotel, mentioned 
elsewhere, and yet equally a feature of " New Chicago," is 
this admirable house, located in full view of the Lake and 
Park, and intended to hold a place, in regard to visitors, 
something like that of the Brevoort, at New York, combin- 
ing the rapid service of the best American hotel, with the 
comparative quiet, refinement, and select character of pat- 
ronage of the model house just mentioned. 

Columbus, Ohio. — The Neil House. 

This house is very eligibly located opposite the fine State 
House or Capitol of the State, convenient to all lines of tran- 
sit, open for late arrivals, and so kept, in all regards, as to 
supply a great public convenience at the State metropolis. 

Lake George. — Fort William Henry Hotel. 

A very large and admirably kept summer hotel, standing 
on the southern shore of the lake, commanding the finest of 
views over it, and in the immediate vicinity of old Fort 
George and the other ,g,^int^ of historical interest of that ro- 



316 8H0BT-TBIF GUIDE. 

mantic section. One of the most popular of fashionable re- 
sorts for residence, and as on the line of travel northward 
from Saratoga, to Champlain, and Canada — the boats up 
Lake George making the connection to the larger lake and 
the north, taking their departure almost from the very doors. 
(Kept in connection with the Arlington, Washington, D. C.) 

Lake Tahoe, Cat. — Tlie Talioe House. 

A very pleasant house, with a singularly lovely location, 
on the north shore of Lake Tahoe, the site commanding one 
of the most beautiful lake views in the world, and the attrac- 
tions as a place of summer sojourn, scarcely equalled by any 
other spot on the Pacific Slope. 

MoKTKEAL, Can. — St. Lawrence Hall. 

A hotel of the first class, in extent and keeping, that has 
for many years enjoyed the reputation of being among the 
best in the Dominion, and that under the new management 
seems likely to increase that reputation rather than fall 
away from it. The St. Lawrence enjoys the patronage of 
the Dominion Government, on all festive occasions ; and has 
been patronized by the Prince of Wales, the Grand Duke 
Alexis, the Governor-General, and many other distinguished 
persons. Stands on St. James Street, leading thoroughfare 
of the city. 

MoNTKEAL, Can. — The Ottawa Hotel. 

This large hotel stands on St. James Street, near the 
Square of the same name, and has the advantage of fronting 
on that street and opening on the parallel great thorough- 
fare, Notre Dame Street, on which stands the Cathedral. 
It claims a place second to no other in Montreal, enjoys very 
distinguished and fashionable patronage, and has recently 
passed into new proprietorship, materially adding to its 
excellence and consequent popularity. 



AMERICAN HOTELS FOB TBAVELLEBS. 317 

New Yoek City. — The Brevoort House. 

This house, of the first fashion, and the peculiarity of the 
most distinguished English patronage, stands on the Fifth 
Avenue, in the immediate neighborhood of the handsome 
public ground, Washington Square, and may be said to have 
an exceptionally fine location, combining convenience to 
places of evening resort, with quietness, and all those name- 
less pleasant features distinguishing the true temporary 
** home " of the travelled from the mere crowded caravan- 
serai. 

New York City. — Gilsey House. 

This hotel, at Broadway and Twenty-ninth Street, is one 
of the noblest in the city, both in external architecture and 
interior arrangement ; with passenger-lift, spacious halls, 
and luxurious suites of apartments; and commending itself 
to travellers, of either continent, as a type of that world-wide 
celebrity, the American hotel of the first class. (In connec- 
tion, the Grand Union Hotel at Saratoga.) 

New York City. — Metropolitan Hotel. 

This large and magnificent hotel, at Broadway and Prince 
Street, among the most elegantly fitted and furnished of 
any in the United States, has lately passed into new ana 
most capable hands (see the oflQcial announcement), ensuring 
an increased and deserved popularity. The Metropolitan 
may be classed as the most thoroughly central house in the 
city, with unequalled convenience to routes of transit and 
places of amusement; has passenger-lift, elegant suites of 
rooms, and every modern luxury and appliance. (Ladies' 
and Gentlemen's Restaurant connected.) 

Niagara Falls. — International Hotel. 

This large and first-class hotel offers peculiar temptations 
to tourists, in its possession of all those modern luxurious 
improvements adding so materially to the pleasure of travel, 



818 SHORT- TRIP GUIDE. 

as well as in its charming location, immediately over the 
American Fall, at Prospect Point, with the bridge to Goat 
Island almost at its doors, opening all the scenic wonders of 
both Falls from that island, and the Sister Islands now 
bridged from it, and giving the grandest views of the great 
Upper Rapids. 

Niagara Falls. — Clifton House. 

The Clifton, an old and excellent house, familiar for many 
years to the people of two continents, must ever be a favorite 
with those who have once known its splendid location, on 
the Canadian side, at the verge of the river, and with the 
whole marvelous panorama of the American and Horseshoe 
Falls fully visible from its broad piazzas and mtmy windows 
— not to mention its comfort and luxury as a place of sojourn, 
in and of itself 

Omaha, Nebraska. — Metropolitan Hotel. 

By far the best house in the growing young city from 
which the Pacific trains take their departure for Ogden and 
San Francisco — centrally located, and under very prompt, 
efficient and courteous management. 

Ottawa, Can. — Hie Russell House. 

A first-class hotel, of large size and good management, 
located in the immediate vicinity of the Parliament Houses, 
Government Buildings, and Barrack Hill with its fine views; 
and indispensable to visitors to the Capital of the Dominion. 

Philadelphia. — Qontinental Hotel. 

One of the largest and most perfectly appointed houses in 
America, as well as one of the best-known — holding a pecu- 
liarly central position, on Chestnut Street, and combining 
with its large extent all those modern improvements and 
luxuries which have made the American hotel of the best 
class world-celebrated. Not to have visited the Continental, 



AMEBIC AN HOTELS FOR TRAVELLERS. 319 

is held to be equivalent to not having known the heart of 
Philadelphia, and consequently to have missed many of the 
most charming features of the second city of America. 

Philadelphia. — La Pierre House. 

A large and elegant hotel, with all the modern improve- 
ments ; located on Broad Street (" Fourteenth," in numbers), 
very near to Chestnut Street, and in the immediate neigh- 
borhood of the American Academy of Music — first house of 
entertainment on the continent. The La Pierre is considered 
especially eclectic as a residence, and will, at an early day 
(in preparation for the Centennial of 1876), undergo such 
enlargement as to make it one of the most extensive of 
American hotels as well as one of the most comfortable. 

PoRTLAifDj Me. — The Falmouth Hotel. 

This is the leading hotel of the commercial metropolis of 
Maine — port at which, in the winter season, the Allan 
Montreal steamers terminate their trips, and in all regards 
one of the most thriving cities of the East. The Falmouth 
is a first-class house, large, palatial in construction, and well 
kept; and it enjoys, as it deserves, the best patronage. 

EuTLAN"D, Vt. — The Bates House. 

The Bates House is the leading hotel of the handsome 
town of Rutland, and consequently a place of favorite resort 
for the enjoyment of the fine air and scenery of the Green 
Mountain region, as well as a favorite dinner-station on the 
railway-route between the Hudson and Saratoga, and Upper 
Yermont and Canada. It is thoroughly well kept, and 
deservedly a favorite with travellers. 

Sacramekto, California. — Grand Hotel. 

An admirably-kept as well as handsomely-furnished 
house, standing in the immediate neighborhood of the rail- 
road-depot, the steamboat-landing at the Sacramento River, 



320 SHORT-TRIP GUIDE. 

the Yolo Bridge, and other leading attractions of the capital 

of California. 

San" Fkakcisco, Gal. — Occidental Hotel. 

Californian hotels are considered models of perfection by 
travellers of the widest experience, and the Occidental 
stands at the head of even that favorite class. Its location^ 
on Montgomery Street, reaching from Bush to Sutter, i& 
unsurpassed ; its details of management embrace the most 
perfect of modern improvements ; and its celebrity, extend- 
ing over many years, as the virtual " Heart of Frisco," is- 
equally world-wide and well-merited, the true California 
"society" being always on view in its spacious halls and 
corridors. 

San Francisco, Gal. — GosmopoUtan HeteJ. 

One of the largest and most commodious hotels in the 
metropolis of the Pacific, very conveniently located at the 
very centre of tiae commercial city (Sansome, Bush and 
neighboring fine streets) ; making a specialty of affording: 
good rooms and choice California fare at rates somewhat 
below the first-class average on the coast ; and as a conse- 
quence exceedingly popular not only with the local residency 
and the world of transient travel, but as a place of more 
extended sojourn. 

Salt Lake City. — Walker House. 

Newly erected, with all modern improvements, and said 
to be a pleasing exception to the generally bad hotels of the 
"City of the Saints." 

St: Louis. — Southern Hotel. 

A large and handsome house, bearing the reputation of 
being the best among the St. Louis houses — no very high 
compliment, and yet perhaps sufficient for the traveller. 



AMERICAN H0TEL8 FOB TRAVELLERS. 321 

St. Albaks, Vt. — The Welden House. 

The Welden is properly considered amonaj the notable 
houses of New England, not only as a place of call for 
travellers, but one of more extended sojourn — St. Albans 
being a singularly-beautiful town, with lake and mountain 
views, and the Welden fronting on the City Park and being 
admirable in every detail of construction and management. 

Saratoga SPEiiiq"GS. — Grand Union Hotel. 

The Grand Union is one of the largest hotels in the world, 
second to no other in the extent and perfection of its appoint- 
ments, with grounds of rare magnificence (including the 
Opera House — grand music and ball room of the Spa), close 
proximity to the Congress Spring and the centre of the 
favorite watering-place of America, passenger-lift to cool 
and extensive ranges of luxurious apartments, and all the 
attractions and conveniences. (In connection, the Qilsey 
House, New York.) 

Toronto, Can. — The Rossin House. 

One of the largest and most complete houses in the Do- 
minion, with a flattering and well-deserved reputation as one 
of the best-kept and most carefully managed, as well as 
admirably located for visiting, the Lake Shore itself, the 
public buildings and fine grounds making Toronto a place of 
pleasant sojourn for all who once visit it. From the Rossin, 
the University, Osgoode Hall, and indeed all the more nota- 
ble structures of the town, can be reached at very limited 
distance in pleasant foot-excursions. 

WASHiN'GTOiir, D. C. — The Arlington. 

A house of high character and first-class patronage, under 
the same capable management as the Fort William Henry 
Hotel, Lake George, elsewhere mentioned at length. 



REMINDERS FOR RAMBLERS. 

[See announcement cards, following at close of the volame, for many 
particulars of value and interest.] 

SPECIAL ROUTES FOE TRAVELLERS. 

The Pennsylvania Central Railroad, now extend- 
ing (by the New Jersey Road to Philadelphia) from New 
York to Philadelphia, Harrisburg, Pittsburg, Cincinnati, 
etc. , to Chicago and the Great West ; with the especial fea- 
ures of the magnificent crossing of the Alleghany Mountains, 
and of being not only one of the most extensive in its con- 
nections, but one of the most safely and ably managed of 
American Railways. 

The Chicago and North- Western Railroad, one of 
the great enterprises of the North-West, leading from 
Chicago, by Fulton, Clinton, Cedar Rapids, Boone, etc., 
to Council Blufis, Omaha, and connecting there with the 
Pacific roads for California ; .also with lines leading directly 
from Chicago by Kenosha, Racine, etc., to Milwaukie ; and 
to Fort Howard, Green Bay, or direct connection to St. 
Paul and Lake Superior. 

The Union and Central Pacific Railroads, direct 
from Council Bluffs and Omaha, to San Francisco and the 
other California cities and natural curiosities ; by Cheyenne, 
Ogden, etc., with connections to Denver, the Colorado 
Mountains, Salt Lake City, the Great Mining Regions, and 
the innumerable points of interest of this largest and most 
notable of railway-routes in the world — as well as the Pacific 



BEMINDEB8 FOB BAMBLEB8. 323 

and its ports, and (by steamer from San Francisco), to Japan, 
CMna, the East Indies, Australia, and " round tbe world." 

The Day Line of Steamers on the Hudson River, 
from New York to West Point, the Catskill Mountains, etc., 
to Albany, supplying two of the fastest and most commo- 
dious steamers in the world, in the *'Chauncey Vibbard" and 
"Daniel Drew," carrying music on all trips, making the 
whole run, in either direction, by daylight, and affording op- 
portunities for observation of the whole line of Hudson River 
scenery, unattainable by any other route or mode. [See 
map of the Hudson, accompanying announcement.] 

The People^ s Line of Steamers between New York 
and Albany; leaving either place at evening and arriving 
at the other in the morning, in time for all railway con- 
nections ; and supplying, in the " St. John" and "Drew," the 
two noblest and most luxurious specimens of inland marine 
architecture on the globe, with accommodations of perfect 
completeness and princely splendor, while still making no 
heavy draft on the purse. [See map of the Hudson, accom- 
panying official annoancement, for connections, etc.] 

The Mary Poioell (steamer), running as an after- 
noon boat from New York to "West Point, Newburg, and 
other points on the Hudson, to Rondout (Kingston), passing 
through the Highlands by daylight, and affording the most 
charming of views of that splendid river scenery ; the boat 
herself, a favorite and a celebrity, and well known to many 
Englishmen who have never visited America, from the fine 
picture of her, as a type of American river steamers, in the 
Inman steamship office at Liverpool. 

One of tlie most extensive railway connections of 
the American Continent (after the incomparable length of the 
Pacific), is supplied by the Grand Trunk Bailway, of which 
the head offices are at Montreal, while in the main line and 
many branches are found facilities for reaching numberless 



324 8H0BT-TBIP GUIDE. 

points of interest, of the Korth and North-East, all the -way 
from Detroit and the Western cities, to Portland on the At- 
lantic. [See especially Route No.^ 19.] 

In an intimate connection with the G-rand Trunk 
Railway just named, is the line of steamers of the Canadian 
Navigation Company (head offices also in Montreal), affording 
transit by the St. Lawrence River, from Niagara Falls and 
Toronto, through the Thousand Islands and the other cele- 
brated points of beauty of the noble river, and supplying one 
of the most charming successions in American travel. [See 
especially Route No. 20.] 

Among the most extensive sea-coast routes in 
America, are those filled by the steamships of Clyde^s Coast- 
tcise and West India Steamship Lines, now numbering some 
twenty-five ships of large size and full power, with still 
others buildina: — and supplying the pleasantest of summer 
transit from New York to Charleston, S. C, and all the 
South-Eastern States; to Havana, and other West India 
ports ; to Galveston, and other towns of Texas and the 
South- West. Tourists, English or American, should make 
a note of the announcement, and remember the hint for hot- 
weather transit. 

The beauty' of the route between l^ew York and 
Newport and Boston, by the Long Island Sound, has been 
spoken of at length in its appropriate place ; but it is well 
additionally to understand, that the most magnificent as 
well as most popular of the Sound routes is that of the 
Narragan^ett Steamship Company^ of which the boats, leaving 
New York every evening, include the " Bristol" and " Prov- 
idence," the two largest and most splendid vessels of their 
class in the world, with bands of music and all the luxuries 
of travel. 

Among the most picturesque scenery in Amer- 
ica, is some of that to be found along the line of the Baltimore 



nEMINDEB8 FOB BAMBLEBS. 325 

and Ohio Bailroad^ westward from Baltimore or Washington, 
by Harper's Ferry and through the Alleghany Mountains ; 
and the road itself— one of the most extensive on the Con- 
tinent, supplies the great link of travel between the Capital 
and the Western, South-Western and Far- Western cities, 
with all the luxuries of transit added to the charms of scenery. 

KEW YOEK NOTABILITIES. 

The magnificent buildings of the Equitable Life 
Assurance Society, corner of Broadway and Cedar Street^ 
the Mutual Life Insurance Company, corner of Broadway 
and Liberty Street, and the New York Life Insurance Gom- 
Vany, 346 and 348 Broadway, — three of the actual sights of 
the city, without and within; while the three companies 
stand confessedly at the head of American Life Insurance, 
both in the extent of their operations and the thorough 
reliability of the investments made in them and by them. 
The visitor to New York will be well repaid for visiting 
either or all, as curiosities in business- architecture and fitting ; 
and the assurance is a corresponding one, that any invest- 
ment in life-insurance, made in either, will embody the best 
features of the science and prove among the profitable ac- 
tions of a life. 

The office of the Hanover Fire Insurance Com- 
pany^ in the Equitable Building, Broadway and Cedar 
Street — perhaps the handsomest, in its fitting-up, of any in. 
the city, and certainly among the most respectable and relia- 
ble of all, in the detail of property-security supplied by it. 

The Travelers' Insurance Company, of Hartford, 
Connecticut, of which the office is at Broadway and Fulton 
Street; and which is doing a work of unequalled usefulness, 
in its insurances against every kind of accident, to which the 
traveller is especially liable, while even the stay-at-home by 
no means always escapes corresponding casualties, as the 



326 8E0BT-TRIP GUIDE, 

claily records give abundant proof, and the frequent drafts 
on the treasury of this company to recompense lost lives or 
broken limbs (reaching to millions yearly) give conclusive 
evidence. 

One of the largest and most efficient printing- 
houses in the world, is that of Messrs. Poole & Madauchlan^ 
205 to 313 East Twelfth Street, New York, who acknowl- 
edge no superiors in the excellence of the work they 
supply, while they make the well-founded boast of being 
able to manufacture a book, from type-setting to binding, 
with a speed almost impossible elsewhere. A run through 
the establishment, with its perfection of machinery, extensive 
vaults, &c. , is a thing of no secondary consequence to the 
visitor to the city, as fully developing an American " institu- 
tion." 

The Tourist office of Goolc, Son S Jenkins, No. 
263 Broadway, demands more than the passing attention of 
the sojourner in New York ; as it is a branch of the immense 
travelling-house of Thomas Cook & Son, Fleet St., London, 
which has done so much to send tens of thousands comfort- 
ably and economically over the world, — and as at the New 
York house beneficial and reliable arrangements can be 
made, alike for tours of any extent in the Old World or 
over any part of the American continent. 

The NeiD Fifth Avenue Theatre, Broadway at 
Waverley Place and opposite the New York Hotel, worthily 
takes the place of its predecessor of the same name, located 
on Twenty-fourth Street and destroyed by fire on the New 
Year's Day of 1873. Under the same notably capable man- 
agement as the former house— that of Mr. Augustin Daly, 
successful dramatist as well — the new Fifth Avenue quite 
fills the place of the old, in the excellence of its company, the 
vivacity and interest of its entertainments, and the fashion- 
able character of its audiences. 



REMINDERS FOR RAMBLERS. 327 

Prominent among the features of New York City, 
stands Nibld's Garden^ large and elegant theatre, at Broad- 
way and Prince Street, and within the extensive bounds of 
the Metropolitan Hotel — erected on the site of the former 
house of the same name, and at which Messrs. Jarrett & 
Palmer keep up the reputation of the old Niblo's, by the 
production of the most gorgeous and magnificent spectacles, 
with fine ballet, music, and all the accessories to be found on 
the stage of either America or Europe. 

The clothing-house of Messrs J. M. Varian & Son, 
70 and 73 Bowery (near Canal Street), ISTew York, will be 
found exceedingly extensive and well supplied in every de- 
tail and department ; while the Messrs. Varian can exhibit to 
strangers, styles fully sustaining the American claim of 
making the most tasteful clothes in the world 

MISCELLAN'EOUS. 

Tlie Grant Locomotive Worhs, Paterson, New 
Jersey (on the Erie. Railway), where the tourist can make 
himself familiar with the appearance and construction of 
American road engines, in inspecting one of the largest and 
most complete locomotive shops in the world, from which 
emanated the splendid engine " America," taking the great 
gold medal at the Paris Exposition of 1867, and leading to 
a general regret that at least one of the powerful locomo- 
tives of this shop was not also sent to assist in maintaining 
American honor at the Vienna Exhibition of this year. 

The Union Pacific Lands announcement, follow- 
ing in that department, demands close attention, as the 
lands thus ofiered are among the most valuable in the world, 
forming one of the most profitable of investments, and one 
of the great dependences of European emigration to America, 
in the magnificent future, which must supply homes to 
fifty millions of the now overcrowded residents of the old 



328 SBOBT-TBIP GUIDE. 

world. Every facility offered in maps and circulars, on 
application. 

The announcement of Lands of the Nortliern 
Pacific Railroad ("The New North-West") will be found 
highly interesting to colonists, capitalists, and intending 
emigrants, as well as to the agricultural community at large ; 
the " Wheat Field of America" there offered under peculiar 
advantages, being one of the legitimate boasts of the con- 
tinent and one of the great agricultural dependences of the 
coming time, when the Northern road opens the country 
from the Lakes to the North Pacific. 

The Lands of the Brickslurg Tract attract special 
attention to the announcement offering them to resident 
Americans or intending emigrants, as they are certainly 
among the most valuable in the Union, from warmth of soil 
{fitting them for the finest market-garden purposes), con- 
venience to the best markets and the most valuable fertili- 
zers, and all the advantages of proximity to two great cities. 

' The Galaxy, one of the leading magazines of 
America, employing many of the best pens on both sides of 
the Atlantic, and with some specialties making it really a 
national feature ; this publication can by no means be ignored 
in taking into estimate the present status of American litera- 
ture. 

The Home Journal, really a New York feature, 
has now assumed, as a weekly publication, very much the 
same position towards society and the world of fashion, held 
in England by the Court Journal (so that many have called 
it " the Court Journal of America"), while it employs able 
pens and presents more noteworthy results in the field of 
legitimate literature than its English rival and yet co-worker 
can pretend to offer. It has become a necessity of the 
drawing-room : so much said, what need of other commenda- 
tion? 



BEM1NDER8 FOR RAMBLERS. 329 

A feature of importance in American manufac- 
tures, is to be found at Brattleboro, Vt., and at the New 
York house connected, in the Estey Cottage Organs, holding 
a high reputation in the musical world, and employing no 
less than seven large factories in making them rapidly 
enough to supply the immense demand at home and abroad. 
(Exhibited this year at Vienna.) 

California photography is admitted to be among 
the best in the world — quite as fine as that of Yenice, 
owing, no doubt, partially to the wonderfully clear air of 
the country ; and among the finest even of California pho- 
tographic pictures, stereoscopic, card, and larger views of 
scenery and places of interest, are to be found at WatkinS 
Yosemite Gallery, 429 Montgomery St., San Francisco, where 
a specialty is made of supplying the greatest variety and ex- 
cellence in the line. 

One of the places that should certainly be visited 
by the tourist, in San Francisco, is the house of Thomas 
Eouseworth & Co., No. 9 Montgomery St., under the Lick 
House, where not only all information as to routes may be 
secured, and arrangements made for proceeding in any di- 
rection of sight-seeing or pleasure-resort, — but where also 
may be inspected an immense variety of stereoscopic and 
other fine views of California and other Pacific scenery, and 
a thousand local curiosities. 

The Travelers* Official Guide, published monthly 
by the National Railway Publication Company, Philadelphia, 
is very correct, careful, and wonderfully comprehensive, and 
affords incomparably the best authority on the Western 
Continent, as to times of trains, connections, and every 
information necessary for the traveller. [To be purchased ut 
all news and periodical establishments.] 



ANNOUNCEMENTS. 




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TO-LITHOGRAPHIC 



8II0UT-TIiir G ULDE.— ANNOUNCEMENTS. 



1873. CUNARD LINE. 1873. 

EsiAULisHEu 1840. 

BRITISH AND NORTH AMERICAN 

Royal Mail Steamships, 

BETWEEN 

LIVERPOOL, BOSTON, AND NEW YORK, 

CALLING AT CORK HARIJOR. 



SCOTIA, 

BOTHNIA, 

ALGERIA, 

SAMARIA, 

ALEPPO, 

OLYMPUS, 



RUSSIA, 

SCYTIIIA, 

PARTIIIA, 

SIBERIA, 

ATLAS, 

MARATHON, 

IIECLA , 



JAVA, 

CHINA , 

CALABRIA, 

TAR I FA, 

SIDON, 

MOROCCO, 

KEDARy 



CUBA, 

ABYSSINIA, 

BATAVIA^ 

PALMYRA, 

MALTA, 



From Liverpool— Tnc^dzy^, Saturdays and Thursdays ; calling; at Cork 

Harbor the following days. From New York — Wednesdays 

and Saturdays. Frotn Boston — Tuesdays. 

Rates of Cabin Passage Money: 15 Guineas, 17 Guineas, and 21 Guineas, 
according to the accommodation. 
P.eturn Tickets (available for Six Months), 30 Guineas. 
Rates of Passage Money I>y the Steamers carrying no Steerage Passen- 
gers: Chief Cabin, Twenty-six Pounds; 
Second Cabin, Eighteen IVjunds. 
Return Tickets (available for Six Months), Chief Cabin, Fifty Pounds. 

Children between Two and Twelve Years, IIalf-Fare. 



These rates include Steward's Fee and Provisions, but without Wineb 
or Liquors, which can be obtained on board. 

Passengers booked through to San Francisco, China, Japan, India, 
New Zealand, and Australia, by Pacific Railway and Mail Steamers. 

The Passengers and Goods for New York are intended to be landed at 
Jersey City, within the jurisdiction of the Custom House of New York. 
tr47~ Ap7)ly at the Company's Office, New York, to Charles G. Franck- 
LYN, Agent; at the Company's Office, Hoston, to Jamks Alexandkr, 
Agent; in Halifax, to William (yUNARu ; in Havre, to Hurks & Mac 
IvER, 21 CJuai d'Orleans ; in Paris, to liuRNS & Mac Ivkr, 12 I'lace de 
la Bourse'; in London, to H. C(;naro, 6 St. Helens Place, IJishops- 
gate Street ; m Dundee, to G. & J. Hurns, Haltic Street ; in Glasgow, 
to G. & J. Burns, 30 Jamaica Street; in Belfast, to A. G. S. McCui-- 
LOCH ; in Queenstown, to D. & C. Mac Iver ; or to 

D. &. C. MAC IVER, 

8 Water .Street, Li vet pool 



8H0R T- TlilF G UIBE. —A NNO UN CEMENTS. 



INMAN LINE. 



NEIV YORK TO LIVERPOOL 1 

TWICE EVERY WEEK, 
(From Pier 45 North River, New York.) 



The Large, Full-Powered, Clyde-Built Steamships, 
CITY OF CHESTER, CITY OF LONDON, 

CITY OF WASHINGTON, 
CITY OF BALTIMORE^ 



CITY OF RICHMOND, 

CITY OF MONTREAL, 

CITY OF BRUSSELS, 

CITY OF PARIS, 

CITY OF BROOKLYN, 

CITY OF NEW YORK, 



CITY OF ANTWERP, 

CITY OF BRISTOL, 

CITY OF LIMERICK, 

CITY OF DURHAM. 



RATES OF PASSAGE. 

To Liverpool, $75 and $90, gold. I From Liverpool, $75 and Spofifold, 

I (15 to 18 Guineas.) 

Round.Trip Tickets, $135 and $150, gold. 



Steamers leave Liverpool every Tuesday and Thursday. 
" " QUEENSTOWN, every Wednesday «&: Friday. 

" " New York, every Thursday & Saturday. 



For further information, apply at the Company's Offices : 

Liverpool^ Wm. Inman, 62 and d^. Tower Buildings. 
Queenstown, C. & W. D. Seymour. 
London^ Eives & Allen, 61 King William Street. 

Paris., Bowles Bros. & Co., 12 Rue de la Pair. 

« J. W. Tucker & Co., 3 and 5 Rue Scribe. 

« Jules Decoue, 48 Rue Notre Dame des 

Victoires., Place de la Bourse. 
» 
Boston^ M. S. Creagh, 102 State Street. 

Philadelphia, O'Donnell & Faulk, 402 Chestnut Street, 

Chicago, Francis C. Brown, 86 S. Market St , andift 

New York to 

JOHN G. DALE, Ageftt, 

15 BROADWAY. 



8E0ET-TRIP GUIDE.— ANNOUNCEMENTS, 

LIVERPOOL 

AND 

NEW YORK STEAMERS 

Carrying the United States Mails. 



MANHATTAN, DACOTAH, 

IDAHO, NEVADA, 

MINNESOTA, WYOMING, 

WISCONSIN, MONTANA. 



The above Steamers are New, of the Largest Class, and built 
expressly for the Trade. Have five Water-Tight Bulkheads^ 
and carry experienced Officers, Surgeons and Stewardesses. "^ 

The Saloon accommodations and attendance are unsurpassed 
by any Atlantic Steamers. 



SAILING FROM 

Liverpool and New York on Wednesdays, 

(Calling at Queenstmvn to land and receive Mails and Passengers.) 



PASSAGE. 

New York to Liverpool . . $80 gold. 

Liverpool to New York . £1^ or ;^i8. 

{^According to Staterooms.) 
AGENTS, 

GUION & GO., WILLIAMS & GUION, 

Liverpool. 6^ Wall Street^ Ne^u York, 

A. S. PETRIE&CO., J. M. CURRIE, 

1 1 Old Broad St., London. Paris and Havre, 



SHORT-TRIP GUIDE.— ANNOUNCEMENTS. 

NATIONAL LINE. 



Steamers Weekly, between 

New York, Liverpool and Queenstown. 



SPAIN, - - 


4,871 


tons. 


ENGLAND, 


3,441 tons 


EGYPT. - - 


- 5.150 




THE QUEEN, 


- 4,470 " 


ITALY, - - 


4,34° 




HELVETIA, 


4,020 " 


HOLLAND, - 


- 3,847 




ERIN, - - 


- 4,030 " 


FRANCE, - 


3,676 




CANADA, - 


4,500 " 


DENMARK, - 


- 3.724 




GREECE, 


- 4,500 '"■ 



The above powerful British-built Iron Steamships, with spar decks, 
and water-tight compartments, 

THE LARGEST IN THE TRADE, 

during the season of 1873, will form this favorite line, leaving 

LIVERPOOL, . . EVERY WEDNESDAY. 

QUEENSTOWN, . . EVERY THURSDAY. 

NE W YORK, . . E VER Y SA TURD A Y. 

Fortnightly to and from LO NITON DIRECT. 

From the Company's Wharves, 

Piers 44 and 47, North River. 

— X — 

Rates of Passage Payable in U.S. Currency ; 

ist. 2d. 

To Liverpool, Queenstown, or Londonderry, - - $90 $80 

London, {via Liverpool,) ------- 100 90 

Hamburg, ---------- 115 100 

Bremen, - -------- 125 no 

Antwerp, ----------115 100 

Havre, - 115 ico 

Paris, - - - - - - - - - • "5 100 

Tickets to Liverpool and return, _ - - - - - 150 

Prepaid Cabin Tickets from Liverpool or Queenstown, - 90 80 

Steerage outw.ards, $29. 

The ad rate includes first-class to London, Paris, &c. 

F. W. J. HURST, Manager, 

69 BROADWAY. 



SHORT-TRIP aUlDE.^ANNOUNGEMENTS. 

1823. 
STEAMERS TO FRANCE DIRECT. 

Transit by Railroad, and crossing the English Channel avoided. 

The General Transatlantic Go's 

FIRST-CLASS STEAMSHIPS 



PEREIRE. 
VILLE DE PARIS. 
ST. LAURENT. 
VILLE DU HAVRE. 
EUROPE. 
WASHINGTON. 
VILLE DE BREST. 
NOUVEAU-MONDE. 



ATLANTigUE. 

FRANCE. 

PANAMA. 

VILLE DE ST. NAZAIRE. 

VILLE DE BORDEAUX. 

LOUISIANE. 

FLORIDE. 

MARTINIQUE. 



GUADELOUPE 
DESIRADE. 
•GUYANE. 
SONORA. 
CARIABE. 
CACIQUK. 
CARANELLE. 



Postal Lines of the General Transatlantic Co. 

From HAVRE to NEW YORK, calling at Brest, 

and vice versa, . . . " Saturdays, 

From ST. NAZAIRE to VERA CRUZ, calling at 
Santander, St. Thomas and Havana, and vice 
versa, Once a Month. 

Fi-om ST. NAZAIRE to ASPINWALL, calling at 
Martinique, La Guayra and St. Martha, and 
vice versa, Once a Month. 

From PANAMA to VALPARAISO, calling at 

Intermediate Ports, and vice versa, . . Once a Month. 
BRANCH LINES. 

Prom ST. THOMAS to ASPINWALL, calhng at 
Porto Rico, Hayti, Santiago de CulDa, Kings- 
ton, Jamaica, and vice versa, . . . Once a Month, 

From ST. THOMAS to FORT DE FRANCE, 
(Martinique,) calling at Basse Terre, (Guade- 
loupe,) Pointe a Petre, (Guadeloupe,) St. Pierre, 
(Martinique. ) and vice versa, . . . Once a Month, 

From FORT DE FRANCE, (Martinique.) to 
CAYENNE, calling at St. Lucia, St. Vincent, 
Grenada. Trinidad, Demerara, Surinam, and 
vice versa, . . . . . . Once a Month. 

The splendid Steamers of the South Pacific Line leave Panama for 
Valparaiso and Intermediate Ports, on the 30th of every month, and con- 
nect closely with the Steamers of the Pacific Mail S. S. Company leaving 
New York on the isth of every month for AspinJvall. 

For Rates of Passage and Freight, Dates of Departure, or further 
Information, apply to 

GEO. MACKENZIE, Agent, 58 Broadway. 



SHOB T- TRIP Q UIDE. —ANNO UNCEMENTS- 




Between New York and Glasgow, 

Sailing Every Wednesday and Saturday. 



The Powerful Clyde-built Steamers, 

ANGLIA, ETHIOPIA, OLYMPIA, 

AUSTRALIA, EUROPA, TRINACRIA, 

BOLIVIA, INDIA, UTOPIA, 

CALIFORNIA, ITALIA, VICTORIA, 

Aad more than a score of other First-Class Ships, comprising one of the 
largest fleets in any service. 



Passengers booked to or from Liverpool^ Glasgow^ London 

Queenstowny or Londonderry^ at as lov; rates as 

by any other first-class line. 



Through Tickets issued to and from any Seaport or 
Railway Station in the World. 



The Anchor Line Steamers are 

FIRST CLASS IN EVER V RESPECT, 

Safe, Comfortable, Reliable, Splendidly Equipped, and in their Appoint" 
ments and Equipments not excelled by any other line. 



COMPANY'S OFFICES : 

LIVE/? POOL, 17 Water Si. GLASGOW, 51 Union St. 

LONDONDERRY, 2,0 Foyle St. CHICAGO, N. E. corner of 
KEW YORK, 7 Bowling Green. Madison and La Salle Sts, 

HENDERSON BROTHERS, Agents. 



SHORT-TRIP OUIDE.— ANNOUNCEMENTS. 



NORTH GERMAN LLOYD. 

STEAM BETWEEN 
Bremen^ {via Southampton and Havre) 

AND THE PORTS OF 

New Yorkf Baltimore, New Orleans^ Havana^ 
Aspinwall, &c. 

The Screw Steamers of the North German Lloyd : 



Rhein, 

Main, 

DONAU, 

Deutschland, 

KOLN, 

Neckar, 

Leipzig, 

konig wilhelm i., 

General Von Roon 



Weser, 

Hermann, 

New York, 

Hannover, 

Strassburg, 

Baltimore, 

Ohio, 

America, 

Bremen, 



Hansa, 
Frankfurt, 

MOSEL, 

Berlin, 
Bismarck, 
Graf Moltke, 
Oder, 



Habsburg, 

Hohengolern, 

hohenstauffer, 

Salier, 

Braunschweig, 

Nurnberg. 

General Werder, 



Kronprinz Friedrich Wilhelm. 



These Vessels carry the German^ British and United States Mails, 

and leave 

Bremen for New York, every Wednesday and Saturday. 

" for Baltimore, on alternate Wednesdays. 

" for New Orleans, once every month. 

" for Aspinwall, " " « 

New York for Bremen, via Southampton, every Wednes- 
day and Saturday. 
Baltimore for Bremen, on alternate Saturdays. 
New Orleans for Bremen, once every month. 
Aspinwall for Bremen, " " " 

The above vessels have been constructed in the most approved manner; 
they are of 3,000 tons, and 700 horse-power each, and are commanded by 
men of character and experience, who will make every exertion to pro- 
mote the comfort and convenience of passengers. They touch at South- 
ftmpton, on the outward trip, for the purpose of landing passengers for 
England and France. 

These Vessels take Freight to Bremen, London, Hull, Rotterdam, 
Antwerp, and Hamburg, for which through bills of lading are signed. 

An experienced surgeon is attached to each vessel. 

All letters must pass through the post-office. 

Specie taken to Havre, Southampton and Bremen at the lowest rates. 

For Prices of Passage, and all further particulars, apply to NORTH 
GERMAN LLOYD, Bremen: KELLER, WALLIS & POSTLE- 
THWAITE, Southampton: PHILLIPPS, GRAVES, PHILLIPPS & 
CO., i;«7«<&«/ L'HERBETTE, KANE & CO., Havre and Paris: 
OELRICHS & CO., New York: A. SCHUMACHER & CO., BaltU 
more: ED, F. STOCKMEYER, iView Orleans: H. UPMAN & CO^ 
Havana :W. P. MAAL Y HERMANO, ^j/z«it/a// 



SHORT-TRIP GUIDE.— ANNOUNCEMENTS. 

BROWN BROTHERS & CO. 

59 Wall Street, New York, 

Issue, against cash deposited, or satisfactory guarantee of repayment. 
Circular Credits for Travelers, in dollars for use in the United States and 
adjacent countries, and in Pounds Sterling for use in any part of the 
world. 

These credits, bearing the signature of the holder, afford a ready 
means of identification, and the amounts for which they are issued can 
be availed of from time to time, and wherever he may be, in sums to 
meet the requirements of the traveler. 

Applications for Credits may be made to the above house direct, or 
through any first-class bank or banker. 



They also issue Commercial Credits, make Cable Transfers of Money 
between America and England, and Draw Bills of Exchange between 
leading Cities of the two Continents. 

BROWN, SHIPLEY &- CO., 

Founder's Court, Lothbury, London. 

BROWN, SHIPLEY &> CO., 

Chapel Street, Liverpool. 

DREXEL, MORGAN & CO., 

WALL ST., COR. BROAD, 
NEW YORK. 



DREXEL & CO., 

34 SOUTH THIRD STREET, 

PHILADELPHIA. 



DREXEL, HARJES & CO., 

2 RUE SCRIBE, 
PARIS. 



ISSUE 

Special Letters of Credit for use throughout the 
United States and Canada. 



TELEGRAPHIC TRANSFERS" 

To and from Havana, San Francisco, and other 
American Cities. 



CORRESPONDING HOUSE IN LONDON, 

Messrs. J. s. moegan & CO. 



SHOET-TBIP GUIDE.— ANNOUNCEMENTS. 

Duncan, Sherman & Co., 

BANKERS, 

Corner of Pine and Nassau Sfs., New York^ 

ISSUE 

CIRCULAR NOTES and TRAVELING CREDITS, 
Available ia all the Principal Cities of the World. 



TRANSFERS OF MONEY BY TELEGRAPH TO EUROPE, 
CUBA, AND THE PACIFIC COAST. 



Accounts of Country Banks and others Received, 

John Munroe & Company, 

BANKERS, 

No. 8 Wall street, New York, and 
No. 41 State Street, Boston, 

ISSUE 

CIRCULAR LETTERS of CREDIT for Travelers, 

ON THE 

CONSOLIDATED BANK, London, 

AND ON 

Munroe & Company, 

No. 7 R%ie Scribe, PARIS. 



EXCHANGE ON LONDON AND PARIS 



SHOBT- TRIP Q UIUE.—ANNO UJS^ CEMENTS. 
BANKING HOUSE OF 

HEISTR-Y OLE^\^S &- CO., 

32 Wall Street, N. Y. 



OXiE^vV^S, HABICHT & CO.. 

II Old Broad Street, London, 

Bankers & Fiscal Agents for the U. S. Gov't for all foreign countries. 

Draw Bills of Exchange on England, Ireland, Scotland & the Continent. 
Issue Commercial Credits for use in Europe, South America,%East and 

West Indies, China and Japan ; also, 
■Circular Notes and i'ravellers' Credits, available in all parts of the 

world. 
Telegraphic Transfers of Money on Europe, Havana and California. 
X)eposit Accounts Received in either Currency or Coin, subject to 

Check without notice. Interest allowed on all daily balances. 

Checks upon us pass through the clearing house, as if drawn upon 

any city bank. 
Certificates of Deposit issued, payable on demand or at fixed date, 

bearing interest, and available at all money centres. 
Collections made everywhere. Advances made on approved Collaterals. 
Investment Orders executed. 

State, City and Railroad Loans Negociated. 



WILLIAMS & GUION, 

63 WALL ST., NEW YORK. 
Travelers' and Commercial Credits Issued, 

Available in all parts of Europe^ Vc. 

BILLS OF EXCHANGEE 

Drawn m sums to suit purchasers ; ALSO CABLE TRANSFERS. 



Advances Made upon Consignments of Cotton and 
other Produce to Ourselves or Correspondents. 

GUION & CO., 

ALEX. S. PETRIE & CO., Liverpool. 

London. 



SSOBT-TRIP GUIDE—ANNOrmCEMBNTS. 

MORTON, BLISS & CO., 

Bankei^s, 
I Broad Streety New York^ 

ISSUE 

CIRCULAR NOTES and LETTERS OF CREDIT 

For Travellers ; also 
COMMERCIAL CREDITS 

available in all parts of the world. 

Negotiate First-Class Railway, City and State Loans, make 

Telegraphic Transfers of Money, allow Interest 

on Deposits and Draw Exchange on 

MORTON, ROSE &' CO., London, 

HOTTINGUER <Sr» CO,, Paris, 

HOPE 6» CO., Amsterdam. 

ANDREWS & CO., 

ID Place Vendome, Paris, 

WALKER, ANDREWS & CO., 

1 4 Wall Street, New York, 
*^^-* 



CIRCULAR NOTES for £io, £20 and £50 on Union Bank 
of London, payable free of all commissions. 

LETTERS OF CREDIT on Union Bank of London and Paris 
House, payable either in Sterling or Francs, at the option of 
the holder. 

CASH Letters of Credit, Circular Notes on London, and buy 
and sell drafts on New York, London, Paris and other 
cities, at best rates. 

INTEREST PAID ON DEPOSITS 



SUOBT- TRIF VIDE. —ANNO UNCEMENTS, 

Jay Cooke, McCulloch & Co. 

41 LOMBARD STREET, 4 1 

LONDON, 



JAY COOKE & CO. 

20 WALL ST., 114 SO. THIRD ST., 

NEW YORK. PHILADELPHIA, 

iSth STREET, opp. U. S. Treasury, 
WASHINGTON. 



Exchange Sold on all Leading Cities 

OF 

UNITED STATES AND CANADA, 
PA YABLE IN DOLLARS, GOLD, or CURRENCY. 

Sterling Drafts & Cable Transfers on America. 

CIRCULAR LETTERS OF CREDIT 
For Travellers. 

COMMERCIAL CREDITS. 



SHOR T' TRIP G UIDE.— ANNOUNCEMENTS, 




HANOVER 



Fire Insurance Company, 

OF THE CITY OF NEW YORK, 

Office, No. 1 20 Broadway, cor. Cedar St., 

(Equitable Life Assurance Go's Building.) 



Incorporated 1852. 



B. S. WALCOTT, President. 
I. REMSEN LANE, Secretary, 
HENRY KIP, Assistant Secretary, 



Cash Assets, 



$886,540.40. 



AGENCIES IN ALL THB PRINCIPAL TOWNS IN THE UNITED STATES. 

Eastern Agency Department, • THOMAS JAMES, Actuary. 

Western and Southern Agency Department, " The Underwriters 

Agency," K. ^1QT>T> AWT, General Agmk 



SHORT-TRIP GUIDE.— ANNOUNCEMENTS. 

The Mutual Life 

Insurance Company 

OF NEW YORK, 

144 AND 146 Broadway, 

NEW YORK CITY. 



F. S. WINSTON, President. 



Cash Assets OVER $56,000,000. 

Invested in Loans on Bond and Mortgage^ or 
United States Stocks. 



Issues every approved description of Life and 
Endowment Policies on selected lives at Moderate 
Rates, returning all surplus annually to the policy- 
holders, to be used eitlier in payment of premiums, 
or to purchase additional insurance, at the option of 
the assured. 



RICHARD A. McCURDY, Vice-President. 

JOHN M. STUART, Secretary. 

WM. H. C. BARTLETT, LD.D., Actuary. 



SHORT-TRIP OUIT)E.— ANNOUNCEMENTS. 



THE 



EQUITABLE 

LIFE ASSURANCE SOCIETY 

OF THE UNITED STATES. 

No. I20 BROADWAY, NEW YORK. 








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Purely Mutual. Annual Dividends, 



New Business larger than any other Company in America or Europe. 
Average Annual Growth greater than any other leading Company. 
Percentage of Losses to Policies in force, less than any other. Per- 
centage of Expenses to Income, less than the average of other New 
York Companies. 



OJ^FICERS.- 

WILLIAM C. ALEXANDER, President. 

HENRY B. HYDE, [ ... „ . , , 

JAMES W. ALEXANDER, f ^'^^■^^^^''^^'''^^• 
SAM'L BORROWE, Secretary. 

WILLIAM ALEXANDER, Ass' t Secretary. 

GEO W. PHILLIPS, \ . , 

J. G. VAN CISE, '\^^t^^^rzes. 

W. P. HALSTED. i ^ ^v 

THEODORE WESTON, j^^'"^^''"'-^- 



SHOE. T- TRIP G UIBE.—ANNO UNCEMENT8. 



Commenced Business in 1845. 



NEIV YORK 

LIFE INSURANCE CO. 




346 & 848 BROi^DW^A-Y. 

Assets, ^21,000,000. 

Annual Income, ^8,000,000. 

Has Issued Nearly One Hundred Thousand Policies, 

Its Experience of more than a Quarter Century is an assurance against 
all doubtful experiments in the conduct of its business. 

It grants all desirable forms of Life Insurance, 

On Practical Plans and most Favorable Terms. 

ORDINARY LIFE POLICIES, LIMITED-PAYMENT LIFE 

POLICIES, ENDOWMENTS, ANNUITIES, AND 

TONTINE INVESTMENT POLICIES. 

MORRIS FRANKLIN, 
THEODORE M. BANTA, Cashier. President. 

T^ r^.r^^rT e - .. • WILLIAM H. BEERS, 

D. O DELL, Sup t of Agencies. \^ice-Pres't and Actuary. 




SHOR T- TRIP G UIDE—ANNO UNCEMENTS. 



IMPORTANT ^((iSflMF^^ TO TRAVELERS. 
THE 

Travelers Insurance Co. 

OF HARTFORD, CONN. 

Cash Assets, $2,260,000. 

Grants everything desirable in 

LIFE AND ACCIDENT INSURANCE, 

ON THE MOST FA VOKABLE TERMS. 

ACCIDENT DEPARTMENT. ^ 
The Travelers Insurance Company, in its Accident Department, 
is a General Accident Insurance Company granting policies of insur- 
ance aa^ainst Deatli or wholly Disabling Injury by ACCIDENT, to 
Men 01 all trades, professions and occupations, at rates within the reach 
of all. Policies are written for a term of one to twelve months each, 
and insure a sum of $500 to $10,000, at rates of premiums designated to 
cover risks at home and abroad-7-and covering all varieties of occupa- 
tions. 

LIFE DEPARTMENT. 
In its Life Department, the Travelers grants full Life and En- 
dowment Policies, embracing the best features of the best companies, 
as to non-forfeiture, terms ol payment, etc.. but without any of the com- 
pLications or uncertainties of tlie note system. 

All policies non-forfeitable. Its five, ten, fifteen and twenty year 
policies can be converted into endowments, at the option of tlie insurant. 
This feature is original with tliis Company. 

The Travelers furnishes everything desirable in either Li/e or Acci- 
</(?«i! insurance. It has issued 300,000 general accident policies, and /a/tf 
fifteen thousand claims for death or injury by accident. It has issued 
between ten and twelve thousand full life pohcies, since the Life De{)art- 
ment was established, and Is making good and safe progress as a life 
company. Its capital and surplus amount to $1,850,000 — giving $182 casii 
assets for every $100 of liability, thus furnishing an amount of financial 
security rarely, if ever, equalled by any Life Insurance Company. 

JAMES G. BATTERSON, President. 

RODNEY DENNIS, Secretary. 

CHAS. E. WILSON, AssH Secretary, 

GEO. B. LESTER, Actuary. 

Policies written immediately on application, at the 

New Fork Office., 207 Broadway. 

R. M. JOHNSON, Managet. 



SHOE T- TllIP Q UIDE.—ANNO UNCEMENTS. 

■ 

Pennsylvania Railroad, 

THE GREAT TRUNK LINE, 

And most Direct Route to the West, Northwest and 
Southwest. 

Speed, Comfort and Safety Guaranteed by Steel Rails^ 

Iron Bridges, Stone Ballast, Double Track, 

Westinghouse Air-Brake, and the 

Most hnproved Equipment. 

Pullman Palace Day and Sleeping Cars are run by this 
Line from New York and Philadelphia, to 

Chicago, St. Louis, 

Louisville, Indianapolis, 

Cincinnati, Columbus, 

without change. 

Tickets sold and information given in regard to trains, &c., at the 
Offices of the Company : 

BOSTON : 

Nos. 77 and 79 Washington Street. 



NEW YORK 



No. 526 Broadway, No. 435 Broadway, No. 271 Broadway, 
No. I Astor House, No. 944 Broadway, No. 8 Battery Place, 

Depot, foot of Desbrosses Street, Depot, foot of Cortlandt Street. 

PHILADELPHIA : 

No. 901 Chestnut St., No. 838 Chestnut St., No. 116 Market St.,, 

No. 4900 Main St., Germantown. Depot, 32d and Market Sts. 

BALTIMORE : 

N. E. cor. Baltimore and Calvert Sts. Calvert St. Station, N. C. Railway. 

WASHINGTON : 

N. E. cor. 13th Street and Pennsylvania Avenue, 

N. E. cor. 6th Street and Pennsylvania Avenue. 
Depot, Baltimore and Potomac Railroad, cor. 6th and B Streets. 

PITTSBURG : 

Union Depot, and 78 Fifth Avenue. 

Principal Ticket Offices in New England, Eastern Pennsylvania, and at 
all Hotel Ticket Offices. 

A. J. CASSATT, D. M. BOYD, Jr., 

General Manager. Gen. Pass. Agt, 



SHORT- TRIP G UIDE.—ANNO UNCEMENTS. 
THE 

Baltimore and Ohio Railroad 

AND 

GREAT NATIONAL ROUTE, 

FROM 

BALTIMORE AND WASHINGTON 

TO 

Pittsburg, Cincinnati, Columbus, Indianapolis 

St. Louis, Kansas City, St. Joseph, Omaha, 

San Francisco, Louisville, Nashville, 

. Memphis, Vicksburg, New Orleans, 

Mobile, Galveston, and all the 

leading cities of the West, 

South-West and the 

North-West. 



Route Passes through splendid scenery of the Alle- 
gheny Mountains, West Virginia, Ohio, &c. 



Double Track, Steel Rail and Stone 
Ballasted Road. 



Magnificent Day Passenger Cars and Pullman Draw- 
ing Room Pay and Sleeping Coaches, through 
to principal cities without change. 



Great Public Thoroughfare between the 
South-Past afid West. 



L. M. COLE, GenH TtcketAgt. 
BALTIMORE. 



SI D N EY B. J N ES, Gen'lFass.Agf, 
CINCINNATI. 



,THOS. KILKENY, Gen'l New York Passenger Agent, 
229 Broadway, New York. 



SHORT-TRIP GUIDE.— ANNOUNCEMENTS. 

Chicago and North Western 
RAILWAY. 

Passfengers for all Points North or West of Chicago and the 

Will find this the Shortest and most Comfortable Route, 
as. it is the Line over which the Celebrated 

PULLMAN DINING CARS 

AND 

- SLEEPING COACHES 

ARE RUN BETWEEN 

Chicago and San Francisco, 



Passengers should be particular to ask for Through Tickets via 

Chicago and North- JVestern Railway, 

On sale at all Principal R. R. Offices in the U. S. and Canadas. 

i]sr OHic^GO, 

AT THE COMPANY'S DEPOTS. 
H. P. Stanwood, M. Hughitt, . 

Gen'l Ticket Agent. Gen'l Suft. 

Or. T. TsTUTTER, 

General Eastern Agent, 229 Broadway^ New York. 



SHORT-TRIP VIDE— ANNO UNGEMEN TJS, 



CHEAP FARMS! FREE HOMES! 

ON THE LINE OF THE 

UNION PACIFIC RAILROAD I 

A Land grant of 13,000.000 acres of the best Farming and Min- 
eral Lands of America. 

3,000,000 Acres in Nebraska, in the Great 

Platte Valley, 

the garden of the west, now for sale ! 

These lands are in the central portion of the United States, on the 41st 
degree of North Latitude, the central line of the great Temperat Zone 
of the American Continent, and for grain growing and stock raising un- 
surpassed by any in the United Slates. 

Cheaper in Price, More Favorable Terms Give ft, and More 
Convenient to Market than 'ca7t be found Elsewhere. 

FIVE AND TEN YEARS' CREDIT GIVEN, WITH INTEREST 
AT SIX PER CENT. 

COLONISTS and ACTUAL SETTLERS can buy on Ten Years' 
Credit. LANDS at the Same Price to all CREDIT PURCHASERS. 



A Deduction of Ten Per Cent, for Cash. 



FREE HOMESTEADS FOR ACTUAL SETTLERS. 



THE BEST LOCATIONS FOR COLONIES. . 



PERSONS OF FOREIGN BIRTH 

ARE ENTITLED TO THE 

BENEFIT OF THE HOMESTEAD LA W 

On declaring their intention to become citizens of the United States, and 
may avail themselves of this provision immediately 

AFTER their ARRIVAL. 



FREE PASSES TO PURCHASERS OF LAND, 

Send for new Descriptive Pamphlet, with new Maps, published ia 
Sngush, German, Swedish and Danish, mailed free everywhere. 

Address, 

O. F. 33 AVIS, 

Laud Commissioner, U. P. R. R. Co., Omaha, Nebraska, U. S. A- 



SHOBT-TBIP GUIDE.— ANN0UNCBMEST8. 



THE NEW NORTHWEST. 



The Fertile Belt of country— i,8oo miles long, and at least 700 in width 
-extending from Lake Superior to Puget Sound, and now being devel- 
oped by the ra} id construction of the Northern Pacific Railroad, is 
Erobably not surpassed by any area of like extent on the continent for 
ealthfulness, abundance and diversity of resources, and capacity for 
sustaining a dense population. Besides its wealth of Minerals and Tim- 
ber, it admirably combines the three essentials of a good farming and 
grazing country, namely— a temperate Climate, a naturally rich Soil, 
and a fair supply of moisture. 

The climate of Central Minnesota (the coldest point on the Northern 
Pacific Road), is much like that of Central New York— without its damp- 
ness and chill. From Minnesota whstward the seasons grow steadily 
MILDER, modified by the great depression of the continent along the 46th 
parallel, the warm winds from the Pacific Ocean, and other influences, 
so that Dakota has the climate of Iowa, with a drier atmosphere : the 
valleys of Montana that of Ohio, with less snow and without its winter 
discomfort • Washington and Oregon, like California, have the winter 
climate of Southern Virginia, with summers like those of New England. 
The entire line of the road lies considerably south of the latitude of Paris 
and Vienna. The remarkable healthfulness of the climate of the New 
North-west has become proverbial. 

THE WHEAT FIELD OF AMERICA ! 

Healthful Climate, Free Homes, Good Markets. 

THE NORTHERN PACIFIC RAILROAD oflTers for sale its LANDS 
IN CENTRAL AND WESTERN MINNESOTA, embracing; i— The 
best of Wheat Land ; 2— Excellent Timber for the Mill, the Farm and 
the Fire : 3— Rich Prairie Pasturage and Natural Meadow, watered by 
clear Lakes and running streams— in a Healthful Climate, where Fever 
AND Ague is unknown. 

GRAIN can be shipped hence by Lake to Market as cheaply as from 
Eastern Iowa or Central Illinois. Cars now run through these Lands 
from Lake Superior to Dakota. Price of land close to track, $4.00 to $8.00 
per acre ; further away. $2.50 to $4.00. Seven Years' Credit ; Warrantee 
Deeds ; Northern Pacific 7-30 Bonds, now selling at par, received for 
land at $1.10. No other unoccupied Lands present such advantages to 
settlers. 

SOLDIERS under the New Law (March 1872), get 160 acres FREE, 
near the Railroad, by one and two years' residence. 

TRANSPORTATION AT REDUCED RATES furnished from all 
principal points East to purchasers of Railroad Lands, and to settlers on 
Government Homesteads. Purchasers, their wives and children carried 
FREE over the Northern Pacific Road. Now is the time for Settlers and 
Colonies to get Railroad Land and Government Homesteads close to 
the track. 

Send for PAMPHLET containing full information, map and copy of 
New Homestead Law. Address 

Land Department, Northern Pacific Railroady 

St. Paul, Minnesota, or, 23 Fifth Ave.. New York. 



SHORT-TRIP 9 UIDB.— ANNOUNCEMENTS. 

Warm and Fertile New Jersey Lands 



OF THE 



BRICKSBURG TRACT. 



12, OCX) acres of these choice lands now for sale, and offering 
the greatest inducements, not only to resident Americans, but to 

Europeans Intending Emigration to America. 



These Lands lie m-idway between New York and Philadelphia^ 
with frequent and easy transit in both directions, and consequent 

EASY ACCESS TO MARKET, 

AS WELL AS 

FREEDOM FROM ALL MALARIOUS DISEASES. 



Soil warm, rich and fertile, suitable for Grains, Fruits, Vege- 
tables and Market Gardening. Convenient to the great fertilizer, 
New Jersey Marl. Handsome village of Bricksburg near, with 
Churches, Schools, Manufactures, and Manufacturing Facilities. 

TERMS OF SALE EASY. 
Colonies, Companies, or Individuals are invited to address 

ROBERT CAMPBELL, 

153 Broadway, New York> 
or, Benj. Snyder, Bricksburg, Ocean Co., New Jersey. 



SHORT TRIP GUIDE.- ANNOUNCEMENTS. 
To the Touristy Traveler and Pleasure Seeker. 

EXCURSION SEASON of 1873 

VIA NIAGARA FALLS, 

LAKE ONTARIO AND RAPIDS OF THE ST. 
LAWRENCE, 

To Montreal, Quebec, River Saguenay, Ha Ha Bay, 
White Mountains, Profile and Crawford Houses, Lake 
Champlain, Lake George, Saratoga, Portland, Lake 
Memphremagog, Boston, Newport, Albany, Hudson 
River, &c., &c.. 
Via Grand Trunk Railway and Royal Mail 
Line of Steamers, 

AND THEIR CONNECTIONS. 

w^Sp' This Route possesses peculiar advantages, as by it parties have 
\.^& their choice of conveyance between NIAGARA FALLS and 
QUEBEC, over the whole or any portion of it, without being obliged 
to decide when purchasing their Tickets. Consequently, should the 
weather prove unfavorable, passengers maj'- avoid Lake Ontario by- 
taking the Grand Trunk Railway to Kingston, and from thence by one 
of the above steamers, making close connections. The Grand Trunk 
Railway, and also the Canadian Navigation Company's line of steamers 
oifer better inducements to the traveling public than ever before. The 
Grand Trunk Railway is rapidly being relaid with the finest STEEL 
RAILS. Additions and improvements have been made to the ordinary- 
First Class Cars, and the Grand Trunk Railway is now equipped with 
the very latest improved PULLMAN PALACE CARS. Between To- 
ronto and Montreal, Montreal and Quebec, Quebec and Riviere du Loup, 
Pullman's Palace Cars are run on both day and night trains. 

The favorite Steamers of the Royal Mail Line have been thoroughly 
•overhauled and refitted and partly refurnished. Two fine new composite 
steamers, the Bavarian and Bohemian, have also been added to the 
Line, and altogether the arrangements, both Railway and Steamer, are 
now such as to afford Tourists the greatest possible comforU 

The Only Route to the WHITE MOUNTAINS by which parties can 
ascend the celebrated Mount Washington via the Glen and via the Car- 
riage Road. 

Excursion Tickets, Round Trip, at reduced rates, for upwards 
of one Hundred different routes, for sale at all the principal Hotels 
and Ticket Offices in New York, Philadelphia, Baltimore, etc., 
and at the General Agency of the Grand Trunk Railway, No. 175 
Broadway, New York. 

ED WD P. BEACH, Gen I Agent, 

175 Broadway, New York. 
I. F. HiCKS, Passenger Agents 

175 Broadway, New York. 



SROR r- TRIP G UID E. —A NNO UKGEMENTS. 

1873. To Tourists & Pleasure Seekers. 1873. 
• IMPROVED ARRANGEMENT, 

Canadian Navigation Go's 

LINE 

OF THROJ/GH STEAMERS. 

Niagara Falls to Montreal, Quebec, White Mountains, 

Lake Champlain, River Saguenay, Ha Ha Bay, 

Portland, Boston and New York. 

The Canadian Navigation Company's steamers comprise the 
original Royal Mail and American Lines, with the addition of 
several new steamers, thus forming two first-class lines of Passen- 
ger Steamers, which for speed, safety and comfort cannot be 
surpassed. 

They are the only lines now affording Tourists an opportunity 
to view the magnificent scenery of the Thousand Islands and 
Rapids of the St. Lawrence by daylight. 

Meals included on steamers between Toronto and Montreal. 

The fleet now consists of the following composite steamers : 

BA VARIAN, CORINTHIAN, 

CORSICAN, PASSPORT, 

SPARTAN, MAGNET, 

ABYSSINIAN, ATHENIAN, 

BOHEMIAN, BANSHEE, 



ALEX. MILLOY, 

Sec'y &^ Gen^l AgH Canadian Nav. Co., Montreal. 

For Excursion Tickets and all information, apply 
at the 

General Agency, 175 Broadway, N. Y. 
E. P. BEACH, Gen'l Agt. L F. HICKS, Pass. Ag't. 



SHOR r- TRIP G VIDE.— ANNO UN CEMENTS, 

NARRAGANSETT STEAMSHIP CO. 

AND OLD COLONY R. R. 
"FALL RIVER LIME," 

Between New York and Boston, 

Via Newport and Fall River, 

STEAMERS LEAVE NEW YORK AT 

S P 1V[ DAILY (SUNDAYS EXCEPTED) FROM 

Pier 28, North River, foot Murray St. 
4 P.M. in Winter, 

THE WORLD-BENOWNED STEAMERS 

BRISTOL, PROVIDENCE, 



Commander A. G. SIMMONS. 



Commander B. M. SIMMONS. 



Traijis leave Bostojtfrom the Old Colony Depot, cor. South 

and Kneelajid Sts., at 4.;^o and 5.30 P.M., connecting 

with these 7nagtiificent steamers at Fall River. 

STEAMERS LEAVE NEWPORT AT 8.30 P. M. 



The most direct route to Taunton, Middleboro, Plymouth, New 

Bedford, Martha's Vineyard, Nantucket, and all points 

on the South Shore and Cape Cod Railway. 

Througli Tichets sold to the white MOUNTAINS and aU principal 
poll its in New England and the Provinces. 

PROMENADE CONCERTS EVERY EVENING 

BY 

HALVS CELEBRATED BRASS, REED AND STRING BANDS. 



^P°"for tickets and state-rooms^ 
In NEW YORK— Apply at 241 Broadway; 529 Broadwa5^; Broad- 
way, corner of 23d Street; Dodd's Kxpress Offices, 944 Broadway and 10 
Court Street, Brooklyn, or at the office on the Pier. 

In BOSTON— At No. 3 Old State House, and at Old Colony Railroad 
Depot. 

^^Through Tickets sold by all the principal Railroads East, South 
and West. Baggage checked to destination. 

THE ONLY DIRECT LINE TO AND FROM NEWPORT. 
J^^AsK for Tickets via Fall River Line..,^,^!! 
J. R. KENDRICK, Sup^t, | A. P. BACON, Sup't, 

O. C. R. R., BOSTON. | N. S. S. CO., NEW YOKK. 



SHO R T- TRIP G UIDE. —A NNO UNQEMEN TS. 



AigUgtite Spr's 



ST.ALBANS 







PEOPLE'S LINE 

OF 

STEAMERS 

BETWEEN 

New York and Albany, 
A^w York to Albany, 

STEAMERS 



ST. JOHN, DREW, 

Capt.W. H. Christopher Capt. S. J. Roe, 
Monday^ Tuesday^ 

Wednesday^ Thursday, 

Friday, Saturday^ 

From Pier 41, North River, 

(Near Jersey City Ferry, Desbrosses Street.) 

AT 6:00 P. M., 
Connecting with Trains of New 
York Central, Albany & Susque- 
hanna, Rensselaer & Saratoga, and 
Wa.rec7j.e,| Boston & Albany Railways j and 
m I Lake Champlain Steamers. 

, %W" Tickets at the Office on the 
r.Bew-n.-^; Wharf; also at Dodd's Express Of- 
oos^^ -^ ^ fices, 944 Broadway, New Yoi k, and 
" "^ No. I C^ourt Street, Brooklyn. 

i^P" Passengers leaving Washing- 
ton at 800 A.M., Baltimore at 9:40 
A.M., Philadelphia at 1:20 P.M., ar- 
rive in New York at 4:50 P.M., in 
time to connect as above. 



1 L ' 



A Ibany to New Yorky 

STEAMERS 



Glasco 



NEWeURC 



DREW, 

Capt. S J. Roe, 
Monday, 

Wednesday, 

Friday, 



ST. JOHN, 

Capt. W.H.Christopher 

Tuesday, 

Thursday^ 
■ Satzirday^ 




From Steamboat -Landing, 

AT 8:15 P. M., 

On arrival of Trains from North 
and West. 

^"Tickets to Philadelphia, Bal- 
timore, and Washington City, for 
sale on the Boats. 

Hudson River Railroad Tickets 
TAKEN for passage, includiug State- 
Room Berth. 

JOHN C. HEWITT, 

Gen. Ticket Agenl 



SHORT- TRIP G UIDE.—ANNO UNCEMENT8. 




DAYLIGHT. 



Albany & New York 
DAY LINE 

OS 

STEAMBOATS, 
"C. VIBBARD," 



''DANIEL DREW," 

Leaving New York 

Every Afornini^ {Sunday ex- 
cepted) from Vestry St. 
Pier and ^^th St. 

Landing at Cozzens's, West Point, 
Newburgh, Poughkeepsie, Rhine- 
beck, Catskill,and Pludson. afford- 
ing THE BEST MODE OF ENJOYING THE 

UNSURPASSED SCENERY, and of reach- 
ing the "Overlook" and "Catskill" 
Mountain Houses, Lebanon Springs 
{via Hudson), Sharon Springs by 
special train via Susquehanna Rail- 
way (all rail from Albany), Saratoga 
Springs, and all points north and 
•west. 

Leave Albany every morning, on 
arrival of Trains from Saratoga and 
the north, and from Sharon, etc. 

ISAAC L. WELSH, 

General Ticket Agent. 



SHOR T- TRIP G UIDE. ~^ANNO UNCEMEN T8. 

AFTERNOON BOAT 

FROM 

NEW YORK TO WEST POINT, NEWBURG, POUGHKEEPSIE, 

RONDOUT AND KINGSTON. 




THE SPLENDID AND FAVORITE STEAMER 

MAR Y POWELL 

Leaves New York, every afternoon at 3.30, from VESTRY 
STREET PIER, for WEST POINT, NEWBURG, 
POUGHKEEPSIE, RONDOUT and KINGSTON; 
landing at CORNWALL, MILTON, and other popular 
places ; passing 

Through the Highlands by Daylight, 

and affording unequalled facilities for reaching the places 
named, and enjoying the noble scenery of the river, as well 
as reaching, in the most convenient manner, that charming 
place of summer resort in the Catskill Mountains — 

The Overlook Mountain House. 

Returning, leaves Rondout every morning at 5.30 A. M., 
reaching New York at 10.30. 



SHORT- TRIP UIDE.—ANNO UNCEMENTS. 

European or American Tourists 

IN AMERICA, 

Will find convenience, comfort, and economy all sub- 
served, by calling on 

COOK, SON & JENKINS, 

No. 262 BROADWAY. 
NEW YORK, 

(Branch of THOS. COOK & SON, Fleet 
Street, London,) 

Who are prepared to arrange routes and furnish 

tickets to 

All parts of the Old or New World, 

At rates far below those attainable by the unaided 

traveller. 



„^^ For the present season of 1873, special ad- 
vantages offered to Vienna Excursionists, as well 
as to European Tourists generally. 



Cook's Excursionist, published monthly, 
contains details of more than 1,000 different tours, 
routes, expenses, &c. Price, 10 cents. By mail, post- 
paid. 



SHORT- TRIP UIDE. —AN HO UNCEMENTS. 

Fort William Henry Hotel, 

LAKE GEORGE. » 



This Hotel will open for Guests, 

JUNE 1ST, 1873. 

It is fitted with all modern conveniences, and has 
accommodations for Nine Hundred persons. 



Special Terms made with Fam-ilies for the 
Season. 



Until June ist, for Rooms, apply to 



T. ROESSLE & SON, 

Owners and Proprietors^ 

"THE ARLINGTON," 

Washington^ D. C. 



SEOMT-TIilP aTJlDE.—ANNOVNaEMENTS. 

THE LAUREL HOUSE, 

KAUTERSKILL FALLS, 
(iK miles west of Mountain House), CATSKILL MOUNTAINS. 




jr. L. SCHTJTX, I'ropi'ietor. 

Possesses great beauty of location, with unequaled opportunities for 
examining the Falls ; secluded walks and delightful retreats ; the Clove 
and oiher matchless drives. Good Trout Fishing in the neighborhood. 
Recently enlarged, and in perfect order. Carriages and an A^rentiu. 
attendance at the Cars and Boats, at Catskill. 

POWELL HOUSE, 

HOTEL AND POSTING HOUSE. 

Point of Departure of all Conveyances fjr i\\c 
Mountains, 

OATS K I LL LAIsTDIT^G", 

GREENE CO., NEW YORK. 



JOHN T. HUNTLEY, 



Proprietor. 



^EOBT-TEIP GUIDE.— ANNOUNCEMENTS. 
THE 

GILSEY HOUSE, 

Corner Broadway and 29TH Street. 

NKW YORK. 



One of the most complete and thoroughly-appointed 
Hotels in America, with Passenger-Lift and all modern 
conveniences and improvements ; and most conveni- 
ently located for all purposes of residence or visit. 

BRESLIN, GARDNER & CO., 

Proprietors. 



In connection with the Gilsey House, the 

GRAND UNION HOTEL, 

SARATOGA SPRINGS, 

NEW YORK. 



One of the largest in the world, situated in grounds 
of peculiar extent and beauty, containing 

700 Private Parlors and Bed-Rooms, 

and second to none on either continent, in every detail 
of luxurious comfort. 

BRESLIN, GARDNER & CO. 



SHOR T- TRIP a UIBE. —ANNO UNCEMENTS. 



International Hotel, 

Niagara Falls. 




■iSii 




iliii iiiKsBf 



J. T. FULTON, Proprietor. 



The Largest and most pleasantly situated Hotel at Niag- 
ara, and nearer to the Falls than any other house. 



Rooms Large and IVell Ventilated, 

Spacious Piazzas and Magnificent Lawn and Croquet 
Grounds attached. 

Accommodations for 600 Guests. 

All the modern improvements in the Building. Every- 
thing strictly first-class and terms reasonable. Every 
attention guaranteed. 

Ontnibiises and Porters at all Trams. 
Railroad, Steamboat and Telegraph Ofiices in the Hotel. 



SHOR T- TRIP a UIDE. —ANNO UN CEMENTS. 

CLIFTON HOUSE, 

Niagara Falls. 

{Canada Side.) 
COLBURN & McOMBER, Proprietors. 



Has advantages over all others, in the unequaled view 
of the Tails and Rapids, to be obtained from the windows 
and piazzas of the Hotel. 

Rooms en suite or singly. Superior accommodations 
for families spending the season. Transient board at 
reasonable terms. Commutation Tickets for passing over 
the New Suspension Bridge, immediately adjoining. 

Attendance excellent^ and rates moderate. 



THE 

Russell House, 

OTTAWA, 

Canada. 




This Hotel is the largest and only first-class house in the city. 
It is fitted, furnished and kept as an unexceptional first-class 
Hotel, combining modern elegance, comfort and economy. It 
has ample accommodation for five hundred guests, and is delight- 
fully and centrally situated, being in close proximity to the Parlia- 
ment Buildings, the Post Office, and all the points of interest. 



SHOR T- TRIP G UIDE. —ANNO UNCEMENTS. 



BREVOORT HOUSE, 

NEW YORK. 



This well known Hotel is located on Fifth Avenue, 
corner'of Eighth Street, near Washington Park, one of 
the most de:ightful locations, combining the quiet retire- 
ment of a private mansion, with easy access to all parts of 
the City. The Brevoort has always been a favorite with 
Europeans visiting the United States ; the plan upon 
which it is k&pt, being such as to specially commend it to 
those accustomed to European habits. 

CLARK & WAITE, 

Proprietors, 



SHORT- TRIP GUIDE.— ANNOUNGEMEJ^'TS. 



HOTEL, 
BROADWAY, NEW YORK. 



Breslin, Purcell & Co. 

Having become proprietors of the above well-known Hotel, we propose 
conducting it on a very liberal basis, and so as to command the patron- 
age of the traveling public. 

ITS CENTRAL LOCATION; 

each room with an outside exposure ; its great variety of elegantly fur- 
nished apartments for either 

FAMILIES OR SINGLE GENTLEMEN, 

the rooms with BATH, CLOSET, &c., attached, make it especially de- 
sirable for parties visiting the city, whether for pleasure or busmess. 

The proprietors hope that their individual reputation will afford reason- 
able assurance that their friends and patrons will receive every comfort 
and attention while under their charge. 

To their city patrons they have to announce that the 

RESTAURANT 

for LADIES and GENTLEMEN Vill receive their special attention, 

with Reduced Rates of Charges in every Branchy 

while the material and service shall be of the best. 



BOARD, FOUR DOLLARS A DAY. 



JAMES H. BRESLIN, 
EDWARD C. PURCELL^ 
PETER GARDNER, 
HENRY GILSEY, 
JOHN P ACKER. 



New York, May, 1873. 



SHOE T- TRIP UIDE.—ANNO UNGEMENTS. 




THE 



CONTINENTAL HOTEL 



PHILADELPHIA 



J. E. KINGSLEY & CO.. Proprietors. 



One of the largest and most magnificent Hotels in 
America, located on 

CHESTNUT ST, COR. NINTH, 

At the actual centre of the city and convenient to 
places of amusement and all points of interest. Has 
500 rooms ; passenger elevator ; two great lines of 
telegraph to all points ; every variety of carriage fa- 
cility ; is passed bystreet cars, and offers every at- 
traction, alike for the hurried visits of the tourist or 
for more leisurely residence. 



SHOR T- TRIF G ULDE.—ANHO UNGEMENTS. 




LA PIERRE HOU^E, 



BROAD ST., NEAR CHESTNUT, PHILADELPHIA. 

J. B BUTTERWORTH, Proprietor. 

gg^ Passenger Lift, Telegraph Office, and all modern improvemeats 

and luxuries. 

MOUNT VERNON HOTEL, 

8 1 West Monument Street, 
BALTIMORE. 



Conducted on the European Plan, 

This superb edifice, located in the most fashionable 
p'art of the city, is now open for the reception of guests. 
Its appointments are of the most approved character, 
and the tables are supplied with every luxury this and 
foreign markets afford. It has heretofore been patron- 
ized extensively by European travellers, as well as by 
men of eminence and distinction of this country. 

E. V. WESTCOTT, Proprietor. 



SHOE T- TRIP G UIDE.—ANNO UNCEMENTS. 



AMERICAN HOUSE 

BOSTON, MASS. 
Lewis Rice & Son, Proprietors. 




The 



largest First Class 



Hotel tn New Englafid, 



Centrally located on Hanovkr Street. 



Convenient to the Railroads, Theatres, Post Office, and the 
great Business Centre of Boston. The American House contains 
400 Ai'ARTME.NTS and 50 Suites of liooMS, with all conveniences 
and modern improvements, and is furnished in the most sumpt- 
uous manner. Bath-Rooms and Water Conveniences adjoin the 
Apartments. Billiard Halls, Telegraph Office, and a 
Cafe, are connected with the Hotel, which is noted throughout 
the States for Cleanliness and Comfort. 

Ttft's Improved Elevator oh Vertical Railway is at the 
service of Guests from 6. 00 a. m. till midnight, affording easy ac- 
cess to all the Stories and Rooms in the House. The Apartments, 
with conveniences before named, are particularly desirable for 
Families and Summer Travelers. Carriages may be obtained 
at the Hotel. Families, Tourists, and the Traveling Public will 
find every accommodation and comfort at this long-established and 
favorite house 



SHOBT-TRIP G ULDE.—ANNO UNGEMENTS, 




THE 



GRAND PACIFIC HOTEL, 

CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, 

U. S. A. 



fFrom the Aldine, New York, May ist, 1873.] 
" Opposite the Government Building towers a worthy neighbor, 
the Grand Pacific Hotel, the largest Hotel structure in the world, 
occupying a square bounded by Clark, Lasalle, Jackson and Quincy 
Sts., an area of over 60,000 square feet, seven stories in height. It 
was nearly completed at the time of the fire, and has been rebuilt 
on a still better scale. It will represent^ when finished and furnished, 
a value of $3,000,000. The fronts on tht€e streets, an extent of 750 
feet, rising 104 feet from the street grade, are in Amherst sandstone. 
Belore the present number of the Aldine reaches its readers, 
Messrs. Gage Brothers & Rice, the lessees of the Grand Pacific 
for twenty years, will have opened its doors to their guests." 



SHOE T- TRIP G LIDE.—ANXO UNCEMENTS. 




THE GARDNER HOUSE, 



CHICAGO, 



ILLINOIS. 



Facing the Lake and Public Park, 



GARDNER & GOULD, 

Proprietors. 



SEOR T- 1 RIP G UIBE. —ANNO UN CEMENTS. 



ST. LAWRENCE HALL, 




MONTREAL, 



F. GERIKEN, . . . 

Successor io H. HOG AN. 



CANADA. 

Proprietor. 



The St. Lawrence is the largest and most fashion- 
able Hotel in the city ; is patronized by the Govern- 
ment on all public occasions, as well as by H. R. H. 
the Prince of Wales, H. E. the Governor-General, 
and H. I. H. the Grand Duke Alexis. 

It is capable of accommodating comfortably over 
500 people. During the past winter has been painted 
and renovated throughout, and entirely refurnished. 

t^^The proprietor would respectfully solicit a 
continuance of the large English, American, and other 
traveling and resident patronage, so long extended to 
this favorite house and his predecessor. 



SHOR T- TRIP UIDE.—A NNO UNCEMENTS. 



OTTAWA HOTEL, 




Fronting on St. James Street, and 

Opening on Notre Dame Street, 

MONTREAL, P. Q., Canada. 



C. S. Browne & J. Q. Perley, Proprietors, 



FALMOUTH HOTEL, 



PORTLAND, MAINE. 



P. E. WHEELER, Proprietor. 



Leading Hotel of Portland : patronized by the first 
class of tourists, captains of English steamers, and 
best society generally. 



SHORT-TRIP G UIBE—ANNO UNCEMENTS, 

* 

RossiN House Hotel, 




TORONTO, CANADA. 
G. P. SHEARS, Proprietor. 



This splendid and commodious Hotel is located on 
York and King Streets, in the most interesting portion of 
the city, equally convenient to the Lake Side, the Railway 
Station, Steamboat Wharves, &c., and to Osgoode Hall, 
the splendid grounds of the University, etc. 

The Hotel is finished and furnished with every regard 
to comfort and luxury ; has hot and cold water, with Baths 
and Closets on each floor. The Parlors and Bed Rooms 
are large and well ventilated, and arranged for private 
parties and families ; and it is believed to well deserve its 
reputation as 

OXE OF THE MOST THOROUGHLY FiRST-ClaSS 

Hotels in the Dominion. 



Every attention mid Reasonable Charges. 



SHOE T- TRIP G UIDE. —ANNO UNCEMENT8. 



WELDEN HOUSE, 




ST. ALBANS, VERMONT. 



T. Lavender, Prop. \ P. M. Brigham, Chf. Clerk. 



BATES HOUSE, 



Nearly opposite the Depot, 



RUTLAND, VERMONT 



PAIGE & TOLHURST, Proprietors. 



W. F. PAIGE. 



D. TOLHURST. 



F. M. PIERCE, Clerk. 



SHORT- TRIP G UIBE.—ANNO UNCEMENTS. 




MOISTTQ-OMERY STREET, 

Extending from Bush to Sutter Street, 

SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA. 

The "Occidental" contains 412 rooms ; Bath rooms on every floor. 
One of Otis Bros. Passenger Elevators, of the latest improved style, 
runs from 6 a. m. to 12 p. m. for the accommodation of the Guests. 



SEOR T- TRIP G UIDE. —ANNO UNCEMJENTS. 



COSMOPOLITAN HOTEL, 



^^m^^ 




COR. BUSH AND SANSOME STREETS, 



SAN FRANCISCO, 



CALIFORlSriA. 



H. H. PEARSON, - - - Proprietor. 

(LATE OF THE RUS3 HOUSE.) 



g^^^This first-class and popular Hotel has all modem 
improvements, including one of 

Miller s Patent Safety Car Elevators^ 



SEOBT-TBIP GUIDE.— ANNOUNCEMENTS. 

GRAND HOTEL, 

COR. FRONT &. K STREETS, 

Sacramento, - - - California. 

On/y 1 block distant from the R. R. Depots and Steamboat Landingx. 



First class House in all respects. 



H. D. ROA^^LEY, Proprietoi*. 

Mammoth Grove Hotel, 

Calaveras County, California. 

SPERRY'S HOTEL, 

Murphy's, Calaveras Co. 



SPERR Y & PERR V, . - . Proprietors. 



Stages leave Stockton daily for the Grove, connecting with 
daily line for Yosemite. 

T^HOE HOUSE, 

LAKE TAHOE, 
Fourteen miles from Truckee and the C. P. R. R. 



Lake Tahoe is 6,412 feet above the level of the sea, 35 
miles long and 16 miles wide. A fine steamer will convey 
all persons from the Tahoe House who may desire ta 
visit the Hot Springs^ Emerald Bay^ or any other point on 
the Lake, 



8H0R T- TRIP G UIDE —ANNO UNCEMENTS. 



EXCURSIONS 

TO 

Yo Semite, Big Trees, 

AND 

GREAT GEYSER SPRINGS 



OF 



CALIFORNIA. 



THOMAS HOUSEWORTH & CO., 

Ticket Agents 
FOR ALL ROUTES OF TRAVEL, 

Office, No. 9 MONTGOMERY STREET, 

LICK HOUSE, 

SAN FRANCISCO. 



Arrangements made for large or small parties by private or 
public conveyance^ and satisfaction guaranteed. 



The LATEST and FINEST COLLECTION of PHOTOGRAPHS 

of all the above places, on Exhibition and Sale, at our Art 

Gallery, No. 9 Montgomery St., under Lick House. 



SHOR T- TRIP G UWE. —A NNO UN CEMENTS. 

you are most cordially invited, together with your friends 

to visit 

YOSEMITE ART GALLERY, 

(Portrait and Landscape,) 

Nos. 22 and 26 Montgomery Street ^ 

Opp. Lick House Entrance, up stairs, 

SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA. 



Our Photographic Portraits, of every style, are unequaled by 
any in San Francisco, and our collection of Landscape Views, large, 
stereoscopic and intermediate sizes, embracing Yosemite Valley, 
Mammoth Trees, Geysers, Mount Shasta, Oregon, Columbia 
River, Pacific Railroad, Coast, Mining, City, &c., will, we feel 
assured, give you pleasure to examine, as it will us to extend to 
you every courtesy in our power. 

Respectfully yours, 

C. E. WATKINS, 
Portrait and Landscape Photographer. 

ENGLISH OPINION. 

From "Art Journal," August, 1870. 

But in all that has depended on human Art, he has been most successful — 
especially in the selection of pictorial points of view, as well as in the deli- 
cate manipulation which is necessary to give free scope to the magic 
chemistry of light. Between the wonders of nature and the skill of man, 
we have certainly before us in these views of the Yosemite Valley, the 
finest Photographs that have been seen in Europe. It is no small satis- 
faction to us to be able to bear this testimony to the work of an American 
artist. To the lover of nature, in her most sublime aspects, as well as to 
the collectors of what is most rare and perfect in photography, we can 
recommend no higher treat, than will be procured by the purchase of Mr. 
Watkins' photographs of the Valley of the Grisly Bear. 



AMERICAN OPINION. 

From " Springfield Republican," April 19, 1872. 

So it is with Watkins, in his pictures of California scenery. He makes 
a close -artistic study of the attitudes of nature, and the various lights of 
the day, and gives himself, his instruments and his chemicals, the advantage 
thereof, with the result of as perfect little pictures in combination and form 
and effect, as painter ever gathered through his artistic perception and his 
ingenious grouping of the gems of nature. 

STEREOSCOPIC VIEWS, $1.50 per Doz. 



SHORT-TRIP GUIDE.— ANNOUNCEMENTS. 

HOME JOURNAL. 

28th Year. 



Enlarged a7id Improved, 

A survey of the leading departments will give those not 
familiar with the paper an idea of its range. It comprises Edi- 
torials on topics of fresh interest ; Brilliant Romances and Por- 
traitures of American Life ; Editorial Reviews of new events in 
the world of Belles-Lettres, Painting, Sculptures, Science, Music 
and the Drama ; Essays ; Ample Excerpts from the best Euro- 
pean Writers ; Spicy Letters from Correspondents in all the 
great Capitals of the world ; Copious Extracts from New Books ; 
and racy accounts of sayings, happenings, and doings in the 
Beau Monde ; embracing the very freshest matters of interest in 
this country and in Europe — the whole completely mirroring the 
wit and wisdom, the humor and pathos, the news and sparkling 
gossip of the times. 

Home Journal Clubs. 

THE HOME JOURNAL and any $4 periodical (either 
Harper's Magazine, Harper's Weekly, Harper's Bazaar, Atlantic 
Monthly, Scribner's Monthly, the Galaxy, Lippincott's Maga- 
zine, Appleton's Journal, Blackwood's Magazine, Westminster 
Review, or any of the English Quarterlies republished here,) will 
be sent for $5, the full price being $7. 

THE HOME JOURNAL and Our Young Folks for ^3.50; 
full rates $5. HOME JOURNAL and Littell's Living Age for 
iii^S 50 ; full price %i\. HOME JOURNAL and Frank Leslie's 
Ladies' Journal or Illustrated Newspaper, $5 ; full rates $7. 

Subscribers (both new and old) forming clubs for the HOME 
JOURNAL alone will receive it at the rate of three copies one 
year, or one copy three years, for S^6 ; six copies one year, $10. 
Single subscriptions $3 a year. Subscriptions will take date im- 
mediately, or at any time the subscribers prefer. 

Address, 

MORRIS PHILLIPS & CO., 

No. 3 Park Place, New York City. 



SHOBT-TTiIF JrUIDE.— ANNOUNCEMENTS. 

" The Galaxy is about as near perfection as anything can be."—Dat7jt 
Register y New Haven^ Conn. 

THE GALAXY 

IS THE 

BEST AMERICAN MAGAZINE. 
^-^0 FAMILY CAN AFFORD TO DO WITHOUT IT. 

It gives mc:re Good and Attractive Reading Matter tor the money 
than any other Periodical or Book published in the country. 

The leading newspapers pronounce THE GALAXY the Best and 
most Ably Edited American Magazine. 

- THE GALAXY meets the wants of every member of the Family. 

It contains Thoughtful Articles by our ablest writers. 

It contains Sketches of Life and Adventure. 

It has Serial Stories by our best Novelists. 

It has Short Stories in each number. 

It has Humorous Articles in each number which are a constant 
source of delight to the public. 

In each number is a complete Review of the World of Literature. 

The New Department of ^^ Scientific Miscellany^^ appears in each 

number. 

WHAT THE LEADING PAPERS SAY. 

" First of all in attractions we place The Galaxy: it has succeeded 
better than any of its rivals." — Standard^ Chicago. 

" Well sustains its reputation for vigorous and racy writing."— iV>«» 
York Tribune. 

" The Galaxy is always more a magazine than any other." — Inde- 
pendent. 

" A model periodical ; a credit to American periodical literature." — 
Philadelphia Press. 

" We are inclined to believe that more downright good literature is 
crowded between the covers of The Galaxy than any other American 
magazine can boast of." — Chicago Times, 

" There is not a dull page between its covers."— iV^w York Times. 

" The variety of its contents, their solid worth, their brilliance, and 
their great interest, make up a general character of great excellence for 
every number." — Post., Boston. 

" We are glad to be able to congratulate The Galaxy on surpassing 
even the high standard with which, as one of our leading magazines, we 
credit it." — Evening Mail ^Ne-w York. 

" Always ably edited, and remarkable for the good judgment dis- 
-olayed in the selection of current topics for discussion. In this way it 
luite eclipses the more conservative periodicals of the day." — Boston 
yournaly Mass. 

" The reported increase in the circulation of The Galaxy is hardly 
to be wondered at, for it is certainly the best of American magazines."— 
Express, Buffalo^ N. Y. 

NOW IS THE TIME TO SUBSCRIBE. 
Price 35 cts. per Number. Subscription Price, $4 per year, 

Address, 

SHELDON & COMPANY, 677 Broatlway, New York. 



SHORT-TRIP UIDE.^ANNO UNGEMENTS. 

NEW 

Fifth Avenue Theatre, 

BROADWAY, 

At Waver ley Place, and opposite the New York Hotels 

^l^SSr YORK CITY. 



Mr. AUGUSTIN DALY, - Lessee and Manager, 

Produces, during the season, a constant succession of 

DRAMATIC SURPRISES: 
SOCIETY PLAYS, 

CONTEMPORANEOUS COMEDIES, 

PARISIAN SENSATIONS, dr»tf. 

Perfect in every detail of presentation, and always inter- 
preted by 

THE LEADING COMEDY COMPANY IN AMERICA. 



^^ Among the most pronounced successes of the management 
may be mentioned some of world-wide reputation : 

*' Frou-Frou," "Fernande," "Saratoga," "Di- 
vorce," "Diamonds," "Alixe," "Madelein 
Morel," &c. 



.^^This Theatre is unsurpassed in the fashionable quality of 
its attendance, as in the novelty and brilliancy of its 
performances.. . 



SHOR T- TRIP G UIDE. —ANNO VNCEMENTS. 

NIBLO'S GARDEN, 

BROADWAY, 

CORNER OF PRINCE STREET, (METROPOLITAN HOTEL,) 

NE^v^^ YORK CITY. 



Messrs. JARRETT & PALMER, 

Lessees and Managers. 



ONE OF THE LARGEST AND HANDSOMEST 
THEATRES IN AMERICA, 

AND THE 

(Recognized Home of Magnificent Spectacle^ 

EXHIBITING THE 

MOST COSTLY AND ELABORATE SCENERY 
AND APPOINTMENTS. 

AND THE 

Finest (Ballet of the Western Continent. 



Matinees on Wednesdays & Saturdays 

THROUGHOUT THE SeASON. 



SEOR T-TRIP G UiDE.—ANNO UNCEMh]^ TS. 




J^argest Organ Establishment in the World, 
SEVEN EXTENSIVE FACTORIES. 

J. ESTEY & COMPANY, 

Brattleboro, Vt., U. S. A. 
THE CELEBRATED 

Kstey Cottage Organs. 

The latest and best improvements. Everything that 

is new and novel. The leading improvements 

in Organs were introduced first in this 

establishment. 

ESTABLISHED 1846. 

^^^SEND FOR ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE. 



SHORT-TRIP GUlDE.-ANNOUNCEMIiNTS. 



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Ready Made and To Ordeh. 

Gentlemen's, Youths' and Children's 

CLOTHING AND FURNISHING WAREHOUSE.. 

J. M. VARIAN & SON, 

70 and 72 Bowery, 



Near Canal Street, 



New York City, U. S. A. 



SHOE T- TRIP G UIDE. —A NNO UNCEMENTS. 



.Travelers' Official Guide 

OF THE 

RAILWAYS 

AND 

STEAM NAVIGATION LINES 

IN THE 

UNITED STATES & CANADA. 



The only Guide recognized by the United States Gov- 
ernment, and railroad officers, as the standard authority 
for time, distances, and other statistics relative to rail- 
roads. 

PUBLISHED MONTHLY, 

under the auspices of the General Ticket Agents' Asso- 
ciation, and sold by all news agents and periodical dealers 
throughout the United States and Canada ; also, at the 
various railroad depots, and on trains. This is the i 

BEST ADVERTISING MEDIUM 

in the country, and from its large circulation, affords un- 
usual advantages to merchants and manufacturers. 

For further particulars, as to prices of advertismg, etc., 
application should be made to the 

GENERAL EDITOR, 

233 South Fifth Street, 

Philadelphia, Pa. 



SHORT- TRIP G UIDE. —A KNO UNGEMENTS. 

Poole & Maclauchlan, 

PRINTERS 



AND 



BOOKBINDERS, 

Combine in their extensive premises, 

205 to 213 East Twelfth Street, 



AND 



15 Vandewater Street, 

NE W YORK, 

The resources of the old and well-known houses of Messrs. 

Trow & Smith, C. A. Alvord, Robert Craighead, 

and The New York Printing Company. 

Tliey are constantly adding improvements both in the 

BINDING AND PRINTING 

DEPARTMENTS, 

A.nd offer to publishers facilities vmequalled in this country 
for the rapid and accurate production of books. 



ALL ORDERS FOR 



J OB PRINTING 

promptly attended to. 



Kstimaics for binding or printing furnished on application. 



CLYDE'S 

Coastwise and IV est India 

STEAMSHIP LINES. 



TEXAS LINE, touching at Key West, F]a. Steamers sail every 
Saturday from Pier 20, E. R. 

SOUTH CAROLINA LINE, between New York and Charles- 
ton, S. C. ; through Tickets^to all points in South Carolina, 
Georgia, Florida, Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana. Steamers 
sail Tuesday, Thursday, and Saturday, from Pier 29, N. R. 

NEW YORK AND HAVANA DIRECT MAIL LINE, 

having in service the largest passenger Steamers out of New 
York. Steamers for HAVANA direct every week, from Pier 
13, N R. 



The above Stea?ners are all new, and have all the improved 
passens^er accomjnodations, State Rooms on deck, Sf'c. For 
Information apply to '' 

W, p. CLYDE & CO.. Managers, 
No. 6 Bowling Greeny N. Y, 



Messrs. WAGNER, HUGER & CO., 

Charleston, S. C. 



AND y Agents^ 

WM. A. COURTENAY, ) 



DAN'L McKELLAR, Agent, 

76 Calle de Cuba, Havana. 



LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 




011 290 232 6 



IN- THE 



Qqi^ 'mxcm St., . J¥il'W YbMM. 
Agents lSv€?^ywnere. 



An^-mosi rellahle ef all 

^E INSURANCE 

Is to "be fou'nd m 



4-4 anc: 14eBEQADW;5y: 
NEY/-- YORK CITY,. 



lac.!', A .-,.>,,-..,.. 



on1;- avvi^c ^150,000,000, 



